Black Lace Elderberry Sambucus nigra f. porphyrophylla 'Guincho Purple'
ABOUT
The plant known as 'Guincho Purple', is a striking variety characterized by its deep purple to almost black-colored leaves, which provide a dramatic contrast in garden settings or landscapes. As the seasons progress, the color of the leaves may transition, becoming greener in warmer months or when planted in shadier spots. This type of plant is also noted for its clusters of tiny cream-colored flowers that bloom in large, flattened bunches. These blooms can be quite fragrant, attracting pollinators such as bees and butterflies to the garden. Following the flowering period, the plant produces clusters of small, dark purple berries, which are often used in jams, jellies, and wines. These berries are also appreciated by wildlife, particularly birds, who feed on them. Overall, the 'Guincho Purple' is known for its ornamental foliage and its capability to provide color and life to a garden with its attractive blooms and fruit.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Adoxaceae.
Synonyms
Black Lace Elder, Elderberry, Purpleleaf Elderberry, Black Elderberry.
Common names
Sambucus nigra f. porphyrophylla 'Guincho Purple'.
ToxicityTo humans
Elderberry, specifically Sambucus nigra, has plant parts that can be toxic to humans. All parts of the elderberry plant contain a cyanogenic glycoside known as sambunigrin which can release cyanide, a potent inhibitor of cellular respiration. Eating uncooked berries, leaves, bark, or roots of the elderberry plant can lead to the ingestion of this compound, potentially causing symptoms of poisoning. Symptoms of elderberry poisoning may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, weakness, and stupor due to cyanide toxicity. Severe poisoning could result in more serious effects such as respiratory failure, cardiac arrest, and even death. It is important to note that properly prepared elderberry products like syrups or teas made from the flowers or cooked berries are typically safe to consume, as the cooking process destroys the glycosides that cause toxicity.
To pets
Elderberry is also considered toxic to pets, as it contains the same cyanogenic glycosides found in all parts of the plant which can release cyanide when ingested. The consumption of any part of the elderberry plant, including uncooked berries, leaves, bark, or roots, can cause symptoms of cyanide poisoning in pets such as vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and lethargy. In severe cases, ingestion can lead to more dangerous symptoms such as difficulty breathing, seizures, and potentially even coma or death. Similar to humans, the toxic substances are neutralized by cooking, so commercially prepared elderberry products that are heat-treated are generally not toxic. If pets consume elderberry, it is crucial to seek veterinary care immediately to address potential poisoning.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Purple
Flower color
Pink
Height
6 feet (1.83 meters)
Spread
6 feet (1.83 meters)
Plant type
Shrub
Hardiness zones
5
Native area
Europe
Benefits
General Benefits- Ornamental Appeal: Sambucus nigra 'Guincho Purple' is known for its attractive dark purple, almost black foliage and pink-tinted flowers, making it a striking addition to gardens.
- Landscape Versatility: It can be used in a variety of garden settings, including borders, hedges, and as a focal point in ornamental gardens.
- Wildlife Attraction: The flowers provide nectar for pollinators such as bees and butterflies, while the berries can attract birds, supporting biodiversity.
- Edible Fruit: The berries are edible when cooked and are often used to make jellies, wines, and syrups, adding a functional aspect to its use.
- Low Maintenance: It is relatively easy to care for, requiring minimal pruning and being resilient to many common pests and diseases.
- Tolerance to Varied Conditions: This plant can withstand a range of soil types, though it prefers moist, well-drained conditions, and is quite hardy in different temperatures.
Medical Properties- Traditionally used for its immune-boosting and antiviral properties, particularly in treating colds and flu.
- Contains flavonoids and antioxidant compounds which may provide anti-inflammatory benefits.
- Berries and flowers sometimes used in preparations to alleviate allergies and sinus issues.
- Diaphoretic properties of the flowers may help in promoting sweating, possibly aiding in fever reduction.
- Diuretic qualities attributed to the plant may support the body in eliminating excess fluid.
- Laxative effects have been noted in traditional uses of the bark and leaves.
- Topical use of preparations for minor skin wounds and irritations has been reported.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Dye Production: The berries of the European elder can be used to create natural dyes for textiles, yielding shades of blue or purple depending on the mordant used.
- Photography: The berry juice of European elder has historical use as a photographic negative stain in alternative photography processes.
- Insect Repellent: The leaves of the European elder, when crushed and rubbed onto the skin, may act as a natural insect repellent due to their strong scent.
- Garden Fencing: The mature branches of European elder can be woven to create rustic looking garden fences or supports for other plants.
- Woodwind Instruments: European elder wood can be used to make musical instruments such as flutes and whistles due to its soft and easily hollowed branches.
- Companion Planting: Planting European elder in a garden can attract beneficial insects that prey on pests, thereby protecting other plants in the vicinity.
- Leather Processing: The leaves and bark of European elder historically have been used in the tanning process as a source of tannin for leather softening.
- Educational Tool: European elder can be used in schools and educational programs to teach about plant biology, ecology, and the traditional uses of native plants.
