Solomon's Seal Polygonatum odoratum
ABOUT
Polygonatum odoratum, commonly known as Solomon's seal, is a perennial plant with a distinctive appearance. It features a single, arching stem from which hang alternately arranged, ovate-shaped leaves that are lush green in color. These leaves often have a slightly pleated appearance and smooth, discreetly veined textures. As the Solomon's seal blooms in late spring to early summer, it bears small, tubular flowers that dangle from the leaf axils, gracefully aligned on the underside of the stems. These flowers are typically white to greenish-white and are often tipped with green, possessing a sweet fragrance. Following the flowering season, the plant may produce blue-black berries, which provide visual interest and can attract birds and other wildlife. The root system of Solomon's seal comprises rhizomes, which are underground stems that spread horizontally and allow the plant to form colonies over time. These rhizomes are also known for their medicinal properties and have been used in various traditional remedies. Overall, Solomon's seal exudes an elegant and delicate charm with its arching stems and pendulous flowers, making it a beloved addition to shade gardens and woodland settings. Its foliage can also turn a golden-yellow in the fall, offering seasonal color before the plant dies back to the ground for winter.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Asparagaceae.
Synonyms
Solomon's Seal, Angular Solomon's Seal, Fragrant Solomon's Seal, Scented Solomon's Seal, King Solomon's-seal, True Solomon's Seal, Sweet-scented Solomon's Seal.
Common names
Convallaria odorata, Polygonatum officinale, Polygonatum vulgare, Sigillum Solomonis odoratum, Polygonatum multiflorum var. odoratum.
ToxicityTo humans
Solomon's seal (Polygonatum odoratum) is generally not considered toxic to humans. It has been used historically in various traditional medicines. However, as with many plants, it is advisable to exercise caution and avoid consuming Solomon's seal without adequate knowledge of its preparation and appropriate dosages, as the berries may cause mild symptoms if ingested in large quantities. Symptoms of ingesting large amounts of the berries could include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.
To pets
Solomon's seal (Polygonatum odoratum) is not typically listed as a toxic plant to pets such as dogs and cats. Nonetheless, pets sometimes react differently to plants than humans do, and gastrointestinal upset is a common reaction to the ingestion of plant material by pets. If a pet consumes a large amount of this plant, it might experience mild gastrointestinal upset. Always monitor your pet's health and consult a veterinarian if you observe any unusual symptoms following ingestion.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
White
Height
1-3 feet [30-90 cm]
Spread
1-2 feet [30-60 cm]
Plant type
Herb
Hardiness zones
3-8
Native area
Asia
Benefits
General Benefits- Culinary use - Solomon's seal is edible, with young shoots consumed as a vegetable and rhizomes used as a starch source.
- Decorative - The arching stems and hanging flowers of Solomon's seal make it an attractive choice for shaded garden areas and woodland gardens.
- Pollinator attraction - The flowers can attract bees and other pollinators, enhancing the health of the garden ecosystem.
- Shade tolerance - Solomon's seal thrives in shaded environments, making it ideal for underplanting beneath trees or in areas that receive little direct sunlight.
- Soil stabilization - Its root system can help prevent soil erosion in sloped or delicate areas of a garden or natural setting.
- Easy propagation - It can be easily propagated by division, making it a cost-effective way to spread the plant throughout suitable garden areas.
- Drought resistance - Once established, Solomon's seal is relatively drought-tolerant, requiring minimal additional watering.
- Seasonal Interest - The plant offers visual interest throughout the growing season with its foliage, flowers, and later, its berries.
Medical Properties- Anti-inflammatory: Polygonatum odoratum has been used traditionally to reduce inflammation.
- Antioxidant: The plant contains compounds that are known to have antioxidant properties.
- Immunomodulatory: There is evidence suggesting that Polygonatum odoratum can modulate the immune system.
- Anti-aging: It is sometimes used in traditional medicine with the belief that it can slow down the aging process.
- Antibacterial: Some studies indicate that extracts of Polygonatum odoratum have antibacterial effects.
- Antiviral: This plant has been traditionally used to treat certain viral infections due to its potential antiviral properties.
- Glycemic control: There is traditional use of the plant for aiding in the management of blood sugar levels.
- Tonic: It is often used as a general health tonic to promote well-being and vitality.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Polygonatum odoratum, commonly known as Solomon's seal, is sometimes used as a natural dye for fabrics, yielding a range of colors from green to yellow hues, depending on the mordant used.
- In the culinary realm, young shoots of Solomon's seal can be harvested and cooked similarly to asparagus, offering a unique flavor to dishes.
