Bigleaf Hydrangea Hydrangea macrophylla 'Westfalen' (H)
ABOUT
The Hydrangea macrophylla 'Westfalen', commonly known as Westfalen hydrangea, is a flowering plant notable for its beautiful, large, and showy blooms. The flowers can be either mophead or lacecap types and are known for their ability to change color based on the soil pH. They can range from a rich blue to a vibrant pink or sometimes even a purple shade. The flowers are very attractive when in bloom and tend to be densely clustered, creating a striking visual impact. The plant's leaves add to its overall lush appearance with their broad, ovate shape and somewhat serrated edges. They are a deep green that serves as a lovely backdrop to the vivid floral display. The leaves are also glossy, contributing to the plant's ornamental appeal throughout the growing season. The Westfalen hydrangea has a bushy habit, forming a full and rounded shrub that looks lush and is often used in garden designs for its robust floral presence. The stems that hold both the flowers and leaves are sturdy, helping to support the weight of the large flower heads. In summary, the Westfalen hydrangea presents itself as a lush, rounded shrub with glossy green leaves and dense clusters of large, color-changing flowers that draw the eye and add a splash of color to any garden setting. Its aesthetic makes it a popular choice among gardeners looking to create a visual impact with their plant selections.
About this plant
NamesSynonyms
Westfalen Hydrangea, Bigleaf Hydrangea, French Hydrangea, Garden Hydrangea, Hortensia, Mophead Hydrangea, Lacecap Hydrangea.
Common names
Hydrangea macrophylla 'Westfalen' (H).
ToxicityTo humans
Hydrangeas, including the Hydrangea macrophylla 'Westfalen', contain compounds that can be toxic when ingested. The toxicity primarily comes from the presence of cyanogenic glycosides, which can release cyanide in the body upon digestion. Symptoms of poisoning from hydrangeas may include nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, sweating, diarrhea, lethargy, and confusion. In severe cases, ingestion can lead to respiratory failure, seizures, coma, and could be potentially life-threatening.
To pets
Hydrangeas are toxic to pets such as dogs and cats. The toxic principle is the same for pets as it is for humans, involving cyanogenic glycosides, which can release cyanide when the plant parts are chewed and ingested. Symptoms of hydrangea poisoning in pets can include vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, abdominal pain, and depression. In more severe cases, the toxicity might lead to increased heart rate, labored breathing, and could potentially be fatal if a large amount of plant material is consumed and timely veterinary treatment is not provided.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
Varies
Height
4-6 feet (1.2-1.8 meters)
Spread
4-6 feet (1.2-1.8 meters)
Plant type
Shrub
Hardiness zones
5-9
Native area
Japan
Benefits
General Benefits- Ornamental Appeal: Hydrangea macrophylla, commonly known as Bigleaf Hydrangea, provides aesthetic value to gardens with its large, vibrant blooms.
- Color Variety: The blooms come in a range of colors such as pink, blue, and purple, which can change depending on the soil pH.
- Long Blooming Period: Bigleaf Hydrangeas have a long flowering season, often from early summer to late autumn.
- Shade Tolerance: This variety of hydrangea can tolerate and thrive in partly shaded conditions where other sun-loving plants might not perform well.
- Attracts Pollinators: The flowers attract bees, butterflies, and other pollinators, supporting biodiversity.
- Versatile Landscaping: Bigleaf Hydrangeas are versatile and can be used in a range of landscaping designs from borders to focal points.
- Seasonal Interest: Besides summer blooms, the plant offers interest in autumn with its fading flowers and in winter with its persistent dry flower heads.
Medical PropertiesThis plant is not used for medical purposes.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Hydrangeas can be used as a natural pH indicator for soil and liquids; their flowers change color depending on the acidity or alkalinity of their environment.
- The dried flowers of hydrangeas can be crafted into beautiful wreaths or floral arrangements that maintain their color and shape for a long time.
- Pressed hydrangea flowers are often used in crafting and scrapbooking, adding a touch of nature to personal keepsakes and artworks.
- Hydrangea leaves can be used in compost as they decompose well, contributing to a nutrient-rich compost pile.
- Dye extracted from hydrangea flowers is occasionally used in fabric dyeing, providing soft hues of blues, pinks, or purples depending on the flower color and mordant used.
- Hydrangea shrubs can be strategically planted to provide a natural privacy screen or hedge in landscaping due to their lush foliage and dense growth habit.
- The wood of hydrangea stems, once dried, can be used for creating small woodworking projects or for crafting because of its fine grain and stability.
- In some cultures, hydrangeas are used as symbols in weddings or celebrations to convey heartfelt emotions or gratitude.
- The large leaves of hydrangeas can serve as a natural mulch, helping to retain soil moisture and suppress weeds when laid around the base of plants.
- Large hydrangea blooms can be used as a natural bowl filler or a centerpiece to add a pop of color to home decor without the need for additional flowers.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiHydrangea is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityHydrangea is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Heartfelt and Sincere Emotions: Hydrangeas often symbolize deep feelings of love and understanding, reflecting the voluminous, rounded shape of their blooms which can be seen as an outpouring of emotion.
