Japanese Solomon's Seal Polygonatum falcatum A. Gray
ABOUT
The plant often referred to by its common name, Solomon's seal, displays a graceful, arching stem that gives it a distinctive appearance. The stem is adorned with alternating, ovate-shaped leaves that have a smooth texture and a pointed tip, gracefully arranged along the stem, contributing to the plant's elegance. The leaves are a rich, vibrant green, providing a lush backdrop for the blossoms that appear in the late spring to early summer. The flowers of the Solomon's seal are small, tubular, and hang in pairs or individually from the leaf axils beneath the arching stems. These pendulous flowers are usually creamy white, sometimes tinged with green or pink, and are known for their delicate beauty. Following the bloom period, the flowers give way to small, round berries that hang from the stem. The berries start out green and turn to a dark blue or black as they mature. These fruits are an attractive feature in late summer and can persist into the fall, providing visual interest even after the plant has finished flowering. The overall appearance of Solomon's seal is one of understated elegance, with its arching stems, neatly arranged leaves, dainty flowers, and contrasting berries creating a pleasing aesthetic that is often used in shade gardens and wooded landscapes for naturalizing and underplanting beneath larger plants.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Asparagaceae.
Synonyms
Angular Solomon's Seal, Japanese Solomon's Seal.
Common names
Polygonatum falcatum var. angustifolium Ohwi, Polygonatum falcatum var. pluriflorum Ohwi, Polygonatum falcatum var. gracillimum Ohwi.
ToxicityTo humans
Polygonatum falcatum, commonly known as the Angular Solomon's Seal, is not generally recognized for having any significant toxicity to humans. While it's always advisable to avoid eating any plant material unless you're certain it's safe, there is no widespread documentation of toxicity or poisoning from consuming this particular species. However, as with many plants, it's possible that some individuals may experience mild gastrointestinal discomfort if ingested, given that not all plants are meant for human consumption. It is still wise to exercise caution and not consume parts of the plant without proper knowledge and preparation.
To pets
Angular Solomon's Seal is not typically known for being toxic to pets. However, pets, like humans, can have varying sensitivities, and the ingestion of plant material that they are not accustomed to might lead to mild gastrointestinal upset, such as vomiting or diarrhea. It's usually best to prevent pets from eating plants not intended for their consumption to avoid potential issues. If you suspect your pet has ingested a significant quantity of Angular Solomon's Seal and is exhibiting symptoms, it is recommended to consult with a veterinarian.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
White
Height
1-4 feet (0.3-1.2 meters)
Spread
1-2 feet (0.3-0.6 meters)
Plant type
Herb
Hardiness zones
4
Native area
Asia
Benefits
General Benefits- Ornamental Value: Polygonatum falcatum, commonly known as Angular Solomon's Seal, adds aesthetic appeal to gardens with its arching stems and greenish-white flowers.
- Shade Tolerance: This plant thrives in shaded or semi-shaded areas, making it a suitable addition to woodland gardens or shaded borders.
- Nature-Friendly: It’s a good plant for attracting pollinators such as bees when in flower.
- Low Maintenance: Angular Solomon's Seal is known for its ease of care and minimal maintenance requirements.
- Drought Resistance: Once established, it can withstand periods of dryness, making it suitable for gardens with less frequent watering.
- Soil Adaptability: It can grow in a wide range of soil types, from clay to sandy soils, as long as the soil is well-draining.
- Culinary Use: Young shoots of the plant are edible when cooked and are sometimes used in traditional dishes in its native regions.
Medical Properties- Anti-inflammatory: The plant is traditionally used to reduce inflammation.
- Antioxidant: It contains compounds that may combat oxidative stress.
- Immunomodulatory: It may influence the immune system for potential health benefits.
- Antitumor: Compounds in the plant might have potential antitumor effects.
- Neuroprotective: There is some evidence to suggest that it could protect nerve cells.
- Antidiabetic: Certain extracts have been used to help manage diabetes symptoms.
- Cardiovascular health: It's sometimes used in traditional medicine to support heart health.
- Antifatigue: It is occasionally used to combat physical and mental fatigue.
- Antibacterial and Antiviral: Some components have been studied for their resistance to bacteria and viruses.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Polygonatum falcatum, commonly known as the Japanese Solomon's Seal, can be cultivated as an ornamental plant for shade gardens due to its arching stems and attractive foliage.
- The stems of the plant can be used in floral arrangements, adding a unique and natural aesthetic to bouquets and displays.
- Japanese Solomon's Seal can act as a natural ground cover, providing an effective way to minimize weed growth in garden spaces.
- The plant's berries can be used as a natural dye, producing subtle colors for fabrics or yarns.
- Japanese Solomon's Seal is sometimes used in educational settings, such as botanical gardens, to teach about plant morphology and growth habits in woodland species.
- The dense foliage can provide habitat and shelter for small wildlife, particularly invertebrates and small birds seeking cover.
