Jerusalem Sage Phlomis fruticosa
ABOUT
Phlomis fruticosa, commonly known as Jerusalem Sage, is a plant recognized by its distinctive woolly, sage-green leaves that have a textured surface and are heart-shaped at the base, tapering to a point at the end. The leaves may have a silvery or velvet touch, providing a unique visual and tactile presence in the garden. During flowering season, visitors are treated to a bold display of yellow flowers, which bloom in tiered whorls spaced up the stem. The blooms have a tubular shape that's characteristic of the mint family, to which the Jerusalem Sage belongs. Providing a bold splash of color, these are often buzzing with pollinators like bees. The overall appearance of Jerusalem Sage is bushy with a rather informal and natural growth habit, making it a favorite in cottage-style or Mediterranean gardens. Its appearance is further distinguished by its stems, which can be seen protruding conspicuously from the shrubby foliage, giving the plant an intriguing skeletal look in the dormant season.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Lamiaceae
Synonyms
Jerusalem Sage, Phlomis, Mediterranean Sage
Common names
Phlomis fruticosa.
ToxicityTo humans
Jerusalem sage, the common name for Phlomis fruticosa, isn't widely reported as a toxic plant to humans. There is a lack of substantial evidence or common knowledge regarding the toxicity of Jerusalem sage when ingested by humans. It is always prudent to avoid eating plants with uncertain effects or without clear evidence of being edible. If you suspect poisoning from any plant, it's important to seek medical attention promptly.
To pets
Jerusalem sage, also known to pets as Phlomis fruticosa, does not have a well-documented profile of toxicity to domestic animals such as dogs and cats. There is limited information on the effects of this plant if pets ingest it. However, as a general precaution, it is advised to prevent pets from consuming plants that are not confirmed to be safe, as they could potentially cause gastrointestinal upset or more serious conditions. If you suspect your pet has ingested part of a Jerusalem sage plant and is showing signs of distress or illness, it is best to consult with a veterinarian immediately.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Evergreen
Color of leaves
Grey-green
Flower color
Yellow
Height
3-4 feet (0.91-1.22 meters)
Spread
3-4 feet (0.91-1.22 meters)
Plant type
Shrub
Hardiness zones
8
Native area
Mediterranean
Benefits
General Benefits- Aesthetic Appeal: Phlomis fruticosa, commonly known as Jerusalem Sage, adds visual interest to gardens with its woolly, silver-green foliage and bright yellow flowers.
- Drought Tolerance: It is well-suited for xeriscaping and gardens in arid climates due to its ability to thrive with minimal water once established.
- Attracts Pollinators: The bright blooms attract bees and butterflies, promoting pollination in the garden.
- Deer Resistance: The plant is resistant to deer, making it a good choice for gardens in areas where deer are a common problem.
- Low Maintenance: Jerusalem Sage is known for its low maintenance needs, as it requires little care beyond the occasional pruning to keep its shape.
- Erosion Control: Its root system helps to stabilize the soil, which can be beneficial on slopes or areas prone to erosion.
- Tolerates Poor Soils: It can grow in a variety of soil types, including poor and nutrient-deficient soils.
- Heat Resistance: The plant is able to withstand high temperatures, making it suitable for hot climates.
Medical Properties- Anti-inflammatory: Phlomis fruticosa contains compounds that may reduce inflammation and could be beneficial for conditions associated with inflammation.
- Antimicrobial: Extracts from the plant have shown potential antimicrobial properties, suggesting it may help in fighting certain bacterial infections.
- Antioxidant: The plant is known to possess antioxidant properties, which could help in neutralizing harmful free radicals in the body.
- Gastroprotective: There is some evidence that Phlomis fruticosa might have a protective effect on the gastrointestinal system, potentially aiding in the prevention of ulcers.
- Antispasmodic: The herb has been traditionally used to relieve muscle spasms and cramps, indicating antispasmodic capabilities.
- Wound Healing: Topical application of Phlomis fruticosa extracts might promote wound healing due to its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other UsesJerusalem sage can be used as a natural dye source, imparting a yellow or green color to wool and other textiles depending on the mordant used.
In garden design, Jerusalem sage is valued for its drought tolerance and is often used in xeriscaping, a landscaping method that reduces the need for irrigation.
The silvery-green foliage and yellow flowers of Jerusalem sage can be used in floral arrangements, adding a touch of Mediterranean flair.
Jerusalem sage is used as a companion plant in gardens, believed to help repel certain pests due to its aromatic properties.
Its dense and woody growth habit makes Jerusalem sage ideal for creating low hedges or borders in garden landscapes.
