Common Hibiscus Hibiscus syriacus
ABOUT
Hibiscus is a deciduous shrub that can reach a height of 8 to 12 feet and a width of 6 to 10 feet. Its upright, vase-shaped growth habit gives it a graceful appearance in the landscape. The leaves are dark green, measuring around 2 to 4 inches long, and are ovate or lobed in shape.
The plant produces large, showy flowers that can be 3 to 4 inches in diameter, blooming from mid to late summer.The flowers come in various colors, including white, pink, red, yellow and purple, adding a vibrant splash to gardens and attracting pollinators.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Malvaceae
Synonyms
Rose of Sharon, Syrian ketmia, Shrub althea, Rose mallow, Althaea frutex, Shrubby althaea, Syrian hibiscus, Syrian mallow
Common names
Hibiscus syriacus L., Althaea syriaca hort.
ToxicityTo humans
Hibiscus is generally considered non-toxic to humans. The flowers and leaves of the plant are not known to be poisonous when consumed or handled. However, it is always recommended to exercise caution and avoid consuming large quantities of any plant material without proper knowledge or consultation with a medical professional, as individual sensitivities and allergies can vary.
To pets
Hibiscus is generally considered non-toxic to most animals, including dogs and cats. Ingesting small amounts of the plant material, such as flowers or leaves, is unlikely to cause significant harm to pets.
However, as with any plant material, it is best to prevent excessive consumption by animals, especially if they have a history of gastrointestinal sensitivities or allergies. If you suspect your pet has consumed a large quantity of Hibiscus or is exhibiting unusual symptoms, it is advisable to contact a veterinarian for guidance.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
Pink, red, yellow, white, purple
Height
Up to 12 feet
Spread
Up to 10 feet
Plant type
Shrub
Hardiness zones
4
Native area
Eastern Asia
Benefits
General BenefitsOrnamental Beauty: Hibiscus syriacus is widely appreciated for its stunning, showy flowers that come in a variety of colors, adding vibrant beauty to gardens, landscapes, and floral arrangements.
Attracts Pollinators: The large, attractive flowers of Hibiscus syriacus serve as a valuable food source for bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, contributing to the pollination of surrounding plants and supporting biodiversity.
Landscape Versatility: This shrub's upright growth habit and ability to tolerate pruning make it a versatile addition to landscapes, suitable for hedges, screens, borders, or standalone specimens, providing structure and visual interest.
Drought Tolerance: Hibiscus syriacus exhibits a level of drought tolerance once established, making it suitable for regions with limited water availability or during dry spells.
Low Maintenance: Once established, Hibiscus syriacus requires relatively low maintenance. It is generally resistant to pests and diseases, and regular pruning can help maintain a desired shape or size.
Soil Stabilization: With its extensive root system, Hibiscus syriacus can help stabilize soil and prevent erosion, particularly on slopes or areas prone to erosion.
Seasonal Interest: Beyond its blooming period, Hibiscus syriacus can offer interest throughout the year. Its seed pods can persist into winter, providing additional texture and visual appeal to the landscape.
Wildlife Shelter: The dense foliage and branching structure of Hibiscus syriacus can provide shelter and nesting sites for small birds and other wildlife, contributing to ecological balance in the area.
Cut Flower Potential: The long-lasting flowers of Hibiscus syriacus make it suitable for cut flower arrangements, allowing its beauty to be enjoyed indoors as well.
Medical PropertiesAntioxidant Activity: Hibiscus syriacus is known to contain various antioxidants, which help protect the body's cells against damage caused by harmful free radicals.
Anti-inflammatory Potential: Some studies suggest that certain compounds present in Hibiscus syriacus may possess anti-inflammatory properties. These properties may help reduce inflammation in the body, although further research is needed to confirm this effect.
Antimicrobial Activity: Hibiscus syriacus has shown antimicrobial properties against certain bacteria and fungi in preliminary lab studies. These properties may be beneficial in preventing or treating certain infections, but more research is required to determine their effectiveness.
Potential Cardiovascular Benefits: Hibiscus syriacus has been traditionally used in folk medicine for cardiovascular health. Some studies on other Hibiscus species suggest that it may have potential benefits for blood pressure regulation, cholesterol management, and overall heart health. However, more research is needed to confirm these effects specifically for Hibiscus syriacus.
