Daffodil Narcissus rupicola subsp. rupicola (13)
ABOUT
The plant under discussion, commonly known as the daffodil, is one of the many beloved harbingers of spring, revered for its beauty and vibrant blooms. This particular daffodil variety boasts a unique charm with its trumpet-shaped flowers that nod elegantly atop slender stalks, as if acknowledging an unseen admirer. These blooms typically present themselves in a cheerful yellow hue, which can range from a sunny, lemony tint to a richer, golden shade. Each flower is composed of a central cup or corona which is flanked by a starburst of petals that spread outwards, offering a lush, ornate display. The foliage of this delightful plant consists of slender, green leaves that emerge from the base, typically displaying a linear shape with pointed tips. These leaves frame the flowers and provide a contrasting backdrop that accentuates the daffodil's vivid colors. As a perennial, the plant resurfaces yearly to add its splash of color to landscapes, often signaling the end to the cold and barren season as it ushers in the renewal and growth of spring. Despite its delicate appearance, the daffodil is a hardy plant that can thrive in a range of conditions, proving resilient in the face of the unpredictable weather of its blooming season. The natural elegance and exuberance of these flowers make them a beloved fixture in gardens, parks, and wild settings alike, where they form captivating displays either as solitary specimens or when congregated in clusters, known as drifts, which paint swathes of vivid color across the landscape.
About this plant
NamesSynonyms
Rock Daffodil, Spanish Daffodil
Common names
Narcissus rupicola subsp. rupicola
ToxicityTo humans
The plant commonly known as daffodil, which includes the species Narcissus rupicola subsp. rupicola, contains toxins primarily in its bulbs but also in its leaves and stems. The main toxic components are alkaloids such as lycorine. If ingested by humans, daffodil bulbs can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and sometimes diarrhea. Severe poisoning is rare but can lead to more significant effects like cardiac arrhythmias, convulsions, and in extreme cases, can be life-threatening. It is important to avoid ingesting any part of the daffodil plant.
To pets
The daffodil, which encompasses the species Narcissus rupicola subsp. rupicola, is toxic to pets, including dogs and cats. The primary toxins are alkaloids, like lycorine, which are concentrated in the bulbs but also present in the leaves and flowers. If a pet ingests any part of the daffodil, it can experience symptoms including vomiting, salivation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and sometimes even more serious cardiac issues or convulsions. Ingestion of large quantities can be fatal, so it is crucial to prevent pets from accessing and eating any parts of daffodils.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
Yellow
Height
6 inches (15 cm)
Spread
6 inches (15 cm)
Plant type
Bulb
Hardiness zones
7
Native area
Spain
Benefits
General Benefits- Aesthetic Appeal: Narcissus rupicola, commonly known as the daffodil, adds visual interest to gardens and landscapes with its bright yellow blooms.
- Attracts Pollinators: The flowers of the daffodil attract bees and other pollinating insects, supporting local ecosystems.
- Easy to Grow: Daffodils are hardy and low-maintenance, making them ideal for novice gardeners and those seeking fuss-free planting.
- Spring Indicator: Daffodils are often among the first flowers to bloom, signaling the arrival of spring. Their presence can bring a positive psychological impact after the winter season.
- Erosion Control: The root system of the daffodil can help stabilize soil and control erosion in certain settings.
- Cultural Significance: Daffodils have a strong cultural presence, often associated with rebirth and new beginnings, and are used in festivals and celebrations.
- Naturalizing: Daffodils have the ability to naturalize, meaning they can spread and grow year after year, creating larger displays over time.
- Cut Flowers: Daffodils are popular as cut flowers for indoor arrangements, adding a splash of spring color to interior spaces.
- Companion Planting: Daffodils can be planted with other bulbs or perennials, creating a diverse and attractive garden display.
Medical Properties- This plant is not used for medical purposes.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Narcissus rupicola can be used as a natural pest repellent when grown in gardens, as some pests are deterred by the scent of narcissus flowers.
- The oil from narcissus flowers is occasionally used in perfumery, providing a rich and heady fragrance for luxury scents.
- Dried narcissus flowers can be incorporated into potpourri mixes, contributing an aesthetic appeal and a delicate aroma to a room.
- Because of its distinctive appearance, Narcissus rupicola is used in botanical illustration and plant photography as a subject, often highlighting its unique rocky habitat.
- In some cultures, narcissus flowers are used as a symbol of good fortune during celebrations and are sometimes given as gifts for special occasions.
- Narcissus rupicola is often planted as a companion plant in vineyards, as it is believed to encourage biodiversity without competing with the vines.
- The plant is popular for use in floral arrangements, particularly in springtime displays, due to its bright colors and seasonal availability.
- Agricultural research sometimes includes Narcissus rupicola in studies on plant resilience and adaptation to rocky, less fertile soils.
- Some gardeners use the structured growth habit of Narcissus rupicola to add vertical interest and textural contrast in ornamental garden beds.
