Chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum 'Pennine Oriel' (29a)
ABOUT
Chrysanthemum 'Pennine Oriel' is characterized by its vibrant and visually striking appearance, commonly referred to as simply chrysanthemum. It features a lush array of leaves that are typically deep green, providing a rich backdrop for the blossoms that it proudly displays. The flowers of this chrysanthemum are the most noteworthy aspect, with an intricate arrangement of petals that may remind one of a lavish pompom or sometimes a daisy, depending on the nature of the cultivar. The flowers themselves come in a sunny shade of yellow, often with a lighter center that radiates outward into a golden hue, giving the impression of a sunburst. Each flower is composed of numerous individual petals that are arranged in a way that creates a full, rounded shape, showcasing the plant’s ornamental charm. These petals may take on a spoon-like form, curling outward elegantly to reveal their delicate texture. Overall, the Chrysanthemum 'Pennine Oriel' exudes a radiant beauty, with its flowers offering a generous burst of color to any garden or floral arrangement where it is used. The plant’s blossoming occurs over a period that typically aligns with the fall season, making it an essential contributor to the autumnal palette in temperate gardens. It offers not only visual delight but serves as a source of food for pollinators during a time when other flowers might be scarce.
About this plant
NamesSynonyms
Garden Mum, Florists' Chrysanthemum, Hardy Chrysanthemum.
Common names
Chrysanthemum 'Pennine Oriel'
ToxicityTo humans
Chrysanthemums, including the variety 'Pennine Oriel,' contain several natural insecticidal compounds such as pyrethrins, which can be mildly toxic to humans if ingested. While they are generally not considered highly toxic to humans, ingestion can cause oral irritation, diarrhea, vomiting, or skin rashes in sensitive individuals. Handling the plant may also cause dermatitis in some people. It is advisable to avoid ingesting any part of a chrysanthemum and to wash hands after handling the plant to prevent potential skin irritation.
To pets
Chrysanthemums are toxic to pets, including dogs, cats, and horses. The toxic compounds present, mainly pyrethrins and other related pyrethroids, can cause vomiting, diarrhea, hypersalivation, incoordination, and dermatitis if pets come into contact with the plant. In severe cases, ingestion can lead to more serious symptoms such as tremors or seizures. It is important to prevent pets from ingesting any part of a chrysanthemum and to seek veterinary attention if you suspect your pet has consumed the plant.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
Yellow
Height
2-3 feet (0.6-0.9 meters)
Spread
2-3 feet (0.6-0.9 meters)
Plant type
Herb
Hardiness zones
5
Native area
Asia
Benefits
General Benefits- Ornamental Value: The Chrysanthemum 'Pennine Oriel' adds aesthetic appeal to gardens with its bright, decorative blooms.
- Extended Blooming Season: It has a long flowering period that extends from late summer into autumn, providing color when many other plants are starting to decline.
- Variety of Uses: Suitable for borders, containers, and as cut flowers, offering versatility in garden design and indoor decoration.
- Attracts Pollinators: The flowers attract bees and butterflies, which are essential for pollination in the garden ecosystem.
- Drought Tolerance: Once established, it can tolerate periods of dry weather, making it suitable for xeriscaping or regions with water scarcity.
- Ease of Care: Relatively low maintenance compared to other ornamentals, requiring minimal care beyond regular watering and occasional feeding.
- Hardiness: It is a hardy perennial capable of withstanding cooler temperatures and returning each year.
- Soil Adaptability: Adaptable to a range of soil types, though it prefers well-draining loamy soil.
Medical PropertiesThis plant is not used for medical purposes.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Photographic muse: The vibrant color and full bloom of Chrysanthemums can serve as a stunning subject for photographers, particularly those interested in macro photography.
- Companion planting: Chrysanthemums can be used in vegetable gardens to help deter pests due to their natural insecticidal properties.
- Natural dye: The petals can be used to create a natural dye for fabrics, offering hues ranging from soft yellows to deep golds.
- Biological insecticide: Ground-up Chrysanthemum flowers are sometimes included in natural insecticide recipes to target specific garden pests.
- Crafts and arrangements: Dried Chrysanthemum flowers are popular in dried floral arrangements, wreaths, and other craft projects.
- Culinary decoration: Edible varieties of Chrysanthemum flowers can be used as a decorative, colorful garnish on dishes and desserts.
- Art inspiration: The intricate patterns of Chrysanthemum petals are often used by artists as inspiration for designs and patterns in art pieces.
- Symbolic gestures: In various cultures, Chrysanthemums are given as gifts for different meanings, including longevity and joy.
