Roman Chamomile Chamaemelum nobile
ABOUT
The plant commonly known as Roman chamomile has a spreading habit with intricate branches that give it a lush, mat-forming appearance. It is adorned with feathery, deep green leaves that have a finely divided, thread-like quality, which creates a soft, almost fern-like texture. The leaves emit a pleasant, apple-like fragrance when crushed or brushed against, contributing to the plant's sensory appeal. Roman chamomile produces dainty daisy-like flowers, which consist of white petals arranged in a single layer encircling a prominent, yellow disk-shaped center. The blossoms are modest but charming, exuding a gentle elegance. These flowers are known for their beauty as well as their therapeutic properties, which have been valued for centuries. The overall appearance of Roman chamomile is one of delicate lushness, and its aromatic blooms are a favorite among gardeners and tea enthusiasts alike.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Asteraceae.
Synonyms
Roman Chamomile, English Chamomile, True Chamomile, Noble Chamomile, Common Chamomile, Garden Chamomile, Ground Apple, Low Chamomile, Mother's Daisy, Whig Plant.
Common names
Anthemis nobilis, Ormenis nobilis, Chamomilla nobilis, Ormenis multicaulis
ToxicityTo humans
Roman chamomile, when used appropriately, is generally not toxic to humans. However, some people may experience allergic reactions or contact dermatitis upon touching the plant or after consuming it, especially if they are sensitive to the Asteraceae/Compositae family. Ingesting large amounts could potentially lead to nausea, vomiting, or skin reactions. It's always advisable to use Roman chamomile in moderation and consult with a healthcare provider before consuming it for medicinal purposes.
To pets
Roman chamomile is generally considered to be non-toxic to pets. However, individual animals might have varying sensitivities, and an allergic reaction is possible. If a pet ingests a large amount of this plant, it may experience mild gastrointestinal upset. Owners should monitor their pets for any signs of abnormal behavior or illness after ingestion and consult a veterinarian if any adverse reactions are observed.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Evergreen
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
White
Height
1 foot (30 cm)
Spread
1 foot (30 cm)
Plant type
Herb
Hardiness zones
4-9
Native area
Europe
Benefits
General Benefits- Relaxation Aid - Often used in aromatherapy due to its soothing scent, which can promote relaxation and help reduce stress.
- Skin Care - Applied topically in oils or creams, it is believed to soothe irritated skin and may help with conditions like eczema or rashes.
- Anti-inflammatory - It contains compounds that have potential to reduce inflammation when used in topical applications.
- Sleep Improvement - Its calming properties may help improve sleep quality when used in teas or as a room spray.
- Digestion Helper - Traditionally used to aid with digestion and help soothe an upset stomach when consumed as a tea.
- Culinary Uses - The leaves and flowers can be used to add flavor to foods and beverages, such as teas, salads, or desserts.
- Ornamental Plant - Often grown in gardens for its attractive foliage and flowers, providing aesthetic value to landscapes.
- Non-Toxic - Considered safe around pets and children when used correctly, adding to its popularity in household gardens and products.
Medical Properties- Anti-inflammatory: Roman chamomile may help reduce inflammation in the body.
- Antispasmodic: It is traditionally used to relieve muscle spasms and gastrointestinal disorders.
- Carminative: The plant may assist in reducing gas and bloating.
- Anxiolytic: Roman chamomile is believed to have mild sedative effects, helping to reduce anxiety.
- Analgesic: It may provide pain relief for conditions like headaches and menstrual cramps.
- Antiemetic: The herb can be used to help alleviate nausea and vomiting.
- Wound healing: Topically applied, Roman chamomile might promote healing of skin conditions and irritations.
- Antimicrobial: It has been used to fight infections due to its potential antimicrobial properties.
- Antioxidant: Roman chamomile contains antioxidants that could protect the body's cells from damage caused by free radicals.
- Mild sedative: The calming effects of Roman chamomile might induce sleep and improve overall sleep quality.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Chamomile lawns can be a fragrant and low-maintenance alternative to traditional grass lawns, offering a soft and aromatic ground cover.
- Natural fabric dye can be made from chamomile flowers, often resulting in soft yellow hues.
- Insectary plantings use chamomile to attract beneficial insects that help with pest control in gardens.
- Companion planting with chamomile can improve the growth and flavor of certain plants like onions, cabbage, and beans due to its beneficial properties.
- Chamomile flowers can be used in potpourri for a natural and calming fragrance in homes.