Jerusalem sage can provide habitat and food for beneficial insects, specifically attracting bees and butterflies with its flowers.
The leaves can be used to create a natural potpourri or as an aromatic herb in sachets, releasing a subtle fragrance when dried.
Due to its robust nature, Jerusalem sage is often planted for soil stabilization on slopes or areas prone to erosion.
It can serve as a focal point in rock gardens, complementing the texture and form of alpine plants and stones.
Jerusalem sage's woody stems can be used in crafts for making small items like decorative wreaths or as part of rustic art projects.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiJerusalem Sage is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityJerusalem Sage is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Resilience: Phlomis fruticosa, commonly known as Jerusalem Sage, is known for its ability to survive in tough conditions and poor soils, symbolizing the ability to thrive amidst adversity.
- Protection: With its sturdy structure and evergreen nature, Jerusalem Sage represents safety and protection, akin to a steadfast guard.
- Perseverance: As a plant that can withstand long periods without water, Jerusalem Sage exemplifies endurance and the spirit of perseverance.
- Wisdom: The name 'Sage' associates the plant with wisdom and the historical use of sage plants in medicine and culinary arts.
- Healing: Jerusalem Sage is valued for its medicinal properties and thus symbolizes healing and the nurturing of health.
WaterJerusalem sage needs moderate watering during the growing season. During spring through fall, provide about 1 inch of water per week, depending on weather conditions. Make sure the soil dries out between waterings to avoid waterlogging, as too much moisture can lead to root rot. Reduce watering in the winter when the plant is dormant. A good method is to water deeply, allowing the water to penetrate several inches into the soil, which encourages deep root growth.
LightJerusalem sage prefers full sun to part shade, with at least six hours of direct sunlight per day. The best spot for the plant is in an area that receives morning sunlight and partial afternoon shade, especially in hotter climates, to prevent scorching. However, the plant is adaptable and can also thrive in areas that receive light shade throughout the day.
TemperatureJerusalem sage thrives in a temperature range between 50°F to 80°F. The plant can tolerate temperatures down to about 20°F without significant damage, making it suitable for a range of climates. Avoid exposing Jerusalem sage to temperatures below 20°F as it may not survive severe frosts. Ideal growing conditions include warm summers and mild winters.
PruningPrune Jerusalem sage to maintain its shape and promote healthier, bushier growth. Pruning is best done in the early spring before new growth starts. Cut back the previous year's growth by about one-third to encourage new shoots. Deadheading, or removing spent flowers, will also prolong the blooming period.
CleaningAs needed
SoilJerusalem Sage thrives in well-draining soil with added gravel or sand to increase drainage; it prefers a soil pH range of 6.5 to 7.5.
RepottingJerusalem Sage doesn't require frequent repotting and can be done every 2-3 years, or as needed when the plant outgrows its pot.
Humidity & MistingJerusalem Sage is drought-tolerant and prefers a dry to moderate humidity environment, tolerating low humidity levels well.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Place in bright light, low humidity, and ensure good air circulation.
Outdoor
Plant in full sun, well-draining soil, protect from severe frost.
Hardiness zone
7-10 USDA
Life cyclePhlomis fruticosa, commonly known as Jerusalem sage, begins its life cycle when its seeds germinate in the spring, given adequate warmth and moisture. Seedlings emerge and establish a root system before sending up shoots that develop into a woody-based perennial structure. In the first year, the plant focuses on vegetative growth, forming a mound of oval, sage-like leaves. By the second year and subsequent years, Jerusalem sage enters the reproductive stage, producing tall spikes of yellow, hooded flowers in late spring to early summer that are attractive to bees and other pollinators. Following pollination, the plant produces small nutlets that fall to the ground and can germinate to create new plants, allowing the cycle to begin anew. Throughout the year, Phlomis fruticosa experiences periods of growth in the spring and summer, followed by dormancy in the fall and winter when it may shed some leaves but generally remains evergreen in mild climates.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring-Early Summer
The most popular method of propagating Jerusalem Sage, the common name for Phlomis fruticosa, is through semi-ripe cuttings. This process is typically done in late summer. To do this, a gardener would select healthy stems and cut a piece around 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15 centimeters) in length, making sure that each cutting has at least a couple of leaves. The lower leaves are stripped off, and the cut end is often dipped in rooting hormone to facilitate growth. The cutting is then planted in a well-draining soil mix, ideally in a pot that allows for careful monitoring of moisture. The pot is placed in a warm spot with indirect light until roots have established, after which it can be transplanted into the garden.