- Gratitude: The abundance of flowers and enduring nature of hydrangea blooms are seen as a token of thanks, making them a perfect gift to express gratitude.
- Vanity or Narcissism: In some cultures, hydrangeas represent vanity or boastfulness due to their showy and extensive blossoms.
- Remorse and Apology: Some interpretations suggest that a hydrangea can signify an apology or a desire for reconciliation, possibly stemming from their lavish appearance suggesting an extravagant gesture of penitence.
- Perseverance: Hydrangeas are known for their ability to thrive in various conditions and to bloom robustly, symbolizing persistence and a hardy nature in the face of adversity.
- Fourth Wedding Anniversary: Hydrangeas are traditionally given on the fourth wedding anniversary to represent appreciation and enduring love.
WaterMophead hydrangeas like the Hydrangea macrophylla 'Westfalen' prefer consistently moist soil, so they should be watered thoroughly about three times a week during active growth in spring and summer. It’s important to adjust this frequency according to weather conditions, watering more often during hot, dry periods, and reducing frequency when it's cooler or rainy. Ensure the plant receives roughly 1 gallon of water per session, allowing the soil to absorb it without waterlogging. During winter, reduce watering to once a week or less, depending on the soil moisture. Always check the top inch of soil for dryness before watering.
LightMophead hydrangeas perform best in a location that receives morning sunlight and afternoon shade. The ideal spot for a Hydrangea macrophylla 'Westfalen' would be eastern exposure, where it’s guarded from the intense afternoon sun. Dappled light beneath a canopy of trees can also be beneficial, mimicking the plant’s natural understory environment.
TemperatureMophead hydrangeas are hardy and can tolerate a range of temperatures but thrive best when the temperature is between 65°F and 75°F. They can typically survive in temperatures as low as 5°F and as high as 95°F, although extremes can be damaging. The plant should be protected from sudden frosts and high heat waves that might harm flower buds and foliage.
PruningPruning Mophead hydrangeas like Hydrangea macrophylla 'Westfalen' is mainly done to remove dead wood and to shape the plant. It should be done in late winter or early spring, before new growth begins, but after the threat of the harshest frosts. This hydrangea blooms on old wood, so excessive pruning can reduce flower production. Annually remove only the dead or crossing branches, and if necessary, thin out the plant for better air circulation and light penetration.
CleaningAs needed
SoilThe best soil mix for a Hydrangea, commonly known as Bigleaf Hydrangea, consists of a combination of peat moss, compost, and garden soil that ensures good drainage and moisture retention. A soil pH of around 5.5 to 6.5 is ideal for Hydrangeas; this acidic range will encourage the plant to produce blue flowers, whereas a higher pH will lead to pink flowers.
RepottingBigleaf Hydrangeas should be repotted every 2-3 years to refresh the soil and accommodate the growth of the plant's root system. When repotting, it's important to use the right soil mix and a slightly larger pot to allow for continued growth.
Humidity & MistingBigleaf Hydrangeas prefer high humidity levels, ideally between 60-70%. Maintaining these humidity conditions is crucial for the plant's health, as it mimics the moist, humid environments in which the plant thrives naturally.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Ensure bright, indirect light and maintain moist soil for indoor Hydrangeas.
Outdoor
Plant in morning sun, afternoon shade, and keep soil moist for outdoor Hydrangeas.
Hardiness zone
6-9 USDA
Life cycleHydrangea macrophylla 'Westfalen', commonly known as Bigleaf Hydrangea, begins its life cycle when dormant buds emerge in early spring, with new shoots and leaves developing as temperatures warm. The plant enters a vegetative growth phase where it produces lush green foliage, which is followed by the flowering stage in early to mid-summer, where large, showy flower heads of pink, blue, or purple blooms, depending on soil pH, appear. After blooming, if pollinated, the flowers may develop into small seed capsules, although Hydrangeas are more commonly propagated through cuttings than seeds. As autumn approaches, the plant's growth slows and leaves may turn yellow and drop off; in winter, the hydrangea becomes dormant, withstanding cold by dropping leaves and retreating energy into its woody stems. Throughout its life, the hydrangea requires regular watering, pruning after flowering to encourage new growth and blooms, and some protection from extreme cold or frost. After several years, the shrub may become woody and may require rejuvenation through more severe pruning or propagation to maintain its vigor and flowering ability.
PropogationPropogation time
Late winter to early spring
The most popular method of propagation for the Hydrangea macrophylla 'Westfalen', commonly known as Westfalen Hydrangea, is by softwood cuttings. The best time for taking cuttings is in late spring to early summer when the plant is growing actively, and the new stems are still green and flexible. To propagate, cut a 4 to 6-inch segment from a healthy stem, making sure there are at least two to three pairs of leaves. Remove the leaves from the bottom half of the cutting, dip the cut end in rooting hormone to encourage growth, and plant it in a pot filled with a mix of peat and perlite. The pot should be kept moist and placed in indirect sunlight until roots develop, which generally takes several weeks. After rooting, the new Hydrangea can be transplanted to a more permanent location in the garden.
