Sunset Muskmallow Abelmoschus manihot
ABOUT
The plant commonly known as the sunset muskmallow is a visually striking species characterized by its ornamental features. The leaves of the sunset muskmallow are notably shaped, with a form reminiscent of the palm of a hand, adorned with multiple lobes that extend outward from a central point. The lobes give the leaves a decorative, somewhat serrated appearance that adds to the plant's overall lushness. What truly sets the sunset muskmallow apart are its blossoms. The flowers are large and eye-catching with a delicate yet distinct appearance. They typically exhibit a soft yellow hue with a deep red or maroon center, forming a stark contrast that can resemble the setting sun, which is likely a contributing factor to its common name. This vibrant heart often radiates outward, with coloration bleeding into the yellow petals, enhancing the sunset effect. The petals are velvety, with a texture that entices both the touch and the eye. The plant's overall form is one of bushy exuberance, with foliage and flowers creating a visual display that is both tropical and inviting. Its appearance can add a dramatic flair to any garden or landscape in which it is situated, drawing the eye with its colors and shapes which are a celebration of nature's diversity.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Malvaceae.
Synonyms
Aibika, Sunset Hibiscus, Sunset Musk Mallow, Hibiscus Manihot, Sweet Hibiscus, Edible Hibiscus, Papeda.
Common names
Abelmoschus mindanaensis, Hibiscus manihot, Hibiscus pungens, Abelmoschus caillei, Hibiscus boninensis, Abelmoschus platidactylus.
ToxicityTo humans
The plant commonly known as Aibika (Abelmoschus manihot) is not typically considered toxic to humans. In fact, it is cultivated in various parts of the world for its edible leaves, which are used in cooking and are rich in nutrients. However, as with any plant, individual allergies or sensitivities could potentially cause adverse effects. It is always advisable to consume such plants with caution if you are not familiar with them, and to ensure that they are prepared properly, as some plants can have harmful substances reduced or eliminated through cooking.
To pets
Aibika (Abelmoschus manihot) is not widely known to be toxic to pets. This plant is cultivated for its edible leaves, suggesting that toxicity is not a significant concern. However, individual pets may have sensitivities or allergic reactions to plants that are uncommon or not widely documented, so it's always best to proceed with caution when introducing new plants into your pet's environment. If your pet does ingest Aibika and you notice any unusual symptoms, it would be wise to consult a veterinarian. Symptoms of plant toxicity in pets can vary but often include vomiting, diarrhea, drooling, or changes in behavior.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
Yellow
Height
5 feet (1.52 meters)
Spread
2 feet (0.61 meters)
Plant type
Shrub
Hardiness zones
9
Native area
Oceania
Benefits
General Benefits- Edible Parts: The leaves of the plant, known as Aibika, are edible and consumed in various cuisines, adding nutritional value to dishes.
- Nutrient-Rich: Aibika leaves are a good source of vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber, contributing to a balanced diet.
- Ornamental Value: With its attractive flowers and foliage, the plant is widely used for ornamental purposes in gardens and landscapes.
- Soil Improvement: The plant is known to help in soil improvement by adding organic matter when used as green manure or cover crop.
- Erosion Control: Its root system can help in controlling soil erosion, particularly in tropical regions where it is commonly found.
- Shade Provider: The plant’s large leaves and overall size can provide beneficial shade to smaller plants or to help keep the soil moist.
- Livestock Fodder: Aibika is sometimes used as fodder for livestock, providing an additional source of forage for animals.
- Cultural Significance: In certain cultures, Aibika is used in traditional ceremonies or as a symbolic plant, enhancing cultural heritage.
- Companion Planting: Abelmoschus manihot can be used in companion planting to benefit surrounding plants by attracting beneficial insects.
- Culinary Diversity: The versatility of Aibika leaves in cooking contributes to culinary diversity, offering different textures and flavors in dishes.
Medical Properties- Anti-inflammatory: Abelmoschus manihot has been used for its anti-inflammatory properties, which may help reduce swelling and pain in certain conditions.
- Antioxidant: The plant contains compounds that are believed to have antioxidant effects, helping to protect cells from damage caused by free radicals.
- Immunomodulatory: Some studies suggest that Abelmoschus manihot may influence the immune system, potentially enhancing immune responses.
- Antipyretic: Traditionally, the plant has been utilized to reduce fever, although clinical evidence for this use may be limited.
- Wound healing: Components in Abelmoschus manihot might promote wound healing due to potential anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties.
- Hypoglycemic effect: There is some evidence to suggest that Abelmoschus manihot may help in lowering blood sugar levels in diabetic patients, though more research is needed for conclusive results.
- Nephroprotective effects: The plant is believed to have protective effects on the kidneys, which might be beneficial for individuals with kidney-related ailments.
- Hepatoprotective properties: Abelmoschus manihot is thought to offer some degree of liver protection, potentially helping to alleviate liver disorders.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Textile Sizing: The mucilaginous extract obtained from the leaves of the Aibika is used as a natural sizing material for textiles, improving the strength and smoothness of yarns.
- Waste Water Treatment: Aibika’s root extract has the potential to be used in wastewater treatment processes to reduce turbidity due to its flocculant properties.
