Scotch Rose Rosa spinosissima
ABOUT
The plant, commonly known as the Scotch Rose, showcases an array of dense, thorny stems that create a formidable and bristly presence. Its foliage consists of small, dark green leaves that are pinnate with multiple leaflets, exuding a tough and wild aesthetic. During its blooming season, the Scotch Rose is adorned with white or pale pink flowers, each typically boasting five delicate petals surrounding a conspicuous cluster of golden-yellow stamens, exuding a classic and romantic rose allure. As the seasons transition, the flowers give way to small, black or dark purple fruit, adding an additional layer of visual interest and a touch of dramatic flair to its appearance. The fruit is appreciated by various wildlife, enhancing its role in the local ecosystem. The overall look of the Scotch Rose is both charming and rugged, capable of capturing the admirer's attention with its natural and somewhat untamed beauty.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Rosaceae.
Synonyms
Burnet Rose, Scotch Rose, Scots Rose, Spiny Rose.
Common names
Rosa pimpinellifolia, Rosa altaica, Rosa spinosissima var. altaica, Rosa hispida, Rosa cinnamomea var. hispida.
ToxicityTo humans
The plant commonly known as the Scotch rose (Rosa spinosissima) is not considered toxic to humans. Members of the Rosa genus are generally recognized as safe, and their petals, hips, and even some leaves are used in culinary applications. There are no widely known toxic effects from ingesting parts of the Scotch rose, and it does not pose a poisoning risk under normal circumstances when handled or consumed in moderation.
To pets
The Scotch rose is also not considered toxic to pets. This plant, like other members of its genus, is generally safe for animals, and there is no evidence to suggest that it would cause harm if pets happened to ingest parts of it. However, as with any plant material, ingestion in large quantities could potentially cause mild stomach upset in some animals, but the Scotch rose is not known to cause any specific symptoms of poisoning in pets.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
White
Height
3 feet (0.91 meters)
Spread
4 feet (1.22 meters)
Plant type
Shrub
Hardiness zones
3
Native area
Europe
Benefits
General Benefits- Landscape decoration: Rosa spinosissima, commonly known as the Scotch rose, is widely appreciated for its aesthetic appeal and is often used in gardens and parks for ornamental purposes.
- Habitat for wildlife: The Scotch rose provides food and shelter for various species of birds, beneficial insects, and other wildlife.
- Erosion control: With its dense and prickly growth habit, the Scotch rose can help stabilize soil and prevent erosion on slopes.
- Hedge plant: The thorny and dense nature of the Scotch rose makes it an effective plant for creating living fences or hedges for privacy and security.
- Tolerant of poor soils: Scotch rose is adaptable to a range of soil conditions, including sandy and rocky soils where other plants might struggle to thrive.
- Drought resistance: Once established, the Scotch rose is relatively drought tolerant, requiring little watering and maintenance.
- Hardy nature: The Scotch rose is a resilient plant that can withstand harsh climates and temperature extremes, making it suitable for various landscapes.
- Support for biodiversity: By planting the Scotch rose, gardeners can support biodiversity, offering a native plant option that fits well in local ecosystems.
Medical Properties- Anti-inflammatory: Rosa spinosissima may possess anti-inflammatory properties that can help reduce swelling and inflammation.
- Antioxidant: The plant is a potential source of antioxidants, which can help protect the body from oxidative stress and cellular damage.
- Vitamin C: Rich in vitamin C, it may support immune system health and skin integrity.
- Astringent: Rosa spinosissima has astringent qualities that could be useful in toning and tightening the skin.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Rosa spinosissima seeds are a source of an edible oil that can be used in cooking or as a salad dressing.
- The dense, prickly nature of the shrub makes it an excellent choice for use in hedges or as a natural barrier to deter unwanted foot traffic and grazing animals.
- Fine-grained wood from the plant's root is sometimes utilized in woodworking for making small items like handles and decorative objects.
- The hips (fruit) of Rosa spinosissima can be used to make herbal teas with a tangy flavor, often enjoyed for their refreshing taste.
- Petals of the Rosa spinosissima can be used to create natural dyes for textiles, yielding shades of pink and beige depending on the mordant used.
- Gardeners may use Rosa spinosissima as a rootstock for grafting more delicate or less hardy rose varieties, benefiting from its robustness and disease resistance.
- The plant can be grown for soil stabilization purposes, especially in coastal regions where its roots help to reduce erosion.
- The fragrant flowers are sometimes included in potpourri mixtures, contributing a natural and wild scent profile.