- Culinary Garnish: The flowers or leaves of European elder can be used as an edible garnish on salads and desserts to add a unique flavour and visual appeal.
- Traditional Crafts: The flexible branches of the European elder are ideal for basket weaving and other traditional crafts.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe Black Lace Elderberry is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe Black Lace Elderberry is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Protection: The common name for Sambucus nigra f. porphyrophylla 'Guincho Purple' is Black Elderberry, and elderberries in folklore are often thought to ward off evil spirits. Many believed that planting an elderberry tree near the home could protect the inhabitants from negative energies.
- Health: Elderberry is widely known for its medicinal properties, particularly its immune-boosting effects. It symbolizes good health and well-being, as the berries are rich in antioxidants and vitamins.
- Prosperity: In some traditions, elderberry trees are associated with prosperity and abundance, perhaps due to their bountiful harvests when the trees are well-cared for.
- Wisdom: Elder trees are often seen as wise due to their long lifespan and the traditional uses in medicine and folklore. They can represent knowledge and insight.
- Rebirth: Elder trees can regenerate themselves quickly even if cut back severely, symbolizing resilience and the ability to bounce back from adversity, much like the concept of rebirth or renewal.
WaterBlack Lace Elderberry should be watered deeply but infrequently, aiming to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. During the growing season, watering once a week with about 1 to 1.5 gallons of water per plant should be sufficient. However, you should adjust the frequency depending on weather conditions, watering more often during hot, dry periods and reducing it when there's rainfall or cooler temperatures. It's important not to overwater, as this can lead to root rot. Ensure that the plant has good drainage to prevent excess water from accumulating.
LightBlack Lace Elderberry thrives in full sun to partial shade. The ideal spot would receive at least six hours of direct sunlight daily, though the plant can tolerate some shade, especially in the hotter parts of the day. Avoid heavily shaded areas, as this can reduce the vibrancy of the foliage color and the overall vigor of the plant.
TemperatureBlack Lace Elderberry performs best in a temperature range of 65°F to 85°F and can survive winter temperatures down to -10°F. It is hardy in USDA zones 4 through 7 and should be protected from extreme cold or frost which can damage new growth. Summer heat isn't typically an issue as long as the plant receives adequate moisture.
PruningPrune Black Lace Elderberry in early spring before new growth starts to maintain shape and encourage vigorous foliage. It can be pruned heavily if rejuvenation is needed or lightly just to remove dead or broken branches. The best time for a hard prune is every three to five years, which helps to promote more foliage and a denser form.
CleaningAs needed
SoilBlack Lace Elderberry (the common name for Sambucus nigra f. porphyphylla 'Guincho Purple') thrives in a well-draining soil mix rich in organic matter with a pH level between 5.5 and 6.5. A good soil mix can be made by combining loam, peat, and sand in equal parts to ensure proper drainage and fertility.
RepottingBlack Lace Elderberry does not typically require frequent repotting as it is usually grown outdoors. If grown in a container, repotting every 2 to 3 years, or when root bound, is sufficient to maintain its health.
Humidity & MistingBlack Lace Elderberry prefers average to high humidity levels but is quite adaptable to different humidity conditions when grown outdoors. It does not have specific indoor humidity requirements but should not be subjected to extremely dry air.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Position in bright light, keep soil lightly moist.
Outdoor
Full sun to partial shade, moist fertile soil.
Hardiness zone
4-7 USDA
Life cycleThe 'Guincho Purple' Elderberry begins its life cycle when a seed germinates, typically in early spring when soil temperatures rise. Upon germination, the seedling emerges, developing roots and a shoot that grows into a young plant with characteristic purple-tinged foliage. As the plant matures, it enters a vegetative stage where it experiences rapid growth, forming a bushy structure with leafy growth and woody stems. Following the vegetative stage, the elderberry reaches reproductive maturity, producing clusters of small, creamy white flowers during the late spring to early summer, which are highly attractive to pollinators. Upon successful pollination, these flowers develop into dark purple-black berries by late summer to early autumn, which are a vital food source for birds and can be harvested for human consumption. After fruiting, the plant goes dormant during the winter, with the cycle restarting with new growth in the following spring.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring-Early Summer
The most popular method for propagating Sambucus nigra f. porphyrophylla 'Guincho Purple', also known as Black Lace Elderberry, is by softwood cuttings. This is typically done in late spring or early summer when new growth is green and flexible. Cuttings should be about 6 inches long and taken from healthy, vigorous plants. Remove the lower leaves and dip the bottom end of the cutting into rooting hormone powder to encourage root growth. Plant the cutting in a pot filled with a mixture of peat and perlite, ensuring that at least two nodes are below the soil surface. The pot should then be placed in a covered environment, like a plastic bag or greenhouse, to maintain high humidity, and kept at a temperature of around 70°F (21°C). Roots generally begin to form within a few weeks, after which the new plants can be gradually acclimated to outdoor conditions.