- Ecological studies often use Narcissus rupicola as an indicator species to monitor the health of certain ecosystems, particularly in its native habitats.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiNarcissus is often associated with good fortune and wealth in Feng Shui. It is believed to bring positive energy, particularly when placed in the wealth corner of a home or business (the southeast area of a space), to promote prosperity and success.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityNarcissus is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Self-love: The name Narcissus is derived from the Greek myth of Narcissus, a young man who fell in love with his own reflection. Thus, the Narcissus plant is often associated with self-love and self-obsession.
- New Beginnings: Traditionally, Narcissus flowers are a symbol of renewal and the coming of spring, representing a fresh start or new beginnings.
- Hope: The Narcissus flower's ability to bloom early, sometimes even while there is still snow on the ground, has made it a symbol of hope and the persistence of life.
- Wealth and Prosperity: In some cultures, the blooming of Narcissus flowers during the New Year is believed to bring wealth and good fortune.
- Vanity: Due to the mythological association with the character of Narcissus, the flower also represents vanity and excessive self-admiration.
- Rebirth: The Narcissus is often associated with rebirth and resurrection, as it is a perennial plant that returns each year with a fresh bloom.
WaterThe common name for Narcissus rupicola subsp. rupicola is the Wild Daffodil, and it prefers consistent moisture during its growing season. Water the Wild Daffodil deeply when the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch, which may be approximately once a week, depending on the climate and soil conditions. It's important to avoid water-logging the soil, so ensure that the pot or ground has good drainage. During the dormant season, after the leaves have died back, reduce watering significantly. A general rule for an established plant could be about 1 gallon of water per week during active growth, adjusting as necessary for weather conditions.
LightWild Daffodils thrive best in full to partial sunlight. They can tolerate some shade but bloom most prolifically when they receive at least 6 hours of direct sun daily. Ideally, place them in a spot that gets morning sunlight and some afternoon shade, especially in warmer climates to protect them from intense heat.
TemperatureWild Daffodils are hardy and can withstand a wide range of temperatures. They can tolerate winter cold down to about 20°F and are comfortable in typical springtime conditions. The ideal temperature range for optimal growth is between 50°F and 70°F. Extremes in temperature, both hot and cold, should be avoided to maintain the health of the plant.
PruningPruning Wild Daffodils is mostly about deadheading spent flowers to encourage more blooms and prevent seed production, which can divert energy from the bulb. It is best to remove only the flower head and leave the stalks and leaves intact until they yellow and wither, as they are important for photosynthesis to feed the bulbs. This cleanup is typically done once blooming has finished for the season.
CleaningAs needed
SoilNarcissus rupicola prefers well-drained soil with rich organic matter. The best soil mix for this daffodil is one part loam, one part peat, and one part sharp sand to ensure proper drainage and fertility. The soil pH for Narcissus rupicola should be slightly acidic to neutral, ranging from 6.0 to 7.0.
RepottingDaffodil Narcissus rupicola should ideally be repotted every 2 to 3 years to refresh the soil and accommodate bulb growth. Repotting should occur after the foliage has died back, typically in late summer or autumn.
Humidity & MistingNarcissus rupicola, commonly known as the daffodil, thrives in moderate humidity levels, akin to its native mountainous habitat. Aim for humidity levels around 50-60% for optimal growth.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Place in bright, indirect light with cool temperatures.
Outdoor
Plant in autumn, partial sun, well-drained soil.
Hardiness zone
4-9 USDA
Life cycleThe life cycle of Narcissus rupicola subsp. rupicola, commonly known as the daffodil, begins with a dormant bulb that initiates growth in late winter or early spring. The bulb sends up leaves and a central flower stalk as temperatures increase. The daffodil blooms, producing a single flower per stalk that is characterized by its six petal-like tepals surrounding a central trumpet or corona. After flowering, the plant undergoes pollination, possibly by insects, leading to seed formation if the flowers are successfully fertilized. The foliage begins to die back as the plant enters a period of dormancy, conserving energy in the bulb for the next growing season. The cycle repeats each spring with the bulb producing new foliage and flowers.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring
The most popular method of propagation for the Narcissus rupicola subsp. rupicola, commonly known as the Daffodil, is through division of its bulbs. Gardeners typically divide daffodil bulbs in late summer to early fall, after the leaves have died back, but while the soil is still warm. To propagate, carefully dig up the bulbs and gently separate them, ensuring that each section has at least one growth point. Replant the bulbs immediately at a depth about three times the height of the bulb, which is generally 6 to 8 inches (15 to 20 centimeters). Space the bulbs about 3 to 6 inches (7.5 to 15 centimeters) apart to give each new plant enough room to grow. Water the newly planted bulbs well to help establish them. This method leverages the plant's natural tendency to produce offsets, ensuring that the new plants will be genetically identical to the parent.
