Lesser Calamint Calamintha nepeta
ABOUT
Calamintha nepeta, commonly known as lesser calamint, is a perennial herb that is highly valued in gardens for its aromatic foliage and profusion of flowers. The plant typically has a bushy habit, with numerous upright stems that branch generously, creating a rounded and lush appearance. The leaves of the lesser calamint are small, oval to rounded, and possess a fine texture. They are green, often with a slightly grayish tinge, and exude a pleasant minty fragrance when crushed. The charm of this plant is further accentuated by its small, tubular flowers that cluster in dense whorls at the stem tips. These blooms are typically light lavender to white and are known to attract bees, butterflies, and other pollinators. The blooming period can be quite extended, often lasting from early summer until the first frosts of autumn. Overall, the appearance of lesser calamint is delicate and airy, inviting close inspection to appreciate its fragrant leaves and pollinator-friendly blossoms that contribute to the aesthetic and ecological value of gardens and landscapes where it is planted.
About this plant
NamesSynonyms
Calamint, Lesser Calamint, Nepeta Calamint, Calament, Mountain Balm, Basil Thyme.
Common names
Calamintha nepeta subsp. glandulosa, Calamintha umbrosa, Clinopodium nepeta, Melissa nepeta, Satureja calamintha, Satureja nepeta.
ToxicityTo humans
Lesser Calamint (Calamintha nepeta) is generally considered non-toxic to humans. There are no well-documented cases of poisoning from ingestion of this plant, and it is sometimes used as a culinary herb or in traditional medicine. However, as with any plant, individual allergies or sensitivities could potentially cause adverse reactions. If a person ingests a large quantity and experiences symptoms such as gastrointestinal upset or an allergic reaction, it is advisable to seek medical attention.
To pets
Lesser Calamint is generally considered non-toxic to pets as well. There are no significant reports of toxicity in pets such as dogs and cats from ingesting this plant. It is not known to contain any toxic compounds that would cause serious harm to pets. However, it is always possible for an individual animal to have a sensitivity or allergic reaction to a plant that is generally considered safe, in which case you should consult with a veterinarian if you observe any adverse reactions in your pet after contact with the plant.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
Lavender
Height
1-2 feet (30-60 cm)
Spread
1-2 feet (30-60 cm)
Plant type
Herb
Hardiness zones
5
Native area
Mediterranean
Benefits
General Benefits- Attracts Pollinators: Calamintha nepeta, commonly known as Lesser Calamint, is known to attract bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects, supporting local ecosystems.
- Drought Tolerant: Once established, Lesser Calamint is highly drought resistant, which makes it a good choice for xeriscaping or dry gardens.
- Herbal Cuisine: The leaves of the plant are aromatic and can be used as a seasoning in cooking, similar to mint or oregano.
- Ornamental Use: With its small, delicate flowers and attractive foliage, Lesser Calamint is a popular choice for ornamental gardens.
- Low Maintenance: It is relatively easy to care for, requiring minimal upkeep once established in an appropriate setting.
- Ground Coverage: The plant can serve as an effective ground cover, reducing soil erosion and suppressing weed growth.
Medical Properties- Anti-inflammatory: Calamintha nepeta has been traditionally used for its potential anti-inflammatory properties.
- Antispasmodic: The plant may possess antispasmodic effects, helping to relieve muscle spasms and cramps.
- Carminative: It has been used to alleviate digestive issues such as gas and bloating due to its carminative action.
- Expectorant: Calamintha nepeta has been used to aid in clearing mucus from the respiratory tract.
- Diaphoretic: The plant has been used to induce sweating and help reduce fevers.
- Antimicrobial: There may be components within Calamintha nepeta that exhibit antibacterial and antifungal activity.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Insect Repellent: Calamintha nepeta can be planted in gardens to naturally deter insect pests without the use of chemicals.
- Culinary Flavoring: Leaves of the lesser calamint may be used in cooking to impart a minty flavor to dishes, though it’s much less common than other mint family herbs.
- Ornamental Plant: With its delicate blooms, lesser calamint can be used in landscaping for ornamental purposes, adding aesthetic value to garden beds and borders.
- Companion Planting: This plant can be used in vegetable gardens as a companion plant to help attract beneficial insects that predate on pests.
- Herbal Bath: The aromatic leaves of the lesser calamint can be added to bathwater for a fragrant, relaxing experience.
- Perfumery: The essential oil of lesser calamint, though not as common as other mints, can be used in making natural perfumes.
- Aromatherapy: The scent of lesser calamint can be used in aromatherapy to create a calming environment.
