Golden Hops Humulus lupulus 'Aureus' (f)
ABOUT
The 'Aureus' cultivar of the hop plant is a visually striking variety with its golden-yellow leaves that add a splash of bright color to any garden setting. Its foliage tends to have a somewhat heart-shaped appearance with a coarsely toothed edge, giving it a distinctive and attractive texture. During the growing season, the leaves provide a beautiful color contrast against the greenery of other plants. The hop plant is a vigorous climber, using its stems to twine and ascend upon supports or other vegetation. Adding to its ornamental appeal, this hop plant produces delicate, cone-like flowers. These are typically used in the brewing industry to add bitterness and aroma to beer, but they also contribute to the plant's ornamental value in a garden setting. The flowers emerge as light green, papery cones and may mature to a more subdued color as the season progresses. Overall, the 'Aureus' variety of the hop plant is cherished not only for its practical use in brewing but also for its bright foliage and appealing growth habit that can create a stunning visual impact in landscaping.
About this plant
- Names
Synonyms
Golden Hops, Common Hop, Hop Vine, Hops
Common names
Humulus lupulus var. aureus, Humulus lupulus 'Aureus'.
- Toxicity
To humans
Common hop, specifically the Humulus lupulus 'Aureus' variety, is generally not considered toxic to humans. It's most commonly known for its use in beer production. However, there can be rare allergic reactions or skin irritations if there is direct contact with the plant, especially for those working closely with it, such as hop farmers. It's generally not advised for humans to consume parts of the plant raw because it could potentially lead to gastrointestinal discomfort due to the plant's fibrous nature. In most cases, humans do not suffer from severe poisoning from common hop if accidentally ingested in small quantities.
To pets
Common hop is toxic to pets, particularly dogs, and should not be ingested by them. If a dog consumes hops, whether raw or spent from brewing, it can result in a potentially life-threatening condition known as malignant hyperthermia. Symptoms of hop poisoning in pets may include panting, high body temperature, seizures, vomiting, and restlessness. Immediate veterinary attention is essential if a pet consumes common hop, as the consequences can be severe and may even lead to death if not treated promptly.
- Characteristics
Life cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Height
15 feet [4.57 meters]
Spread
6 feet [1.83 meters]
Plant type
Climber
Hardiness zones
5
Native area
Europe
Benefits
- General Benefits
- Landscaping: The Golden Hop (Humulus lupulus 'Aureus') is often used for its ornamental value, as it can add a splash of color with its golden-yellow leaves to gardens and landscapes.
- Shade Provider: This climbing plant can cover arbors, trellises, or walls, creating shaded areas which can be beneficial during hot weather.
- Aesthetics: The plant produces cones that add a unique visual appeal, especially when contrasted with its bright foliage.
- Privacy: As a fast-growing vine, Golden Hop can be used to quickly create green screens that offer privacy and reduce noise pollution.
- Habitat for Wildlife: It can attract beneficial insects to the garden, such as butterflies and bees, which are important for pollination.
- Erosion Control: The dense growth habit of the plant can help stabilize soil and prevent erosion, particularly on slopes or banks.
- Soil Improvement: By covering the ground, it can help improve soil quality by retaining moisture and suppressing weed growth.
- Medical Properties
- Anxiolytic effects: Common hops are used for their sedative and calming properties, which may help alleviate anxiety and improve sleep quality.
- Estrogenic activity: The plant contains phytoestrogens that may have estrogen-like effects in the body, although their clinical significance is still under investigation.
- Antimicrobial properties: Hops have traditionally been used for their antibacterial and antifungal properties, which are attributed to compounds like humulone and lupulone.
- Analgesic effects: They may have pain-relieving properties, which can be beneficial in managing mild pain or discomfort.
- Anti-inflammatory action: Components in hops may help to reduce inflammation, which is beneficial in a variety of inflammatory conditions.
- Digestive health: Hops have been used to promote digestive health and alleviate gastrointestinal issues like dyspepsia or indigestion.
- Preservative qualities: While not a direct medicinal property, the preservative effects of hops have led to their widespread use in the brewing industry, which indirectly impacts human health by inhibiting the growth of spoilage organisms in beer.
- Air-purifying Qualities
This plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
- Other Uses
- Hop bine weaving: The long, flexible bines of the Goldings hop can be woven into decorative items or even hop bine wreaths which are often used in breweries or sold as rustic farmhouse decor.
- Insulation material: Dried bines and leaves from the Goldings hop have been experimentally used as a natural insulation material in green building projects.
- Natural dye: The leaves of the Goldings hop can be used to produce a natural dye for textiles, yielding colors that range depending on the mordant used.
- Garden trellis plants: The vigorous vines of the Goldings hop can be trained to climb up trellises to create natural shade or privacy screens in gardens.
