Cinnamon Fern Osmunda cinnamomea
ABOUT
Osmunda cinnamomea, commonly known as the cinnamon fern, features distinctively large, feather-like fronds that add an elegant touch to the environments where they thrive. The fronds are broadly divided into two types – the sterile fronds that are responsible for photosynthesis, and the fertile fronds that bear the plant's spores. The sterile fronds are a bold bright green and tend to arch gracefully outward from the center of the plant. The green fronds have a textured look, with numerous small leaflets running down each side of a central axis, giving them a slightly rough texture to the touch. These leaflets are oblong with subtly toothed edges, creating a serrated look along the sides of the fronds. In contrast, the fertile fronds distinguish themselves with their striking cinnamon color, from which the plant gets its common name. These fronds emerge from the center of the plant and stand erect. On these special fronds, the leaflets are reduced and modified to carry the spores, starting out green and turning to a cinnamon brown as they mature and the spores ripen. The resulting appearance is similar to a stick of cinnamon poking up amidst the sea of green. The base of the plant, from which the fronds emanate, forms a fibrous and rough-textured clump. The crown of the plant can give an impression of density and robustness, with old fronds sometimes persisting around the base and adding to the plant's lushness. When the fronds unfurl in the spring from their curled fiddlehead state, they reveal their innate beauty, with a spiral pattern that is admired by many plant enthusiasts.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Osmundaceae
Synonyms
Cinnamon Fern, Cinnamon Stick Fern
Common names
Osmunda bipinnata, Osmunda cinnamomea var. frondosa, Osmunda cinnamomea var. glandulosa, Osmunda cinnamomea var. incisa, Osmunda cinnamomea var. bipinnata, Osmunda cinnamomea var. parkeri, Osmunda parkeri
ToxicityTo humans
The cinnamon fern, commonly known as Osmunda cinnamomea, is not known to be toxic to humans. Therefore, there are no specific symptoms associated with its ingestion. However, ingesting any plant material could potentially cause discomfort or an allergic reaction, so it is advisable to avoid consuming parts of plants not meant for human consumption.
To pets
The cinnamon fern, known as Osmunda cinnamomea, is not considered toxic to pets. Similar to its effects on humans, there are no specific poisoning symptoms to be expected if pets ingest this plant. Nonetheless, it's generally recommended to prevent pets from consuming non-food plants as they could cause gastrointestinal upset or an allergic reaction in sensitive individuals.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Height
2-3 feet (0.6-0.9 meters)
Spread
1-2 feet (0.3-0.6 meters)
Plant type
Fern
Hardiness zones
3-7
Native area
Eastern North America
Benefits
General Benefits- Ornamental value: Osmunda cinnamomea, commonly known as cinnamon fern, has striking green fronds and distinctive cinnamon-colored fibrous fronds that add visual interest to gardens and landscapes.
- Wildlife habitat: Cinnamon fern provides cover and nesting materials for birds and small animals in its natural habitat.
- Soil stabilization: The extensive root system of the cinnamon fern helps to prevent soil erosion, especially in moist and shady environments.
- Wetland enhancement: As a species native to wetland areas, it contributes to the health and diversity of wetland ecosystems by supporting moisture balance.
- Ecological importance: Cinnamon fern plays a role in the larger ecosystem by supporting a variety of insects and organisms that rely on it for food and habitat.
- Education and research: Cinnamon fern is often studied for its unique reproductive cycle and can be used in educational settings to teach about fern propagation and life cycles.
- Cultural significance: The plant has aesthetic and cultural value in various indigenous cultures, where it might be used for ceremonial or decorative purposes.
Medical PropertiesThis plant is not used for medical purposes.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Cinnamon fern spores can be used as a flash powder in photography as they are highly flammable when dry.
- The fiddleheads, which are the unfurled new leaves of the cinnamon fern, are edible and can be cooked in a similar fashion to asparagus.
- The fibrous roots of the cinnamon fern have been used in the past for orchid cultivation as a growing medium.
- Landscape gardening often utilizes cinnamon fern for its dramatic foliage and ability to thrive in shaded, moist areas.
- Due to its size and structure, the cinnamon fern can be used effectively for erosion control in suitable moist habitats.
- Early American settlers used the cinnamon fern as a bedding material, as the fronds can create a soft, fragrant layer.
- The tall, upright fronds of the cinnamon fern are sometimes incorporated into floral arrangements for a touch of greenery and texture.
