Dwarf Columbine Aquilegia flabellata var. pumila f. alba
ABOUT
The plant commonly known as the dwarf columbine has a distinct and charming appearance. It showcases a cluster of dainty, nodding flowers which are pure white in color. Each flower possesses a set of backward-pointing, petal-like structures often referred to as spurs, which are elongated and add an elegant and whimsical aspect to its overall floral architecture. The blooms are complemented by a bouquet of rounded leaves that are deeply lobed, giving them a somewhat fan-shaped appearance. The leaves have a soft, blue-green hue, contributing to the plant's delicate aesthetic. The foliage and flowers together create a subtle yet visually appealing display.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Ranunculaceae.
Synonyms
Dwarf White Fan Columbine, White Fan Columbine.
Common names
Aquilegia flabellata var. pumiloalba, Aquilegia pumila f. alba.
ToxicityTo humans
The common name for Aquilegia flabellata var. pumila f. alba is Dwarf Columbine. The plant contains several toxic compounds, such as cyanogenic glycosides, which can release cyanide in the body when ingested. Consuming parts of the Dwarf Columbine can lead to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. In severe cases, it might cause respiratory difficulty, seizures, or cardiac arrest. The toxicity level can vary, and sensitivity may differ from person to person.
To pets
Dwarf Columbine is also toxic to pets due to the same compounds present in the plant. If a pet ingests parts of the Dwarf Columbine, symptoms might include salivation, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Severe poisoning can cause tremors, heart issues, and in extreme cases, respiratory failure. It is important to prevent pets from ingesting any part of the plant and to seek veterinary care if they do.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
White
Height
1 feet (30 cm)
Spread
1 feet (30 cm)
Plant type
Herb
Hardiness zones
3
Native area
Japan
Benefits
General Benefits- Aesthetic Appeal: The Aquilegia flabellata var. pumila f. alba, commonly known as Dwarf columbine, adds visual interest to gardens with its unique, nodding white flowers and attractive blue-green foliage.
- Attracts Pollinators: Dwarf columbine is known to attract a range of pollinators, including bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, which is beneficial for the pollination of plants and the overall health of gardens.
- Low Maintenance: This plant typically requires minimal care once established, making it a good choice for gardeners looking for plants that do not require extensive upkeep.
- Drought Tolerance: After establishment, Dwarf columbine can tolerate dry conditions, making it suitable for water-efficient landscaping or rock gardens.
- Shade Tolerance: This variety can grow well in partially shaded areas where other plants might struggle, thus providing gardeners with an attractive option for less sunny spots.
- Wildlife Habitat: The foliage and flowers can provide shelter and food for insects and small animals, contributing to local biodiversity.
- Seasonal Interest: Dwarf columbine has a defined flowering season, typically in the spring or early summer, offering a burst of beauty when many other plants have not yet bloomed.
Medical PropertiesThis plant is not used for medical purposes.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Columbine (Aquilegia flabellata var. pumila f. alba) has been used in traditional fabric dyeing processes for its range of natural colors dependent on the mordant used.
- Ink Production: The petals of the Columbine can be crushed to produce a plant-based ink for art or craft purposes.
- Garden Design: Due to its elegant white flowers, it is used in moon gardens, which are designed to be enjoyed in the twilight hours when the white blooms reflect moonlight.
- Culinary Garnish: The ornamental flowers can serve as an attractive edible decoration on salads and desserts, though not commonly used.
- Photography Subject: The delicate form and color of the Columbine make it a popular subject for botanical photographers and artists.
- Educational Resource: The plant is sometimes used in schools or educational programs to teach about plant life cycles and pollination.
- Floral Language: In the Victorian language of flowers, Columbines are used to convey messages of anxious excitement, making it an interesting addition to specialized floral arrangements.
- Fish Pond Companions: The plants can sometimes be planted around ornamental fish ponds as they attract pollinators and enhance the natural ecosystem.
- Fairy Gardens: Due to their whimsical shape, Columbines are a favorite in fairy garden designs to create a miniature, magical landscape.
