Paul's Scarlet Hawthorn Crataegus laevigata 'Plena' (d)

Names

• Family

  Rosaceae.

• Synonyms

  English Hawthorn, Woodland Hawthorn, Mayflower, Midland Hawthorn, Double White Thorn.

• Common names

  Crataegus oxyacantha 'Plena', Crataegus laevigata 'Rosea Plena'.

Toxicity

• To humans

  The plant known as English hawthorn is not considered highly toxic to humans. However, like many plants, certain parts of the English hawthorn may contain compounds that can be harmful if ingested in large quantities. The seeds are known to contain cyanogenic glycosides, which can release cyanide when metabolized. If ingested in large amounts, this could potentially lead to cyanide poisoning, with symptoms like dizziness, difficulty breathing, and an increased heart rate. The flowers, leaves, and berries, however, are often used in traditional medicine, and the risk of severe poisoning from these parts is generally low when consumed in moderation.

• To pets

  The English hawthorn plant is not typically considered toxic to pets. It is generally safe when pets come into contact with this plant, and there is no significant concern regarding poisoning. As with humans, the seeds contain cyanogenic glycosides that could be harmful if consumed in large quantities, potentially causing symptoms similar to cyanide poisoning, such as difficulty breathing, and increased heart rate. However, pets are unlikely to ingest substantial amounts of the seeds, and the risk of severe poisoning is low. Nevertheless, it is still wise to monitor your pets and prevent them from ingesting large amounts of any plant material.

Characteristics

• Life cycle

  Perennials

• Foliage type

  Deciduous

• Color of leaves

  Green

• Flower color

  White

• Height

  15-25 feet (4.5-7.6 meters)

• Spread

  15-25 feet (4.5-7.6 meters)

• Plant type

  Tree

• Hardiness zones

  4-7

• Native area

  Europe

General Benefits

• Attractive Flowers: Crataegus laevigata 'Plena' blooms with double white flowers, adding aesthetic beauty to gardens in the spring.
• Wildlife Support: Its flowers provide nectar for bees and other pollinators, while the berries can serve as food for birds.
• Disease Resistance: The plant is known to have good resistance to many diseases that commonly affect hawthorns.
• Seasonal Interest: Apart from spring flowers, it displays colorful autumn foliage and berries that can add visual interest in multiple seasons.
• Low Maintenance: Once established, it is relatively easy to care for, requiring minimal pruning and being tolerant of different soil types.
• Compact Size: Suitable for small gardens due to its moderate size when compared to some other tree species.
• Privacy and Screening: Can be used in hedges or as a standalone specimen to create privacy in a garden setting.
• Erosion Control: Hawhorns have a good root system that can help in stabilizing the soil and preventing erosion.
• Adaptability: It is relatively adaptable to various climates and can thrive in a range of hardiness zones.
• Cultural Significance: Hawthorns have a rich history and symbolism in many cultures, adding a layer of meaning for some gardeners or landscapers.

Medical Properties

• Cardiovascular support - It contains flavonoids and other antioxidants that are thought to have a beneficial effect on the heart and blood vessels.
• Antihypertensive - The plant may have properties that help reduce high blood pressure, though its efficiency and mechanism are still under research.
• Anti-inflammatory - Components within Crataegus laevigata 'Plena', may help alleviate inflammation.
• Antioxidant - It is known to contain antioxidants that help protect the body against damage from free radicals.
• Anxiolytic effects - There is some evidence to suggest that it may have a calming effect and could be used to help reduce anxiety.
• Digestive aid - It has been traditionally used to aid digestion and relieve stomach discomfort.

Air-purifying Qualities

This plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.

Other Uses

• Hawthorn 'Plena' branches can be used in floral arrangements, providing an attractive burst of greenery and flowers that can add texture and interest to bouquets.
• The dense thorny nature of Hawthorn 'Plena' makes it an excellent choice for creating secure, wildlife-friendly hedges that deter intruders while providing habitat for birds.
• The plant's fragrant flowers can be used in perfume-making or in aromatherapy as a natural scent, though this is not a common practice.
• The wood of Hawthorn 'Plena' is hard and dense, making it suitable for crafting small wooden objects like tool handles or intricate carvings.
• In some traditional crafts, the thorns of Hawthorn 'Plena' have been used as needles or pins for small-scale, delicate work.
• During certain festivals or cultural events, branches and flowers of Hawthorn 'Plena' may be used for decorative garlands or crowns, symbolizing spring and fertility in some cultures.
• The bright red berries produced by Hawthorn 'Plena', known as haws, can be used to make natural dyes for textiles or artwork.
• The plant can be included in wildlife gardens, as it offers a food source and protection for small mammals and invertebrates, contributing to local biodiversity.
• Enthusiasts of bonsai may use Hawthorn 'Plena' for creating miniature trees due to its attractive flowers and interesting branch structure.
• In some cultures, Hawthorn 'Plena' is seen as a plant with symbolic meanings and is planted in commemorative gardens or as part of spiritual or meditative spaces.

Feng Shui

Crataegus laevigata 'Plena', also known as English Hawthorn 'Plena', has thorns and can be considered to have protective qualities as per Feng Shui. It can be used near the entrance of a home to shield against negative energy, but should not be placed in areas where people might frequently walk by or sit, to avoid the aggressive Chi caused by its thorns.

Zodiac Sign Compitability

English Hawthorn 'Plena' is not used in astrology practice.

Plant Symbolism

• Hope: Crataegus laevigata 'Plena', commonly known as the Midland hawthorn, often symbolizes hope due to its vigorous growth and resilience.
• Happiness: Its bright flowers can signify joy and happiness, as well as the pleasure of being in the presence of loved ones.
• Protection: Historically, hawthorn trees have been thought to have protective qualities, warding off negative influences and providing a safe haven.
• Love and Marriage: In some cultures, the hawthorn is associated with love and the blossoms are thought to bring good luck in marriage and fertility.
• Renewal: The Midland hawthorn's abundant spring blooms represent renewal and the continuous cycle of life and nature.