Tetracentron Tetracentron sinense
ABOUT
Tetracentron sinense, often referred to as the Tetracentron, is a rare and distinctive plant well-known for its attractive appearance. The Tetracentron possesses a straight trunk with bark that is usually smooth and grayish. As it matures, the trunk may develop shallow furrows. Its leaves are one of its most striking features, being heart-shaped with a broad base and a finely pointed tip. These leaves have a lush green color and turn to a vibrant yellow or gold in the autumn, providing a spectacular display. The leaf arrangement is alternate, giving the foliage a somewhat irregular yet visually pleasing aspect. The margins of the leaves are toothed, adding a textured appearance to its overall leaf structure. The Tetracentron does not produce traditional flowers like many other plants. Instead, it has inflorescences that appear as long, hanging catkins which can be striking when the plant is observed in bloom. The catkins are pendulous and can carry a large number of small, wind-pollinated flowers. The fruit of the Tetracentron is a small, winged nutlet that is carried away by the wind, aiding in the dispersion of the seeds. The plant's branches are arranged in a spreading pattern which, along with the leaves and catkins, gives the Tetracentron a lush and somewhat weeping form. This elegant growth pattern, combined with its unique foliage and seasonal color change, makes Tetracentron not only unusual but also highly desirable for ornamental purposes in landscapes where it can be accommodated.
About this plant
NamesSynonyms
Spurleaf, Tetracentron.
Common names
Excentrodendron hsienmu.
ToxicityTo humans
Tetracentron sinense, commonly known as the spool tree, is not widely recognized for its toxicity to humans. There is limited information available on its poisonous properties to humans, and it does not appear to be commonly listed as a toxic plant. Thus, without specific evidence to the contrary, it would be prudent to consider the spool tree as potentially non-toxic to humans. However, it is always advisable to exercise caution and avoid ingesting plants that are not explicitly known to be safe for consumption.
To pets
Regarding the toxicity of the spool tree (Tetracentron sinense) to pets, there is also a scarcity of information. This plant is not typically known or listed among the common poisonous plants for pets such as cats and dogs. Therefore, while there is no specific evidence to suggest that the spool tree is toxic to pets, it is generally recommended to prevent pets from ingesting plants that are not confirmed to be safe to mitigate any potential risk. If a pet does ingest part of the plant and exhibits signs of illness, it is important to consult a veterinarian.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Height
35-45 feet (10.7-13.7 meters)
Spread
20-30 feet (6.1-9.1 meters)
Plant type
Tree
Hardiness zones
7
Native area
China
Benefits
General Benefits- Ornamental value: Tetracentron sinense, commonly known as spiketail, has a unique and attractive appearance, making it a desirable specimen for ornamental gardens and parks.
- Shade provision: The tree can grow to a significant size, providing ample shade in landscapes and urban settings.
- Habitat for wildlife: Spiketail trees can serve as a habitat and food source for various species of birds and insects, promoting biodiversity.
- Soil stabilization: The roots of Tetracentron sinense can help stabilize soil, reducing erosion in areas where it is planted.
- Wood production: The wood of spiketail is sturdy and can be used in carpentry and construction for various applications.
- Cultural significance: In some cultures, the spiketail tree may hold particular symbolic or aesthetic significance, enriching the cultural landscape.
- Educational value: As a less common species, Tetracentron sinense offers educational opportunities for botanists, students, and plant enthusiasts to learn about diverse plant life.
Medical Properties- Analgesic: There is evidence to suggest that Tetracentron sinense may have analgesic properties, which could help alleviate pain.
- Anti-inflammatory: Compounds extracted from the plant may have anti-inflammatory effects.
- Antimicrobial: Some research indicates that Tetracentron sinense might possess antimicrobial properties, potentially useful in fighting certain infections.
- Antioxidant: The plant may contain antioxidants, which can help in preventing oxidative stress and may protect the body from various diseases.
- Anticancer: Preliminary studies may show that extracts of Tetracentron sinense could have anticancer properties under certain conditions.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Tetracentron sinense wood can be used for fine woodworking due to its relatively hard and attractive grain, making it suitable for crafting furniture and decorative items.
- The fibrous inner bark of Tetracentron sinense may be processed into rope or twine, serving as a natural and biodegradable option for tying and binding in various applications.
- Dried Tetracentron sinense leaves can be utilized in the creation of botanical dyes, offering a range of earthy tones for textile coloring.
- The tree's natural resistance to decay can make it a good candidate for use in outdoor construction, such as for building pergolas or trellises in gardens.