- Wedding Decor: The white flowers of the Columbine can be used in wedding bouquets and décor to symbolize purity and peace.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe Dwarf Columbine is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe Dwarf Columbine is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Strength: Derived from the genus name Aquilegia, which comes from the Latin word 'aquila' meaning eagle, it symbolizes strength as the petals are said to resemble an eagle's talons.
- Resilience: The plant's ability to grow in rocky and high-altitude environments represents resilience and the ability to thrive in challenging conditions.
- Purity: The 'alba' in its scientific name suggests whiteness, and the color white often symbolizes purity and innocence, which can be associated with this plant variety.
WaterDwarf Columbine (Aquilegia flabellata var. pumila f. alba) prefers consistent moisture, so it should be watered whenever the top inch of soil feels dry. Typically, this means watering about once a week, but frequency should increase during hot, dry periods and decrease during cooler, rainy spells. Apply water directly to the soil using a watering can or hose with a soft spray attachment, to avoid wetting the foliage, as this can promote fungal diseases. Provide about 1 gallon of water per square foot of soil per week during the growing season, adjusting as necessary based on weather conditions.
LightDwarf Columbine thrives best in partial shade, especially in areas that receive morning sunlight and are protected from the intense heat of the afternoon sun. An ideal spot would be under the light canopy of tall trees or on the north side of a building where the plant can receive bright, indirect light. Too much direct sunlight can lead to leaf scorch, while too little light can reduce flowering.
TemperatureDwarf Columbine is hardy and can tolerate a wide range of temperatures but performs best when the average temperature is between 60°F and 70°F. It can survive minimum winter temperatures down to -20°F, making it suitable for many garden zones without the need for winter protection. During the hot summer months, ensuring it's not exposed to temperatures exceeding 80°F for prolonged periods will help maintain its health.
PruningPruning Dwarf Columbine is important for maintaining plant health and encouraging new growth. After flowering, trim off spent flower stalks to invigorate the plant for the next season. Prune any dead or damaged foliage as needed throughout the growing season to keep the plant tidy and improve air circulation, which helps prevent disease. The best time for a more thorough pruning is in late fall or early spring.
CleaningAs needed
SoilDwarf columbine thrives in a well-draining soil mix comprising loam, compost, and coarse sand or perlite with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5 for optimal growth.
RepottingDwarf columbine should be repotted every 2-3 years or when it becomes root-bound to ensure continued health and growth.
Humidity & MistingDwarf columbine prefers moderate humidity levels but is quite adaptable and can thrive in average home humidity conditions.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Provide bright, indirect light and ensure soil drainage for dwarf columbine indoors.
Outdoor
Plant in partial shade with moist, well-drained soil for outdoor dwarf columbine growth.
Hardiness zone
3-8 USDA
Life cycleAquilegia flabellata var. pumila f. alba, commonly known as dwarf columbine, begins its life cycle as seeds that germinate when soil temperatures are adequate, usually in spring. The seedlings establish a rosette of basal leaves and a root system before entering a vegetative growth phase. As the plant matures and environmental conditions are favorable, typically in its second year, it will produce flowering stems that rise above the foliage and will bloom with white, bell-shaped flowers. After pollination, often by bees or hummingbirds, the flowers develop into follicles containing numerous black seeds. The plant then enters a period of dormancy during colder months, withdrawing energy back into the roots. The cycle recommences with the next growing season, as seeds from the previous year's follicles germinate or the established plant re-emerges from dormancy to produce new growth and flowers.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring to Summer
The Aquilegia flabellata var. pumila f. alba, commonly known as the dwarf fan-shaped Columbine, is typically propagated by seed. The ideal time to sow the seeds is in fall or early spring. Seeds can be directly sown into a well-drained garden bed or started indoors in seed trays. If starting seeds indoors, it's recommended to stratify the seeds by simulating winter conditions, which involves placing the moistened seed tray in a refrigerator for about three to four weeks. After stratification, the seeds should be kept at about 70 degrees Fahrenheit (approx. 21 degrees Celsius) for germination. It generally takes about 30 days for the seeds to germinate. Once seedlings develop true leaves and are sturdy enough, they can be transplanted outdoors after the danger of frost has passed.
