Canadian Poplar Populus × canadensis 'Aurea'
ABOUT
The plant commonly known as the golden poplar is a stunning decidoteous tree that is particularly noted for its distinct foliage. Its leaves are a rich, luminous gold or yellow, providing a vibrant splash of color in the landscape. The leaves are roughly triangular to diamond-shaped with serrated edges, creating a fluttering effect in the breeze. In the spring, the golden poplar showcases catkins, which dangle delicately, adding a textural dimension before the leaves fully unfurl. The bark of the golden poplar is grayish and can become deeply furrowed as the tree matures, providing winter interest even when the tree is bare. The branches are often arranged in a spreading fashion, creating a broad and rounded outline that contributes to its distinctive silhouette. Overall, the golden poplar is a visually striking plant that exudes warmth and brightness through its golden foliage.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Salicaceae.
Synonyms
Canadian Poplar, Robusta Gold Poplar, Yellow Poplar, Aurea.
Common names
Populus × canescens, Populus × generosa, Populus deltoides × Populus nigra 'Aurea'.
ToxicityTo humans
The common name for Populus × canadensis 'Aurea' is Golden Poplar. Generally, Golden Poplars are not considered highly toxic to humans. However, as with many plants, some individuals may experience allergic reactions or skin irritation from handling the leaves or sap. Ingesting parts of the plant is not advised, as the bark and leaves may contain compounds that can be mildly irritating to the stomach if consumed in large quantities, potentially causing gastrointestinal discomfort or diarrhea. However, there is limited information about severe toxicity or poisoning from consuming Golden Poplar, and it is not commonly associated with serious health risks for humans when touched or accidentally ingested in small amounts.
To pets
The Golden Poplar is not specifically listed as a toxic plant for pets. However, as with any non-food plant, consumption of leaves, bark, or any part of the Golden Poplar by pets could potentially cause mild gastrointestinal upset, such as vomiting or diarrhea. It is always advisable to prevent pets from ingesting plants that are not part of their normal diet to avoid any potential stomach discomfort or more serious complications if they were to consume a large amount of plant material. If you suspect your pet has ingested a considerable amount of Golden Poplar and is showing symptoms of illness, it is best to consult with a veterinarian.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Yellow-green
Height
40-50 feet (12-15 meters)
Spread
25-30 feet (7.6-9.1 meters)
Plant type
Tree
Hardiness zones
3-9
Native area
North America Europe
Benefits
General Benefits- Ornamental Value: The Populus × canadensis 'Aurea', also known as the Golden Poplar, has striking golden-yellow foliage, especially vibrant in spring, adding aesthetic value to landscapes.
- Shade and Shelter: This tree provides ample shade during hot summer months and can serve as a windbreak or shelterbelt, protecting smaller plants and reducing wind erosion.
- Habitat for Wildlife: The Golden Poplar serves as a habitat for various wildlife species, including birds and small mammals, which may nest or take refuge in its branches.
- Fast Growth: Golden Poplar is known for its rapid growth rate, making it useful for quickly establishing a landscape or for reforestation projects where fast coverage is needed.
- Noise Reduction: When planted in rows or groups, the poplar can act as an effective noise barrier, reducing traffic or urban noise pollution.
- Soil Stabilization: With its extensive root system, the Golden Poplar can help stabilize soil and prevent erosion in vulnerable areas such as riverbanks and slopes.
- Seasonal Interest: Throughout the seasons, the Golden Poplar changes color, providing visual interest in the landscape from the bright foliage of spring to the warm golds of autumn.
- Carbon Sequestration: Like other trees, the Golden Poplar absorbs carbon dioxide, contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere.
Medical PropertiesThis plant is not used for medical purposes.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- The wood from Populus × canadensis 'Aurea', also known as the Golden Poplar, can be used in the manufacturing of boxes and crates due to its lightness and ease of working.
- Golden Poplar branches can be used for biomass energy production because of their rapid growth and high calorific value upon drying.
- The tree can be planted in agroforestry systems as a windbreak or to prevent soil erosion because of its extensive root system.
- Golden Poplar is used in artisanal crafts, where its vibrant yellow wood can be turned into decorative objects or sculptures.
- Young shoots and twigs can be used for basket weaving, providing a unique color among the woven materials.
- Golden Poplar sap can be collected in small quantities and used in traditional glue recipes, though it is not a common practice.
- The tree's leaves can be used to create dyes or inks due to their color, although this is not a widespread use.
- Its fallen leaves are used as mulch in gardens and landscapes to provide nutrients as they decompose and to suppress weed growth.