- Due to its robustness, Tetracentron sinense can be fashioned into tools and handles for gardening equipment, offering a locally sourced and sustainable alternative.
- As an ornamental plant, the unique foliage pattern and autumn color of Tetracentron sinense can be a compelling addition to thematic landscape designs, especially in East Asian-style gardens.
- The seeds of Tetracentron sinense, being buoyant, can inspire innovative bio-mimetic designs in fields such as flotation devices or waterborne craft.
- The tree's ability to grow in a variety of soil types makes it suitable for reforestation projects and erosion control, particularly in regions that mimic its native habitat.
- Fallen leaves and organic matter from Tetracentron sinense can be composed to create nutrient-rich mulch, beneficial for soil health in gardens and agricultural settings.
- Branches and twigs from pruning or fallen Tetracentron sinense can be crafted into natural artistic sculptures or as part of installation art, representing a connection with nature.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiTetracentron sinense is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityTetracentron sinense is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Rarity: Tetracentron sinense, known as "spur-leaf tree," is a rare and ancient species, symbolizing uniqueness and the value of preserving what is precious and irreplaceable.
- Endurance: Given its ancient lineage and ability to survive across eras, the spur-leaf tree can represent endurance and the ability to withstand the test of time.
- Adaptation: As a plant that has seen various climatic and geographical changes, it symbolizes adaptability and the capacity to thrive in different environments.
- Natural heritage: The spur-leaf tree, as a relict species, embodies the idea of inheritance and the continuity of nature's legacy through generations.
WaterSpiketail trees require regular watering to maintain moist but not soggy soil conditions. During the growing season, water the tree once a week with about 2 to 3 gallons, depending on the tree's size and environmental conditions. Reduce watering in the dormant winter months to every other week, ensuring the soil doesn't completely dry out. It's essential to water the tree deeply, allowing moisture to reach the roots, rather than just wetting the surface.
LightSpiketail trees thrive in partial shade to full sun locations. Ideally, the tree should receive several hours of sunlight a day, but it can also do well when planted under the canopy of taller trees where it receives dappled sunlight. Avoid placing it in deep shade, as this will hinder its growth.
TemperatureSpiketail trees prefer moderate temperatures with an ideal growing range between 60°F to 80°F. They can tolerate minimum temperatures down to around 50°F and maximum temperatures up to about 90°F. Extreme temperatures on either side of this range may stress the plant.
PruningPrune spiketail trees to maintain their shape and remove any dead or diseased branches. The best time to prune is in late winter or early spring before new growth starts. Pruning once a year or every other year is typically sufficient to keep the tree healthy and looking its best.
CleaningAs needed
SoilSpool Tree prefers well-draining soil rich in organic matter with a slightly acidic to neutral pH between 6.0-7.0. A mix of garden soil, peat moss, and perlite can create an ideal environment for healthy root growth.
RepottingThe Spool Tree should be repotted every 2-3 years to prevent root-bound conditions and to replenish nutrients in the soil. Younger trees may need more frequent repotting as they grow.
Humidity & MistingThe Spool Tree thrives in moderate to high humidity levels, ideally between 60% to 80%. It is important to maintain consistent humidity for optimal growth and health.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Bright indirect light, shield from direct sun.
Outdoor
Partial shade, protect from strong winds.
Hardiness zone
6-9 USDA
Life cycleTetracentron sinense, commonly known as the spike-tail, begins its life cycle with seed germination, which requires moist, well-drained soil and occurs naturally in a temperate climate. Following germination, seedlings develop into juvenile plants and initiate the formation of a root system and foliage. As they mature, spike-tails grow into large trees, producing a woody trunk and a branching canopy. The plant reaches reproductive maturity and starts to produce small, inconspicuous flowers, which after pollination develop into dry, winged fruits. These fruits are dispersed by wind, enabling the seeds to spread and germinate in suitable new environments. The adult plants have a perennial growth habit, and they can live for many years, going through repeated cycles of flowering and fruiting.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring
Tetracentron sinense, commonly known as the Spindle Tree, is best propagated through seed. The optimal time to sow seeds is in the fall, immediately after collection, as they exhibit ephemeral viability. Once gathered, the seeds should be sown in a cold frame. As the Spindle Tree seeds require a period of cold stratification to germinate, naturally exposing them to winter conditions achieves this. Seedlings typically emerge in the spring and should be allowed to grow in their pots for their first season before being transplanted to their permanent locations in the garden during the following spring or early summer.