- In certain indigenous cultures, cinnamon ferns were used to construct temporary shelters and thatching for small structures.
- Some crafters utilize the dried fronds of cinnamon fern for creating natural art pieces or for adding a rustic touch to handmade paper.
- The rough, hairy stems and large fern leaves have been used to craft a natural insect repellent barrier when placed around seating areas in the garden.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe cinnamon fern is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe cinnamon fern is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Fertility: Osmunda cinnamomea, commonly known as cinnamon fern, often symbolizes fertility due to its lush and vigorous growth in damp environments, which are often associated with fertility and abundance.
- Protection: Folklore sometimes regards ferns, including the cinnamon fern, as having protective qualities, potentially due to their prehistoric origins and enduring nature.
- Eternal Youth: The unfurling fiddleheads of the cinnamon fern are reminiscent of new life and rejuvenation, often representing eternal youth or the cycle of life and rebirth.
- Secrecy: Ferns, in general, have been symbolically linked to secrecy and discretion, a concept known as the "Fern Seed" myth, which could extend to the cinnamon fern among other species.
WaterThe Cinnamon Fern, the common name for Osmunda cinnamomea, prefers consistently moist soil and should be watered thoroughly when the top inch of soil begins to feel dry. In general, watering once a week with about 1-2 gallons of water, depending on environmental conditions such as heat and humidity, is recommended. During the growing season in spring and summer, the plant may require more frequent watering, possibly twice a week. It's important not to let the soil dry out completely, but also to avoid waterlogging, which can lead to root rot.
LightCinnamon Fern thrives in dappled sunlight to partial shade. It's best situated in a spot that mimics its natural woodland habitat, such as under the canopy of larger trees or on the north side of buildings where it would receive filtered morning light and shade during the intense afternoon sun. Avoid placing it in full direct sunlight, especially in hot climates, as this can scorch the fronds.
TemperatureThe Cinnamon Fern does well in a wide range of temperatures, but it prefers a climate of 60 to 70 degrees Fahrenheit. It can survive minimum temperatures down to about 20 degrees Fahrenheit, but growth will be best when it's not exposed to frost. Protection from extreme cold is necessary, especially in winter, so consider mulching around the plant in colder zones to help insulate the roots.
PruningCinnamon Ferns rarely need pruning, and maintenance primarily involves removing old fronds that have turned brown to keep the plant looking tidy. Prune in late winter or early spring, just before the new fronds unfurl. This helps prevent any potential diseases and allows the plant to focus energy on the new growth. Pruning is not necessary for plant health but can improve the appearance.
CleaningAs needed
SoilThe cinnamon fern thrives in moist, rich, acidic soil with a pH of 4.0 to 7.0. A mix of peat, loam, and sand can provide the right conditions. High organic matter content is beneficial.
RepottingCinnamon ferns do not require frequent repotting; every 3 to 4 years is sufficient.
Humidity & MistingCinnamon fern prefers a high humidity environment, ideally between 60% to 80%.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Place cinnamon fern in humid spot with indirect light.
Outdoor
Plant cinnamon fern in shade with moist soil.
Hardiness zone
3-9 USDA
Life cycleOsmunda cinnamomea, commonly known as cinnamon fern, begins its life cycle as a spore released from mature fertile fronds. These spores germinate in moist, shaded environments to form a flat, heart-shaped gametophyte, which is the sexual stage of the plant. The gametophyte houses both male and female reproductive organs that, upon maturation, allow for fertilization. The fertilized egg develops into a young fern, called a sporophyte, which emerges from the gametophyte and grows into a mature fern. As the cinnamon fern matures, it produces distinctive fertile fronds that are cinnamon-colored and bear sporangia containing spores on their undersides. With the release of spores, the life cycle is complete, and new gametophytes can begin to grow, continuing the cycle.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring to Summer
Propogation: The most popular method of propagating the Cinnamon Fern (Osmunda cinnamomea) is through spore collection and subsequent sowing. Spores can be harvested when the sporangia on the undersides of fertile fronds turn brown and start to open, typically from summer to early fall. The spores should be sown on a moist, peat-based potting mix and kept in a warm place with high humidity, out of direct sunlight. A clear plastic cover can help maintain the necessary humidity. It is important to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged as the spores begin to germinate, a process that may take a few weeks to several months. Once the sporelings are large enough to handle, usually in their second season, they can be transplanted into individual containers or directly to their desired location outdoors.