- The starchy rhizomes of Solomon's seal can be dried and ground into flour for use in baking or as a thickener in soups.
- Some cultures ferment the rhizomes to produce alcoholic beverages, albeit this is a less common application.
- Gardeners value Solomon's seal for its architectural foliage, adding structure and beauty to shade gardens or woodland settings.
- Leaves of the plant have been used historically to pack fruits and vegetables, helping to preserve them during transport.
- Floral designers incorporate Solomon's seal in naturalistic flower arrangements thanks to its graceful arching stems and delicate flowers.
- The dried roots are sometimes used in potpourri mixes or as a natural insect repellant in wardrobes and drawers.
- Landscapers use Solomon's seal as a ground cover to prevent soil erosion in shaded areas due to its rhizomatous growth pattern.
- Ecologists plant Solomon's seal as part of habitat restoration projects because it's a native species beneficial to local wildlife, particularly pollinators.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe plant Solomon's Seal is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilitySolomon's Seal is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Healing and Restoration: Polygonatum odoratum, commonly known as Solomon's Seal, is often associated with healing due to its medicinal properties used in various traditional medicine systems.
- Wisdom: The plant's association with King Solomon, who was renowned for wisdom, imbues it with symbolic meaning related to making wise decisions and the wise use of resources.
- Protection: The seal-like markings on the plant's rhizomes have given rise to beliefs in its ability to ward off negative energies and provide protection to its bearer.
- Elegance and Grace: The arching stems and pendulous flowers of Solomon's Seal embody elegance and grace, symbolizing a gentle and refined strength.
WaterSolomon's Seal prefers consistently moist soil, so water it regularly to maintain slight moisture without soggy conditions. Water approximately once a week with around 16 ounces to 24 ounces, adjusting for rainfall, heat, and soil drainage. During hot, dry spells, watering frequency should increase to maintain moisture levels. Reduce watering in the fall as the plant prepares for dormancy and while dormant in winter, only watering to prevent the soil from becoming completely dry.
LightSolomon's Seal thrives in partial to full shade. It prefers a spot that receives dappled sunlight or light shade throughout the day. The ideal location would protect the plant from harsh afternoon sun while providing some morning light or filtered sunlight through canopy leaves.
TemperatureSolomon's Seal does best in temperatures ranging between 50°F and 75°F. It can survive a minimum temperature of around 20°F once established. The plant is tolerant of a wide range of temperatures but may suffer in prolonged heat above 80°F.
PruningSolomon's Seal requires minimal pruning. Remove dead or yellowing leaves to keep the plant looking tidy and to prevent disease. The best time to prune is in late fall or early winter after the plant has died back, which will also encourage healthier growth in the following season.
CleaningAs needed
SoilSolomon's Seal prefers a soil mix that is rich, moist, and well-draining with a pH of 5.5 to 7. A mixture of loamy soil, peat, and perlite or sand is ideal to mimic its natural woodland habitat.
RepottingSolomon's Seal should be repotted every 2-3 years to refresh the soil and accommodate root growth, or when it has outgrown its current container.
Humidity & MistingSolomon's Seal thrives at a moderate humidity level, around 40-60%, which is often found in typical indoor environments without any special adjustments.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Place Solomon's Seal in bright, indirect light; keep soil moist.
Outdoor
Plant in partial shade; ensure soil is rich and well-drained.
Hardiness zone
3-8 USDA
Life cyclePolygonatum odoratum, commonly known as Fragrant Solomon's Seal, begins its life as a rhizome growing underground. During spring, shoots emerge from the rhizome, developing into arching stems with alternate leaves and small, tubular flowers that hang from the leaf axils. After pollination, typically by insects, the flowers develop into blue-black berries by late summer, which contain seeds. These seeds may germinate and grow into new plants if conditions are favorable. Throughout the growing season, the plant photosynthesizes and stores energy in its rhizome, then dies back to the ground with the onset of winter. The rhizome remains dormant during the cold months, with the cycle restarting the following spring when temperatures rise.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring to early summer
Solomon's Seal, or Polygonatum odoratum, is most commonly propagated by division. The best time to divide this plant is in early spring or late fall when the plant is dormant. Carefully dig up the entire clump of rhizomes, which are the horizontal underground stems, and gently separate them by hand or with a sharp knife. Each section should have at least one growing eye or bud. Once divided, the rhizomes can be replanted immediately in well-drained soil at a depth of about 2 inches (5 cm), ensuring that the eyes are facing upwards. Water the newly planted divisions thoroughly to establish them. This method is effective as it helps maintain the genetic integrity of the plants and also rejuvenates older clumps that may have become too dense.