- As a source of nectar, the shrub serves an important role in supporting local pollinators such as bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects.
- Rosa spinosissima's thorny branches have historically been used to fashion traditional fish traps and fishing weirs in some cultures.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe Scots rose is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe Scots rose is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Beauty and Grace: The Rosa spinosissima, commonly known as the Burnet Rose, is often associated with beauty and grace despite its thorny stems, representing the idea that true beauty often comes with challenges.
- Love and Affection: As with many roses, the Burnet Rose symbolizes love and affection, conveying deep and enduring emotions.
- Protection: The thorns of the Burnet Rose serve as a natural defense mechanism, symbolizing protection and the necessity of setting boundaries.
- Survival and Resilience: Able to thrive in difficult conditions, the Burnet Rose is a symbol of survival and resilience, reflecting the ability to overcome adversity.
- Purity and Innocence: The typically white flowers of the Burnet Rose are emblematic of purity and innocence, often representing new beginnings and the pureness of emotions.
WaterFor the Scotch Rose, watering should be thorough yet infrequent, aiming to keep the soil evenly moist but not soggy. During the growing season, water with about 1 gallon per plant every week, unless there is sufficient rainfall, adjusting for heat and drought conditions. In hotter climates, you may need to water twice a week. During the winter, reduce watering but do not allow the soil to dry out completely. Always water directly at the base of the plant to minimize leaf wetness and potential disease.
LightScotch Roses prefer full sunlight to thrive, ideally receiving six or more hours of direct sun each day. They should be planted in a spot with unobstructed sunlight, away from the shade of larger trees or buildings. Morning light is particularly beneficial as it helps dry dew from the leaves, reducing disease risk.
TemperatureScotch Roses do best in temperatures ranging from about 60°F to 75°F but can tolerate extremes from around 10°F to 85°F. These roses are extremely hardy and can endure cold winters but prefer the warmth during the growing season. To prevent frost damage, avoid planting in low areas where cold air settles.
PruningPrune Scotch Roses to maintain shape, remove dead or diseased wood, and encourage flowering. The best time to prune is in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Prune lightly, cutting back last year's growth by about one third, and always cut to an outward-facing bud to direct the new growth outwards. Deadhead spent flowers regularly throughout the blooming season to encourage more blooms.
CleaningAs needed
SoilThe Scotch Rose prefers well-draining soil rich in organic matter with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. A good mix for Rosa spinosissima would include garden loam, peat, compost, and coarse sand to ensure drainage and fertility.
RepottingScotch Roses rarely need repotting as they are typically grown outdoors. However, if grown in containers, repotting every 2 to 3 years is sufficient, or when the plant has outgrown its current pot.
Humidity & MistingRosa spinosissima, or Scotch Rose, thrives in average outdoor humidity levels. It does not require specific humidity conditions, making it quite adaptable.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Provide bright light and well-draining soil; water consistently.
Outdoor
Plant in full sun, well-draining soil; prune in late winter.
Hardiness zone
3-8 USDA
Life cycleRosa spinosissima, commonly known as the Scotch Rose, begins its life cycle when its seeds germinate in spring after enduring a period of cold stratification, which breaks seed dormancy. Seedlings emerge and establish themselves, developing a deep root system and foliage in their initial growing season. The plant reaches maturity in a few years, revealing its characteristic pinnately compound leaves and woody, thorny stems. Once mature, the Scotch Rose produces numerous small, white or pink flowers in late spring or early summer, which are pollinated by insects. After pollination, the flowers develop into small, purplish-black hips (fruits) by late summer or autumn, containing seeds for the next generation. The plant may enter a period of dormancy in winter, shedding leaves, but it is hardy and can withstand cold temperatures, resuming growth in the following spring.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring to Summer
Propogation: The Rosa spinosissima, commonly known as the Scotch Rose, is best propagated by using seeds or softwood cuttings, although the latter is the most commonly employed method due to its reliability and speed. For softwood cuttings, cuttings should be taken in late spring or early summer when the plant's new growth is just hardening but still flexible. Typically, 4 to 6 inches (about 10 to 15 centimeters) of stem is cut from a healthy, disease-free parent plant, and the leaves on the lower half of the cutting are removed. The cut end of the stem is often dipped in rooting hormone to encourage root growth and then planted in a well-draining soil mix. The cuttings should be kept moist and in a warm environment with indirect sunlight until they have rooted, which usually takes several weeks. Once the cuttings have established a root system, they can be transplanted into the garden or a more permanent pot.
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