Potential Diuretic Effects: Hibiscus syriacus has been used traditionally as a diuretic to promote urine production and help manage fluid balance. However, scientific studies specifically on Hibiscus syriacus in this regard are limited.
Air-purifying QualitiesHibiscus is not widely recognized for its air purifying qualities.
Other UsesNatural Dye: The flowers of Hibiscus syriacus, especially the darker-colored varieties, can be used as a natural dye. The petals can be boiled or soaked to extract vibrant pigments that can be used for dyeing fabrics, yarn, or even creating natural art.
Edible Petals: While not commonly consumed, the petals of Hibiscus syriacus can be used as an edible garnish. They can be added to salads, desserts, or infused in beverages for a pop of color and a touch of floral flavor.
Crafting: The dried flowers of Hibiscus syriacus can be used in various craft projects. They can be incorporated into potpourri, pressed and preserved in resin for jewelry or decorative items, or used in DIY candles and soap-making.
Natural Hair Care: Hibiscus syriacus is sometimes used in natural hair care products. The flowers and leaves can be brewed into a herbal tea or infusion that is believed to promote hair health, shine, and manageability.
Landscape Art: The large, showy flowers of Hibiscus syriacus can be pressed and used for creating unique artwork. They can be arranged and preserved in frames or used in collage projects to capture the beauty of nature.
Herbal Skincare: Some skincare products feature hibiscus extract or infused oil, which is believed to have soothing and moisturizing properties. These products may be used for facial care, body care, or even in natural bath and beauty recipes.
Natural Detergent: The mucilaginous properties of Hibiscus syriacus can be utilized to create a natural detergent. The leaves or flowers can be soaked in water to create a soapy solution that can be used for gentle cleaning tasks.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiHibiscus syriacus can be placed strategically in areas of the home or office to bring beauty, vibrant energy, and the symbolism associated with the plant. It is believed to attract good luck, love, and harmony. Placing Hibiscus syriacus in the east or southeast areas of a space can be particularly auspicious, as these directions are associated with growth, abundance, and creativity.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThere is no established correlation between this plant and specific zodiac signs in astrology.
Plant SymbolismSymbolism associated with Hibiscus can vary across cultures and contexts.
In general, this plant is often associated with beauty, love, and fertility. It can represent the delicate and transient nature of life, as its flowers bloom for a limited period. In some cultures, Hibiscus symbolizes peace, prosperity, and hospitality. The specific symbolism attributed to Hibiscus syriacus can vary depending on cultural interpretations and personal beliefs.
WaterHibiscus syriacus generally prefers regular watering, especially during periods of active growth. It is important to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.
Water deeply, allowing the water to penetrate the root zone, and then allow the top layer of soil to dry slightly before watering again.
The frequency of watering will depend on factors such as climate, soil type, and container size. As a general guideline, aim to water your Hibiscus about once or twice a week, adjusting based on the moisture level of the soil.
LightHibiscus thrives in full sun to partial shade. It prefers at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight per day to promote healthy growth and abundant flowering. However, it can tolerate some shade, especially during the hottest part of the day. If grown indoors, place the plant near a sunny window where it can receive bright, indirect light.
TemperatureHibiscus is known for its tolerance to a wide range of temperatures. It is considered hardy in USDA hardiness zones 5 to 9, which indicates its ability to withstand temperatures ranging from -20 to 20 degrees Fahrenheit.
However, it is important to note that extreme temperatures, especially prolonged freezing temperatures, can damage or kill the plant. Hibiscus syriacus thrives in moderate temperatures between 60 to 90 degrees Fahrenheit. Provide protection, such as mulching or bringing potted plants indoors, during freezing conditions to ensure their survival.
PruningPruning Hibiscus syriacus is important for maintaining its shape, controlling its size, and promoting vigorous growth. Pruning should be done in late winter or early spring, before new growth emerges. Follow these general guidelines for pruning: Remove any dead, damaged, or diseased branches. Cut back any crossing or rubbing branches to maintain an open and balanced framework. Trim the branches to maintain the desired shape and size of the plant. You can prune Hibiscus syriacus quite hard if necessary, as it responds well to rejuvenation pruning. To encourage more abundant flowering, selectively prune the previous year's growth back to 2 to 3 nodes from the main branch.