- A chamomile bath is a traditional use where the flowers are added to bathwater for a relaxing and skin-soothing experience.
- Floor washes incorporating chamomile infusion are sometimes used in homes to bring about a sense of peace and tranquility.
- Chamomile flowers have been used to create natural hair lighteners, giving hair a sun-kissed look.
- As a flavoring agent, chamomile can be added to cakes, bread, or other pastries for a subtle, apple-like taste.
- Chamomile petals can be used in crafting, such as in the creation of eco-friendly confetti or decorative elements in papermaking.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe plant Roman chamomile is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe plant Roman chamomile is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Peace: Chamaemelum nobile, commonly known as Roman chamomile, often symbolizes peace because of its calming, gentle fragrance and its ability to soothe nerves.
- Purity: The white petals and bright center of Roman chamomile flowers represent purity and innocence.
- Healing: As a plant with medicinal properties, Roman chamomile is frequently associated with healing, both physical and emotional.
- Patience: The growth habit of Roman chamomile, spreading slowly and steadily, can symbolize patience and the understanding that some things take time to develop.
- Humility: Growing close to the ground, Roman chamomile is often considered a symbol of humility in various cultural contexts.
WaterRoman chamomile requires regular watering but dislikes being overly soggy, so it's best to water it deeply whenever the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch. Generally, this might mean watering with about one to two gallons per week, depending on the climate, soil, and temperature conditions. It's crucial to ensure that the plant has good drainage to avoid waterlogging which can lead to root rot. In periods of extreme heat or drought, more frequent watering may be necessary to keep the soil consistently moist. Reduce watering in cooler months when the plant's growth slows down.
LightRoman chamomile thrives best in full sun to partial shade. The ideal spot for this plant is a location where it can receive at least 4 to 6 hours of sunlight a day. However, in areas with particularly intense sunlight, especially in the afternoons, providing some light shade can help protect the plant from scorching.
TemperatureRoman chamomile prefers a temperate climate and does well in daytime temperatures ranging from 60 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit. The plant can survive minimal frosts and is hardy to temperatures as low as 20 to 30 degrees Fahrenheit. For optimal growth and flowering, maintain temperatures within this ideal range, avoiding extreme heat or prolonged cold spells.
PruningPruning is essential for Roman chamomile to encourage fuller growth and prevent legginess. Light trimming can be done throughout the growing season to maintain shape and encourage bushiness. The best time for a more significant pruning is in early spring or after the plant has finished flowering to rejuvenate it for the next season.
CleaningAs needed
SoilRoman Chamomile thrives in well-draining soil with a pH of 5.6 to 7.5. A mix of garden soil, peat moss, and perlite enhances drainage and aeration. Mulch to retain moisture and control weeds.
RepottingRoman Chamomile does not require frequent repotting and can be done every 2-3 years or as needed to refresh the soil and accommodate growth.
Humidity & MistingRoman Chamomile prefers moderate humidity levels but is adaptable to various conditions, making it suitable for most climates without specific humidity requirements.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Place Roman Chamomile in bright light and well-draining soil indoors.
Outdoor
Plant Roman Chamomile in full sun to light shade with good soil drainage.
Hardiness zone
4-9 USDA
Life cycleRoman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile) begins its life cycle as a seed, typically planted in early spring in well-drained soil and full sun. Germination occurs within 1-2 weeks under optimal conditions, whereupon the seedlings emerge and begin to develop their characteristic feathery foliage. As a perennial herb, it establishes a robust root system and foliage the first year, but may not flower until the second year, producing daisy-like white flowers with yellow centers throughout the summer. After blooming, the plant sets seeds that can be collected and dispersed to produce new plants. In the fall, the above-ground parts of Roman chamomile die back while the roots remain dormant through winter. Come spring, the plant regrows from the established root system and the cycle repeats, with the plant potentially living and reproducing for several years.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring-Early Summer
Propogation: Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile) is commonly propagated by division in early spring or autumn. To propagate this way, gardeners simply dig up an established clump of Roman chamomile and gently separate it into smaller clumps, making sure that each new section has a part of the root system intact. These divisions should then be immediately replanted in a prepared area of the garden that receives full sun or partial shade and has well-draining soil. Water the new plantings thoroughly after they are in the ground to help establish the roots. This is the standard method to ensure the plant retains its vigor and the offspring are true to the parent plant's characteristics.