- Its leaves can be used in compost as a green matter contribution, helping to enrich the soil as they decompose.
- Dried stems of Japanese Solomon's Seal retain their shape and can be used in dry floral compositions for interior decorations.
- Photographers and painters might use this plant as a subject due to its visually pleasing lines and seasonal changes for artistic inspiration.
- In traditional landscaping, Japanese Solomon's Seal can be used to create a naturalistic 'woodland' edge along paths or between different garden zones.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe plant Solomon's Seal is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe plant Solomon's Seal is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Longevity: Polygonatum falcatum, commonly known as Solomon's seal, often symbolizes long life due to its hardy nature and the long lifespan of the plant itself. Its ability to return year after year can be emblematic of endurance and the persistence of life.
- Good Fortune: Solomon's seal has been historically used as an amulet or charm for good luck. The interlocking rings on the rootstock have been compared to the Seal of Solomon, giving it a mystical association with bringing good fortune and wisdom.
- Healing and Restoration: The plant is also known for its medicinal properties. As such, it is sometimes considered a symbol of healing and recovery, representing the body's ability to restore itself and overcome illness or injury.
WaterSolomon's seal typically requires consistent moisture, especially during periods of growth in the spring and early summer. This plant should be watered deeply once a week, making sure the soil is moist but not waterlogged. Depending on the climate and weather conditions, you may need to adjust the frequency. During hot, dry spells, water twice a week with approximately 1 to 1.5 gallons per plant, making sure you water directly at the base to avoid wetting the foliage. Reduce watering in the fall as the plant prepares for dormancy.
LightSolomon's seal thrives best in partial to full shade, making it an excellent choice for woodland gardens or shaded areas. The ideal spot would be beneath deciduous trees where it receives dappled sunlight. Avoid placing it in direct, harsh afternoon sun as it can scorch the leaves and stress the plant.
TemperatureSolomon's seal does well in a range of temperature conditions, ideally within the range of 50 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit. It can survive minimum temperatures down to about -20 degrees Fahrenheit, but during active growth, it prefers the milder range. Avoid exposing the plant to temperatures above 80 degrees Fahrenheit for prolonged periods as it can lead to heat stress.
PruningPruning Solomon's seal is mainly for aesthetic purposes and to remove any damaged or yellowing foliage. It's best to prune in the late fall after the leaves have yellowed and died back, or in the early spring before new growth starts. Cut the stems back to the ground level. This practice is usually done annually to keep the plant looking tidy and encourage healthy growth for the following season.
CleaningAs needed
SoilSolomon's Seal thrives in a well-draining, rich soil with organic matter. A mixture of two parts garden soil, one part peat moss or compost, and one part perlite or sand is ideal. The soil pH should be slightly acidic to neutral, ranging from 5.5 to 7.0 for optimal growth.
RepottingSolomon's Seal should be repotted every two to three years to ensure it has enough room to grow. Spring is the best time for repotting, when the plant is emerging from dormancy and can recover quickly from the disturbance.
Humidity & MistingSolomon's Seal prefers moderate to high humidity levels but is quite adaptable. Aim for a humidity level around 50% for optimal health. If the air is too dry, especially indoors, consider using a humidifier or placing the plant on a tray of moistened pebbles.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Place Solomon's Seal in bright, indirect light and maintain humidity.
Outdoor
Plant Solomon's Seal in dappled shade and moist soil.
Hardiness zone
3-8 USDA
Life cyclePolygonatum falcatum, commonly known as Angular Solomon's Seal, commences its life cycle as a seed, often requiring a period of cold stratification to break dormancy. Upon germination, seedlings develop a rhizome, which serves as an underground stem from which new growth emerges each year. The plant grows upright arching stems with alternate, oval-shaped leaves and produces small, tubular flowers that dangle from the leaf axils in late spring. These flowers are typically pollinated by insects, resulting in berry-like fruits that turn dark blue or black when ripe, bearing seeds for dispersal. The above-ground parts of the plant die back to ground level with the onset of autumn, while the rhizome persists through winter, storing energy for the next growing season. The rhizome can also give rise to new clonal plants, gradually forming a colony.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring to summer
The most popular method of propagation for the plant known as Solomon's Seal (Polygonatum falcatum) is by division. This is typically done in the fall after the leaves have yellowed or in the early spring before growth begins. To propagate by division, carefully dig up the clump of the plant, ensuring a good portion of the root system and rhizomes are intact. Using a sharp knife or spade, cut the rhizomes into sections, each with at least one growth bud or "eye." Replant the divisions immediately, spacing them about a foot (12 inches or approximately 30.48 centimeters) apart to allow for growth. The divisions should be planted at the same depth they were previously growing, and watered well to establish. This simple and effective technique helps to rejuvenate old clumps and expand your collection of Solomon's Seal in the garden.
