Wolf's bane Aconitum lycoctonum 'Russian Yellow'
ABOUT
Aconitum lycoctonum 'Russian Yellow', commonly known as Northern Wolfsbane, is a distinctive perennial plant that possesses a unique charm. Its most striking feature is the hood-shaped yellow flowers that form a loose cluster atop a stem adorned with deeply divided, palmate leaves. These leaves are typically a lush green color and have a slightly toothed texture, which contrasts nicely with the bright, sunny hue of the blossoms. The flowers themselves are often a soft pale yellow, offering a gentle appearance to this species of the buttercup family. The contrast of the cheerful blooms against the background of the green foliage provides a captivating visual interest in gardens. Northern Wolfsbane adds a splash of color to any garden setting, with its blooms providing an enchanting presence in the landscape. This plant is known not only for its beauty but also for its toxicity, making it a plant to be handled with care and to be kept away from areas frequented by children and pets.
About this plant
NamesSynonyms
Wolfsbane, Northern Wolfsbane, Yellow Monkshood, Wolf's Bane.
Common names
Aconitum lycoctonum subsp. septentrionale, Aconitum septentrionale, Lycoctonum septentrionale, Aconitum excelsum, Aconitum plicatum.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
Yellow
Height
3 feet (91 cm)
Spread
2 feet (61 cm)
Plant type
Herb
Hardiness zones
3
Native area
Europe
Benefits
General Benefits- Attracts pollinators: 'Russian Yellow' is known to attract bees and butterflies, which can help pollinate the garden and increase biodiversity.
- Low maintenance: Once established, it is relatively easy to care for, requiring minimal attention and tolerating some neglect.
- Hardy plant: It can withstand cold climates and is capable of surviving harsh winters in various hardiness zones.
- Aesthetic appeal: With its vibrant yellow flowers, it adds color and visual interest to gardens, borders, and beds.
- Deer resistant: It is not a preferred food source for deer, which can help preserve your garden's appearance and plant health.
Medical Properties- Aconitum lycoctonum, commonly known as wolfsbane, has been historically considered for its analgesic properties, potentially helping to alleviate pain.
- It may have anti-inflammatory effects that could reduce swelling and redness associated with various conditions.
- There are historical references to its use as a febrifuge to reduce fever, although this usage is potentially dangerous.
- The plant has been traditionally considered for its use in cardiac conditions, but due to its toxicity, it is not recommended without professional supervision.
- It has also been explored for its potential as a diuretic to help increase urine flow.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Photography: Wolfsbane 'Russian Yellow' is often used by photographers for its striking yellow blooms, creating a rich backdrop for nature and macro photography.
- Dye Production: Historically, the genus Aconitum has been used to produce blue dyes, though it's not a common modern practice due to toxicity.
- Cold Compost: Carefully used, the leaves can contribute to a compost heap, though caution is advised due to their toxicity.
- Moth Repellent: Sometimes, the dried plant has been placed in wardrobes to repel moths, similar to the use of lavender or other aromatic herbs.
- Historical Weaponry: The toxic properties of wolfsbane have been reportedly used in the past to coat arrow tips for hunting and warfare.
- Folklore & Magic: In various cultures, wolfsbane has been associated with protection from werewolves and evil spirits.
- Ecological Studies: The presence and health of Wolfsbane 'Russian Yellow' populations can be an indicator of ecosystem health, especially in mountainous regions.
- Garden Design: The plant can be used in garden design to add height and color contrast, particularly in moon gardens with its lighter flowers.
- Reflection and Meditation: Some gardens may include Wolfsbane 'Russian Yellow' for its mythological associations, providing a space for reflection or meditation.
- Educational Tool: In botanical education, the plant is used to teach about alkaloid toxins, plant defense mechanisms, and the importance of safety in herbalism.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe wolfsbane is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe wolfsbane is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Caution and Warning: Aconitum, also known as wolfsbane, has been associated with caution due to its highly poisonous nature. This symbolism serves as a reminder to tread carefully and be aware of hidden dangers.