- Floral Arrangements: Fresh or dried, the flowers of the lesser calamint can be used in floral arrangements for their appearance and fragrance.
- Tea Flavoring: Dried leaves may be used to flavor teas, although this is an atypical use compared to more traditional tea herbs.
- Potpourri: Dried leaves and flowers can be included in potpourri mixes to add a refreshing scent to rooms.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe Lesser Calamint is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe Lesser Calamint is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Affection: Calamintha nepeta, commonly known as Lesser Calamint, has historically been used to symbolize warm affection, possibly due to its cozy and pleasant fragrance which can create a comforting atmosphere.
- Good Health: In traditional herbal medicine, the Lesser Calamint has been associated with promoting good health and well-being, thanks to its medicinal properties that include digestive and calming effects.
- Happiness: The delicate purple flowers of the Lesser Calamint are often associated with happiness, reflecting the light-hearted and cheerful energy the plant seems to exude in a garden setting.
WaterThe Lesser Calamint should be watered deeply but infrequently, allowing the soil to dry out between waterings to mimic natural conditions, generally requiring watering once a week. During the active growing season in spring and summer, you may need to increase the frequency to twice a week if the weather is particularly dry or hot. Ensure each watering thoroughly saturates the soil to a depth of several inches; depending on the size of the plant, this may translate to around 1 to 2 gallons per plant. In cooler months, reduce the watering amount and frequency, as the plant's water requirements decrease.
LightLesser Calamint thrives best in full sun to partial shade conditions, benefiting from at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily. Planting it in a spot that receives morning sun and dappled afternoon shade can be particularly beneficial, especially in locations with very hot summers.
TemperatureLesser Calamint is a hardy perennial that can withstand temperatures as low as 5°F and as high as 90°F, but it thrives in a more moderate range. The ideal growing temperature for this plant is between 60°F and 70°F. It is well-adapted to handle the temperature variations of temperate climates.
PruningPruning Lesser Calamint helps to maintain its shape, encourage denser growth, and remove any spent flowers to promote continuous blooming. The best time to prune is in early spring before new growth begins, and again after the first flush of flowers diminishes, usually in midsummer. Prune lightly, removing only about a third of the plant's height, to encourage a second round of blossoms.
CleaningAs needed
SoilLesser Calamint (Calamintha nepeta) thrives in well-draining soil with a pH range from neutral to slightly alkaline. A good mix would be equal parts garden soil, peat, and perlite or sand to ensure it drains well while retaining some moisture. To nourish the plant, organic compost or a balanced, slow-release fertilizer can be incorporated into the mix. Regular checking of pH is recommended, maintaining it around 7.0 for optimal growth.
RepottingLesser Calamint (Calamintha nepeta) does not require frequent repotting; it should be repotted every 2-3 years or when it's clearly outgrowing its current pot. It's best to repot in the spring just before new growth begins, using fresh soil mix to refresh the nutrients.
Humidity & MistingLesser Calamint (Calamintha nepeta) is adaptable and doesn't require high humidity levels to thrive, preferring average room humidity. It can tolerate dry air, but it's beneficial to maintain a level around 40-50% if possible for optimal health.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Ensure bright light, infrequent watering.
Outdoor
Full sun to partial shade, well-draining soil.
Hardiness zone
5-9 USDA
Life cycleCalamintha nepeta, commonly known as Lesser Calamint, begins its life cycle with seed germination, typically occurring in spring when soil temperatures warm. Seedlings establish a root system and produce a rosette of leaves at the soil surface. As the plant matures, it develops upright stems and a bushy form, producing square stems typical of the mint family, with opposite leaves. Flowering occurs in summer to early fall; small, delicate flowers ranging from white to lavender attract pollinators, leading to the production of seeds. After pollination, seeds are formed in tiny nutlets and dispersed, often by wind or animal activity. In late fall to winter, the plant dies back to the ground in colder climates or remains semi-evergreen in milder regions, completing its life cycle, but it can regrow from the root system or self-sow the following spring.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring to summer
The most popular method of propagation for Calamintha nepeta, commonly known as Lesser Calamint, is by seed. Sowing can be done in early spring, either directly in the garden where temperatures are mild or indoors in seed trays if the climate is still cool. To improve germination, seeds should be surface-sown onto well-draining soil, as they require light to germinate. Keep the soil moist but not waterlogged, and at a temperature of approximately 70 degrees Fahrenheit (about 21 degrees Celsius). Germination typically occurs within two to three weeks. Once seedlings are large enough to handle and after the risk of frost has passed, they can be transplanted outdoors, spaced about 12 to 15 inches (30 to 38 centimeters) apart to allow for spreading.