- Tea flavoring: In some traditions, the petals of specific types of Chrysanthemums are added to tea blends for a unique flavor.
- Plant science education: Chrysanthemums can be used in educational settings to teach about plant biology, pollination, and the lifecycle of perennials.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe chrysanthemum is often used in Feng Shui to bring happiness and laughter into the home, symbolizing a life of ease. It is also believed to carry strong Yang energy. To use it according to Feng Shui, place the chrysanthemum in areas that require a boost in positivity or where relaxation and unwinding are desired, such as the living room or the family area. They are also used to promote a longer life and the joy of living, so placing them in the east sector of your space is said to enhance health and well-being.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe chrysanthemum is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Longevity: Chrysanthemums are often associated with long life and immortality due to their ability to bloom in the autumn when many other flowers have withered.
- Rebirth and Renewal: Their late blooming nature also symbolizes rebirth and the renewal of life.
- Loyalty and Devotion: In many cultures, the chrysanthemum is a symbol of commitment and fidelity, representing a steadfast nature.
- Happiness and Joy: Their bright and cheerful appearance makes chrysanthemums a symbol of happiness and positivity.
- Nobility: In some Asian cultures, the chrysanthemum is associated with aristocracy and refinement.
WaterMums, including the Chrysanthemum 'Pennine Oriel', prefer evenly moist soil, so it's important to water them thoroughly whenever the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch. Generally, this will mean watering about once a week, but this can vary depending on climate and weather conditions. Aim to provide around 1 gallon of water per plant for each watering session. Make sure not to overwater, as mums are susceptible to root rot if left in soggy soil. During particularly hot or dry spells, you may need to water more frequently to maintain consistent soil moisture.
LightMums like the Chrysanthemum 'Pennine Oriel' thrive in areas with full sun to partial shade. They perform best with at least six hours of direct sunlight per day. Ideally, place them in a spot where they can enjoy the morning sun and have some protection from the intense heat of the late afternoon.
TemperatureMums, including the Chrysanthemum 'Pennine Oriel', prefer cooler temperatures and can generally survive in temperatures as low as 32 degrees Fahrenheit and as high as 90 degrees Fahrenheit. However, the ideal temperature range for promoting robust growth and flowering is between 60 and 70 degrees Fahrenheit.
PruningThe Chrysanthemum 'Pennine Oriel' should be pruned to encourage bushier growth and more blooms. Pinch back the growing tips when the plant is 6 inches tall and continue to do so every few weeks until mid-summer. Stop pruning by early August to allow flower buds to form. Pruning also helps maintain plant shape and removes any spent flowers or dead foliage.
CleaningAs needed
SoilThe best soil mix for a Chrysanthemum, commonly known as mum, is a well-draining potting mix with ample organic matter. Aim for a soil pH between 6.0 and 7.0.
RepottingChrysanthemums should be repotted every one to two years to refresh the soil and accommodate root growth.
Humidity & MistingMums prefer a moderate humidity level, but they can tolerate a range of conditions, as long as they are not too dry or too wet.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Place in bright light avoiding direct sun; keep soil evenly moist.
Outdoor
Full sun to partial shade, protect from strong winds, even moisture.
Hardiness zone
5-9 USDA
Life cycleThe life cycle of Chrysanthemum 'Pennine Oriel', commonly known as Mum, begins with seed germination or vegetative propagation through cuttings, where roots develop and a small shoot emerges. The shoot grows into a young plant with a series of leaves, and as it matures, it develops a robust root system and fuller foliage. During the vegetative stage, the Mum forms a bushy structure and prepares for the flowering phase. Flowering is triggered by shorter daylight hours, typically in late summer to fall, and the plant produces vibrant flowers that attract pollinators. After pollination, the flowers can form seeds, which can be dispersed to produce new plants, completing the cycle. Once the flowering season ends, the Mum may enter a period of dormancy, particularly in colder climates, or it may wither if it's an annual variety, awaiting rebirth from new seeds or cuttings in the next season.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring-Early Summer
Chrysanthemums, commonly referred to as mums, are typically propagated through cuttings, a popular and reliable method for many varieties including the 'Pennine Oriel.' This is usually done in the spring when the plants begin to grow actively. One would cut a 4 to 6-inch long shoot (10-15 cm) just below a leaf node, strip off the lower leaves, and then dip the cut end into a rooting hormone. Afterward, the cutting is placed in a well-draining potting mixture and kept moist until roots develop. Once the roots are established, which generally takes a few weeks, the new mum plant can be transplanted outdoors or into its final container. This method maintains the true characteristics of the 'Pennine Oriel' variety, ensuring the new plant will be a clone of the parent.