- Protection: Despite its toxicity, wolfsbane has historically been used in folklore to ward off evil spirits and supernatural creatures, symbolizing protection from harm and negative influences.
- Mischievousness: Given its association with lycanthropy and werewolves in some cultures, wolfsbane can represent trickery and deception, embodying the unpredictable nature of these mythical beings.
- Magical Potency: Due to its use in various mystical and magical practices, wolfsbane is often seen as a symbol of the power and potency of the supernatural realm.
WaterWolf's bane, as Aconitum lycoctonum 'Russian Yellow' is commonly known, should be watered deeply and regularly during its growing season, with an emphasis on maintaining consistently moist but not soggy soil. In general, supplying about 1 inch of water per week is appropriate, though this can vary based on temperature and soil conditions. During particularly hot or dry periods, the frequency may need to increase to twice a week, ensuring that each watering saturates the soil to encourage deep root growth. Reduce watering in the winter when the plant is dormant. Always check the top few inches of soil for dryness before watering to avoid overwatering, which can be detrimental to the plant's health.
LightWolf's bane thrives in partial shade to full sun. The ideal location would offer morning sunlight and protection from the intense heat of the afternoon sun, which can be provided by dappled light under open trees or an eastern exposure. Approximately 4 to 6 hours of sunlight daily is ideal for optimal growth and flowering.
TemperatureWolf's bane prefers a temperate climate and can survive temperatures as low as 5°F in its dormant winter period. The plant's ideal growing temperatures range from 50°F to 65°F. It is important that the temperature does not exceed 75°F for prolonged periods, as excessive heat can cause stress and impact the plant's health and blooming cycle.
PruningPruning wolf's bane should be done to remove spent flowers and dead foliage, which can help prevent disease and encourage further blooming. The best time to prune is just after the main blooming period, usually late summer or early fall. Lightly trimming the plant at this time can promote a tidy growth habit and potentially a second, though less vigorous, flush of flowers. Cut back the foliage to the ground in late fall after it has died back naturally.
CleaningAs needed
SoilWolvesbane thrives in well-draining soil with a pH ranging from 6.0 to 7.5. A rich mix, composed of equal parts loam, peat, and perlite or sand, would ensure adequate drainage and fertility. Mulching with organic matter helps maintain moisture and soil structure.
RepottingReplant Wolvesbane every 2 to 3 years to refresh the soil and accommodate growth. It is best to repot in the spring before active growth begins.
Humidity & MistingWolvesbane prefers moderate humidity levels but is adaptable to various ambient conditions, making it tolerant to the humidity found in most temperate climates.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Place Wolvesbane in bright, indirect light and ensure good air circulation.
Outdoor
Plant Wolvesbane in partial shade and protect from strong winds.
Hardiness zone
3-8 USDA
Life cycleAconitum lycoctonum 'Russian Yellow', commonly known as Wolfsbane, starts its life cycle as a seed, which, when sown in moist, well-drained soil, begins to germinate under the right temperature and light conditions. The seedling then emerges and develops into a young plant with a rosette of basal leaves. As the plant matures, it sends up tall, erect stems bearing lobed leaves and distinctive hooded yellow flowers by mid to late summer, which are attractive to bees and other pollinators. After pollination, the flowers produce follicles containing numerous small seeds. Once the seeds are mature, they are dispersed by wind or wildlife, thereby completing the reproductive cycle of the plant. In the autumn, the above-ground portions of the plant die back, while below ground, the perennial root system allows the plant to survive through the winter and regrow the following spring.
PropogationPropogation time
Late Winter - Early Spring
The most popular method of propagation for Aconitum lycoctonum 'Russian Yellow', commonly known as Wolfsbane, is by division. This is best done in the early spring just as the plant starts to grow, usually around March to April depending on the local climate. You carefully dig up the plant and separate the roots into sections, making sure that each section has at least one shoot or bud. This can then be replanted in well-prepared soil, ensuring that it's placed at the same depth it was growing before. Water the new plantings well to help establish them. Dividing the plant every few years also helps maintain its vigor and prevents overcrowding.