- Biodegradable Pots: Aibika fibers can be molded into biodegradable seedling pots that later can be planted directly into the soil without causing environmental waste.
- Natural Adhesive: The sticky mucilage from Aibika is sometimes used as a natural adhesive for paper and other craft materials.
- Food Thickener: In culinary applications, the mucilage from Aibika leaves can serve as a thickening agent for soups and stews, much like okra.
- Bioplastic Production: Extracts from Aibika might be utilized to produce bioplastics, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional petroleum-based plastics.
- Ink Binder: Aibika mucilage can act as a binder in inks to improve viscosity and print quality while being environmentally friendly.
- Cosmetic Industry: Extracts from the Aibika plant could be used as a natural moisturizer and emulsifier in cosmetic products.
- Erosion Control: When planted, the Aibika can help prevent soil erosion due to its extensive root system, making it valuable for ecological restoration projects.
- Animal Forage: The leaves of Aibika are high in protein and can be used as a nutritious forage for livestock, especially in tropical regions.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe Aibika is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe Aibika is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Resilience: Abelmoschus manihot, commonly known as the Sunset Hibiscus, is able to grow in tough soil conditions, symbolizing the ability to endure and thrive even in challenging environments.
- Beauty and Delicacy: With its delicate, attractive flowers, the Sunset Hibiscus is often associated with beauty and the fine balance of gracefulness, despite its hardy nature.
- Healing: Traditionally used in various cultures for medicinal purposes, the Sunset Hibiscus represents healing and the nurturing of health.
- Fertility and Abundance: The plant's vigorous growth and abundant foliage can symbolize both fertility and the lavishness of nature's bounty.
WaterThe Aibika, commonly known as Abelmoschus manihot, thrives with consistent moisture, so it's important to water it when the top inch of the soil feels dry to the touch. Typically, this means watering once a week, but this can vary depending on climate conditions and the plant's environment. Use enough water to moisten the soil thoroughly, which could be around 1 to 2 gallons for a mature plant in a large container or garden setting. Reduce watering in the cooler months to prevent oversaturation as plant growth slows down. Always ensure that there is good drainage to avoid waterlogging, which can lead to root rot.
LightThe Aibika prefers full sun to partial shade for optimal growth. The best spot would be an area where it can receive at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight each day, but it can tolerate some light afternoon shade, especially in hotter climates. Avoid placing it in deep shade as this can hinder its growth and flowering potential.
TemperatureAibika grows best in warm conditions and is suited to a temperature range of about 60 to 90 degrees Fahrenheit. It can survive minimum temperatures down to about 50 degrees Fahrenheit but should be protected from frost, as colder temperatures below 32 degrees Fahrenheit can damage or kill the plant. The ideal growing conditions are warm and humid without significant fluctuations in temperature.
PruningPrune Aibika to maintain its shape and encourage bushier growth. Cut back any leggy stems, dead or yellowing leaves, and spent flowers to promote new growth and improve air circulation. Pruning is best done in the spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing. Typically, pruning once a year is sufficient, but you can also selectively prune throughout the growing season as needed to remove damaged or overgrown stems.
CleaningAs needed
SoilThe best soil mix for Aibika, commonly known as Abelmoschus manihot, is a well-draining, loamy soil enriched with compost or well-rotted manure. The ideal soil pH for Aibika should be slightly acidic to neutral, in the range of 6.0 to 7.5.
RepottingAibika should be repotted every 2-3 years to ensure it has enough room to grow and fresh soil for nutrients. When repotting, choose a container a few inches larger in diameter than the previous one.
Humidity & MistingAibika thrives in moderate to high humidity levels, ideally between 50-70%. If the air is too dry, the leaves may become crisp; consider using a humidifier or placing a water tray nearby to maintain adequate humidity.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Place Aibika in bright, indirect light and keep soil moist.
Outdoor
Plant Aibika in full sun to partial shade, and water regularly.
Hardiness zone
9-11 USDA
Life cycleThe life of the Sunset Muskmallow (Abelmoschus manihot) begins with seed germination, which requires warm soil and occurs relatively quickly once planted. It proceeds to the seedling stage, characterized by the growth of its first true leaves after the initial sprouts emerge from the ground. As it enters the vegetative stage, the plant develops a strong stem and multiple leaves, preparing for the next phase of growth. The flowering stage follows, during which the Sunset Muskmallow produces its distinctive large, pale yellow flowers that typically bloom in the late summer. These flowers are followed by the fruiting stage where seed pods form that contain the seeds for the next generation of plants. Finally, the plant reaches maturity and completes its life cycle, which can happen within one growing season, as it is typically grown as an annual.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring-summer
The most popular method of propagation for the Sunset Hibiscus, also known as Abelmoschus manihot, is through seeds. This process typically begins in the spring as warmer temperatures facilitate germination. The seeds are first soaked in water for about 24 hours to soften the hard outer coating and encourage germination. After soaking, the seeds are sown in well-drained soil at a depth of approximately a quarter inch (about 6 millimeters), and spaced a few inches apart to allow for adequate growth. The soil should be kept consistently moist and in a warm, sunny location to promote sprouting, which usually occurs within a few weeks. Once the seedlings develop and reach a viable size, they can be transplanted to their final growing positions, ensuring they are spaced out sufficiently to accommodate their mature size.