CleaningAs needed
SoilHibiscus syriacus prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. A good mix for this plant consists of a combination of loam, compost, and well-rotted manure.
This type of soil provides good drainage while retaining enough moisture for the plant's needs. Additionally, adding perlite or sand can help improve soil drainage. Aim for a slightly acidic to neutral soil pH level between 6.0 and 7.0.
RepottingHibiscus syriacus generally benefits from repotting every 2 to 3 years, or when the plant becomes root-bound in its current container.
Signs that a Hibiscus syriacus may need repotting include roots emerging from drainage holes or becoming tightly packed in the container. Repotting is best done in the spring, just before the growing season begins. Choose a pot that is one size larger than the current one, and use fresh, well-draining soil.
Be careful not to disturb the roots excessively during repotting to minimize transplant shock.
Humidity & MistingHibiscus syriacus can tolerate a wide range of humidity levels but generally prefers moderate to high humidity.
It can adapt well to average indoor humidity levels. However, if the air in your environment is excessively dry, especially during winter months when indoor heating is on, you can increase humidity around the plant by placing it on a humidity tray filled with water or by using a room humidifier.
Misting the leaves with water occasionally can also help provide a bit of moisture to the plant.
Suitable locationsIndoor
All year round
Outdoor
Can be grown all year round in the right climate
Hardiness zone
5-9 USDA
Life cycleThe life cycle of Hibiscus syriacus, commonly known as Rose of Sharon, can be described in several stages:
Seed Germination: The life cycle begins with the germination of the Hibiscus syriacus seeds. This typically occurs in the spring, around the months of March to April, when temperatures and soil conditions are favorable. Seeds can be planted directly in the ground or started indoors before transplanting.
Seedling Stage: After germination, the seeds develop into seedlings. During this stage, the young plants focus on establishing a root system and developing their initial set of leaves. Seedlings require consistent moisture and protection from extreme weather conditions.
Vegetative Growth: As the seedlings mature, they enter a phase of vegetative growth. This stage involves the development of additional leaves, stems, and branches. Hibiscus syriacus plants typically experience robust growth during the summer months, which can vary depending on the region but generally occurs from May to August.
Flowering Stage: The highlight of the Hibiscus syriacus life cycle is the flowering stage. This occurs in mid to late summer, typically starting around July and continuing through September. During this period, the plant produces large, showy flowers in a variety of colors. The flowers can last for several days to weeks, adding vibrant beauty to the landscape.
Dormancy: During late fall or winter, Hibiscus syriacus enters a period of dormancy. The plant sheds its leaves, and its growth slows down significantly. This stage allows the plant to conserve energy and prepare for the following year's growth cycle.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring - summer
Seed Propagation: Hibiscus syriacus can be propagated from seeds, which are typically collected from mature seed pods. The best time to collect the seeds is in the fall when the seed pods have dried and turned brown. Seeds can be sown in early spring, around March to April, either directly in the ground or started indoors. It's important to note that growing from seeds can result in some variation in flower color and characteristics.
Stem Cuttings: Propagating Hibiscus syriacus from stem cuttings is a popular method to ensure that the new plants retain the same characteristics as the parent plant. The best time to take stem cuttings is during the active growing season in summer, around June to August. Choose healthy, non-flowering shoots and take 6 to 8-inch (15 to 20 cm) cuttings. Remove the lower leaves, dip the cut end in a rooting hormone, and plant the cuttings in a well-draining rooting medium. Provide bottom heat and high humidity to encourage rooting.
Layering: Layering is another method of propagating Hibiscus syriacus, and it involves bending a flexible stem to the ground and burying a portion of it while it is still attached to the parent plant. This method is typically done in the early spring or early fall. Select a healthy and flexible stem, wound a section of it, and bury it in the soil, leaving the tip exposed. Once roots have developed, usually in a few months, the rooted section can be severed from the parent plant and transplanted.
PestsSpider mite, Whitefly, Scale insects, Mealybug, Aphid
DiseasesBotrytis cinerea, Root Rot, Powdery mildew, Leaf spot, Rust