- Livestock feed: Spent hops, a byproduct of the brewing process which still contain parts of the plant, can sometimes be used as a supplement in livestock feed.
- Erosion control: The robust root system of the Goldings hop can help stabilize soil and prevent erosion on slopes or areas prone to soil degradation.
- Fish composting: In some cultures, hop plants are used in composting with fish waste to create a rich fertilizer for crops.
- Photography props: The Goldings hop's distinct flowers and vines provide an interesting texture and greenery for botanical photography.
- Floral arrangements: Fresh or dried hop flowers can be used in floral arrangements, adding a unique look and subtle aroma.
- Event decoration: The Goldings hop's bines and cones are sometimes incorporated into decorations for events like beer festivals, harvest-themed parties or weddings.
Interesting Facts
- Feng Shui
The Golden Hops is not used in Feng Shui practice.
- Zodiac Sign Compitability
The Golden Hops is not used in astrology practice.
- Plant Symbolism
- Relaxation: Given that the common name for Humulus lupulus 'Aureus' is Golden Hops, and hops are well-known for their use in brewing beer, which has a relaxing effect on many people, they symbolize relaxation.
- Fertility: Hops have traditionally been associated with fertility and abundance because of their vigorous growth and abundant production when cultivated.
- Healing: Hops have been used in herbal medicine for their supposed sedative properties, thus they can represent healing, especially of sleep disorders and anxiety.
- Sleep and Dreams: Due to the sedative qualities found in hops, they are sometimes used in sleep pillows, symbolizing good sleep and pleasant dreams.
- Water
The Golden Hops should be watered deeply and evenly, ensuring the root zone is moistened. This plant prefers consistently moist soil, so during the growing season, it may require watering once or twice a week depending on weather conditions. As a general guideline, provide about 1-2 gallons per week during active growth. In hot or windy weather, more frequent watering may be necessary. During dormant periods in the winter, reduce watering significantly.
- Light
Golden Hops thrive best in full sun to partial shade. They should be planted in a location where they receive at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily. Partial shade is acceptable, particularly in the hottest parts of the day or in very warm climates to prevent scorching.
- Temperature
Golden Hops grow well in a range of temperatures, but ideally they prefer to be in conditions between 55°F and 75°F. They are hardy and can survive minimum temperatures down to around 20°F for short periods. The maximum temperature should not exceed 100°F for sustained periods as this can stress the plant.
- Pruning
Prune Golden Hops in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Pruning is necessary to control their size, maintain plant health, and encourage vigorous growth. Cut back old growth to about 1 foot above ground level. The best time for a thorough prune is just after the threat of frost has passed.
- Cleaning
As needed
- Soil
The Golden Hop needs a well-draining soil mix rich in organic matter. A pH between 6.0 and 7.5 is ideal for this plant. An optimal soil mix could be composed of two parts loam, one part peat moss or compost, and one part perlite or sand to enhance drainage.
- Repotting
Golden Hops are typically grown outdoors and do not require frequent repotting. If grown in containers, repotting every few years in spring can help maintain their vigor. Use a larger pot each time to accommodate root growth.
- Humidity & Misting
Golden Hops prefer moderate to high humidity levels outdoors, approximating 40-70%. They thrive in an environment that mimics their natural habitat with fresh air circulation.
- Suitable locations
Indoor
Provide bright light, ample water, and support for climbing.
Outdoor
Plant in full sun, provide a trellis for support.
Hardiness zone
3-8 USDA
- Life cycle
Humulus lupulus 'Aureus', commonly known as Golden Hops, begins its life as a seed that germinates in the spring when soil temperatures warm. It sends up shoots which evolve into bines that climb by twining around supports, exhibiting rapid vegetative growth and large leaves that are golden when young. As it is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate plants, only the female plants produce cones after successful pollination. These cones, known as hops, mature by late summer and are harvested for various uses, most commonly in flavoring beer. After cone harvest, the plant dies back to the ground in fall with the arrival of colder weather, retreating to its perennial crown and root system, which lies dormant through winter. Come the next spring, the cycle begins anew as new shoots emerge from the crown.
- Propogation
Propogation time
Spring-Early Summer
The common hop or Humulus lupulus 'Aureus' is typically propagated through softwood cuttings or by dividing the rhizomes. The most popular method is using rhizomes, which involves digging up a portion of a mature plant's underground stems in late winter or early spring just before new growth begins. These rhizome pieces should be about 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15 centimeters) long, with at least one bud present. The cuttings are then planted horizontally in the ground at a depth of about 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 centimeters), ensuring the buds are facing upwards. This method allows new plants to inherit the exact characteristics of the parent, ensuring consistency in the hop's traits, which is important for brewing purposes.