How do I know if a plant is suffering from improper temperatures?

Plants, influenced by various factors, develop resistance to them during evolutionary development. Therefore, their need for specific conditions is crucial.

Stages of plant deterioration due to improper temperatures:

Not all plant life processes are equally sensitive to temperature, so if the temperature is not right, the plant is more likely to suffer than die:
  • Protoplasmic (cytoplasm and nucleus of a cell) movement stops.
  • Photosynthesis and respiration are reduced. Heat is especially harmful to photosynthesis, while respiration is sensitive to cold.
  • Chloroplasts are damaged, leading to an irreversible process of photosynthesis.
  • Eventually, the cell membrane is destroyed, and the plant dies.

How to protect a plant from high temperatures:

High temperatures can quickly lead to plant death due to cell membrane damage and protein degradation. Even minor damage can cause metabolic disorders and ultimately lead to death.
First, try to find the ideal spot for your plant. If this isn't possible, take measures to safeguard your plants.
  • Keep your plants away from direct sunlight. High outdoor temperatures can make direct sunlight unbearable, causing most plants to deteriorate. Seek as much shade as possible.
  • Adequate watering is crucial for plants in hot weather. Watering in the evening is best to prevent rapid evaporation. If necessary, water twice, but be cautious not to overwater, as excessive moisture can hinder root oxygenation. If you notice wilting leaves with lost turgor, water immediately.
  • Loosen the soil if a crust has formed on its surface. In such conditions, plants suffer from insufficient water and oxygen, hindering their ability to breathe, and watering becomes less effective.

How to protect a plant from low temperatures:

Similar to heat-related plant death, cold-related plant death is associated with metabolic disorders. However, the differences involve impaired permeability and disrupted assimilate flow (the product of photosynthesis, which replenishes carbon dioxide in plants).
To save your plants from cold-related harm:
  • If your indoor plant is exposed to low temperatures, try to raise the temperature if possible to mitigate the adverse effects.
  • For potted plants kept outdoors, ensure the temperature is suitable for their location.
  • In extremely cold conditions, bring the pots indoors to a warmer place to protect them from cold and frost.
  • Keep in mind that each plant has specific temperature requirements. Therefore, research the ideal temperature ranges for each of your plants.
As with the effects of both high and low temperatures, prevention is easier than dealing with the consequences. Remember, if you observe clear signs of unsuitable conditions, it may already be too late.