- Golden Poplar can serve as a pioneer species for reclaiming and revitalizing disturbed lands, such as abandoned mine sites.
- Due to its majestic and colorful appearance, the Golden Poplar is often planted for ornamental purposes in large parks and estates.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe Robusta Poplar is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe Robusta Poplar is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Growth: The hybrid poplar, as a fast-growing tree, is symbolic of rapid growth and progression.
- Strength: Poplars, including the hybrid poplar, often symbolize strength due to their sturdy wood and their ability to withstand tough conditions.
- Resilience: The hybrid poplar's capacity to adapt to different environments makes it a symbol of resilience and flexibility.
- Unity: Since the hybrid poplar is the result of crossbreeding different species, it can represent unity and coming together of diverse elements.
WaterFor the Canadian poplar (Populus × canadensis 'Aurea'), water deeply but infrequently to encourage strong root growth. During the growing season, water the tree once every week with about 15-20 gallons depending on the tree size and soil conditions. Decrease watering frequency in cooler months to every two weeks or less, always adjusting for rainfall. Ensure that the soil drains well to prevent waterlogging. If you notice the leaves drooping or yellowing, this may indicate overwatering or poor drainage.
LightCanadian poplars thrive in full sun, so plant them in a location where they will receive at least six hours of direct sunlight each day. These trees are adaptable but perform best with ample sunlight, which contributes to their vigorous growth and golden leaf coloration. Avoid heavily shaded areas to ensure optimal growth and health.
TemperatureThe Canadian poplar is hardy and can tolerate a wide range of temperatures. They can withstand winter temperatures down to around -30°F and summer temperatures well into the 100°F range. The ideal growth conditions for the Canadian poplar are between 50°F and 75°F, where its growth is vigorous and healthy.
PruningPrune the Canadian poplar during its dormancy in late winter or early spring before new leaves emerge. Remove any dead, diseased, or damaged branches to maintain the tree's health and appearance. Pruning can also help shape the tree and prevent potential hazards from large overhanging limbs. Prune annually or as needed to promote good structure and air circulation within the canopy.
CleaningAs needed
SoilThe Golden Poplar thrives best in a soil mix composed of loamy, well-draining soil with a high organic matter content. The ideal soil pH for the Golden Poplar should be mildly acidic to neutral, ranging from 5.5 to 7.0. Amending garden soil with compost can help ensure proper fertility and texture for healthy growth.
RepottingThe Golden Poplar, being a hybrid poplar, is typically not repotted as it is a large, fast-growing tree. This tree is usually planted directly into the ground where it can spread its roots. Occasional root pruning may be necessary for container-grown trees if not planted out after a few years.
Humidity & MistingThe Golden Poplar is not particularly demanding regarding humidity, as it can adapt to a wide range of outdoor conditions. It performs well in average outdoor humidity levels and does not require specific humidity adjustments.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Growing Golden Poplar indoors isn't practical due to its large size.
Outdoor
Plant in full sun, provide ample space and water regularly.
Hardiness zone
3-9 USDA
Life cyclePopulus × canadensis 'Aurea', commonly known as the Golden Poplar, begins its life as a seed, typically dispersed by wind due to its lightweight and fluffy characteristics. Upon finding suitable moist soil, the seed germinates in spring, establishing a root system and a shoot that will become the sapling. As a fast-growing tree, the sapling stage is quickly surpassed as it develops into a mature tree with a broad, tall canopy and a sturdy trunk. Throughout its life, which can span several decades, it undergoes a yearly cycle of leafing out bright golden-yellow leaves in the spring, which darken over the summer, then turning a rich yellow before leaf fall in autumn. The mature Golden Poplar reaches its reproductive stage, producing catkins that subsequently release seeds, thus continuing the cycle. The life of the plant concludes when it succumbs to environmental factors, age-related decline, or disease, at which point it will decompose and provide nutrients back to the ecosystem.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring-Early Summer
Propogation: The most popular method of propagating the Canada Poplar 'Aurea', Populus × canadensis 'Aurea', is through hardwood cuttings. This is typically done in late winter before the buds begin to swell. Branches of two-year-old wood are selected, and cuttings are made approximately 8 to 12 inches (20 to 30 centimeters) long. Each cutting should have several nodes and be taken from healthy, disease-free stock. The lower end of the cutting is dipped in rooting hormone to enhance root development, and then it is inserted into a potting mix or directly into the soil where it is intended to grow. Adequate moisture is essential until the roots establish, which may take a few weeks. This method is favored as it is straightforward and usually results in a high rate of success.
