Thickleaf Mahoe Melicytus crassifolius
ABOUT
Known as thick-leaf mahoe or thick-leaved mahoe, this plant is characterized by its distinctively stout and leathery leaves which are often glossy green in appearance. The leaves tend to be broad and may have either a rounded or slightly pointed shape, contributing to the plant's lush foliage. As it grows, the thick-leaf mahoe is known to produce clusters of small flowers. These flowers are typically purple or violet-colored, which later develop into fruit that can range in color from white to purple-black when ripe. The overall aspect of the thick-leaf mahoe is one of robustness due to its thick foliage and sturdy stems, giving it a solid and dense look. The bark of the plant is usually textured, contributing to the rugged aesthetic of the thick-leaf mahoe. It is a plant that one might encounter in its native environments looking bushy and well-adapted to its surroundings, with a spreading presence that is defined by the substantial nature of its leaves and general structure.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Violaceae
Synonyms
Thick-leaved Mahoe, Shore Mahoe, Small-leaved Mahoe, Tree Violet
Common names
Hymenanthera crassifolia, Hymenanthera chathamica, Hymenanthera novae-zelandiae, Hymenanthera travancorica, Melicytus chathamicus, Melicytus novae-zelandiae, Melicytus travancoricus, Violanthera chathamica, Violanthera crassifolia, Violanthera novae-zelandiae, Violanthera travancorica.
ToxicityTo humans
Melicytus crassifolius, commonly known as thick-leaved mahoe, is not known to be toxic to humans. There are no well-documented cases or studies indicating that this plant poses a significant health risk when touched or ingested. However, it is generally advisable to be cautious with unfamiliar plants, as individual allergies and reactions can occur.
To pets
Thick-leaved mahoe is not widely recognized as a toxic plant to pets such as dogs and cats. There is limited information available on its potential toxicity to animals, but no significant toxic effects have been reported. However, pet owners should always exercise caution and prevent pets from ingesting plants that are not confirmed to be safe, as individual responses can vary. If you suspect your pet has ingested any part of the plant and is showing adverse symptoms, consult a veterinarian.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Evergreen
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
Yellow
Height
6 feet 6 inches (2 meters)
Spread
6 feet 6 inches (2 meters)
Plant type
Shrub
Hardiness zones
9
Native area
New Zealand
Benefits
General Benefits- Ecological support: Melicytus crassifolius, commonly known as thick-leaf mahoe, provides habitat and food for various native bird and insect species.
- Erosion control: Its extensive root system can help stabilize the soil and prevent erosion on slopes and banks.
- Drought resistance: Thick-leaf mahoe is adapted to dry conditions, making it suitable for xeriscaping in water-scarce areas.
- Ornamental value: With its thick, lush foliage and attractive blue berries, thick-leaf mahoe can enhance the aesthetic appeal of gardens and landscapes.
- Low maintenance: Once established, it requires minimal care, making it ideal for low-maintenance gardens and public spaces.
Medical Properties- This plant is not used for medical purposes.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Traditional carvings: The hard wood of the Melicytus crassifolius, commonly known as stiff porcupine bush, may be utilized by indigenous people for making tools or intricate carvings.
- Dye production: The bark and leaves have the potential to be used in natural dyeing processes to create unique shades in textiles.
- Animal fodder: The leaves are sometimes eaten by domesticated animals like goats, suggesting a possible use as fodder in certain contexts.
- Landscape gardening: Due to its dense foliage and sharp spines, it can be used as a security hedge or barrier in gardens and parks.
- Agricultural mulch: When pruned, the trimmings may be repurposed as mulch to improve soil quality and suppress weed growth in gardens or farms.
- Erosion control: Its robust root system could help stabilize soil in erosion-prone areas.
- Decorative floristry: The unique appearance of the plant could make it a candidate for use in floral arrangements or as decorative greenery.
- Craft materials: Its branches and twines can be used to create woven baskets or other craft items.
- Educational use: Due to its distinctive features, the plant might be used for educational purposes, such as teaching botany or conservation.
- Acoustic barriers: The dense growth pattern of stiff porcupine bush could potentially be used to create natural sound barriers alongside roads or in urban spaces.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe Porcupine shrub is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe Porcupine shrub is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Resilience: Melicytus crassifolius, commonly known as thick-leaved mahoe, is known for its sturdy and robust nature, symbolizing the ability to withstand difficult conditions and recover from challenges.
- Growth: As a plant that can grow in various types of soil and environmental conditions, thick-leaved mahoe represents continuous growth and adaptability.
- Protection: The thick leaves of the mahoe could be perceived as a symbol of protection and shelter, offering a safe haven for various forms of wildlife.
WaterThe Thick-leaved Mahoe should be watered deeply but infrequently, allowing the soil to dry out between waterings. Generally, during the growing season, water approximately once a week, with about 1 to 1.5 gallons per watering, depending on the size of the plant and the environmental conditions. In winter, reduce watering to every two to three weeks. Always check the top inch of the soil for dryness before watering again. Overwatering can lead to root rot, so ensure proper drainage.
LightThe Thick-leaved Mahoe thrives best in full sun to partial shade conditions. It should be planted in a spot that receives direct sunlight for several hours a day, while also providing some relief from the intense midday sun, especially in very hot climates. Dappled sunlight through canopy trees or a position that receives morning sunlight and afternoon shade would be ideal for this plant.
TemperatureThe ideal temperature range for the Thick-leaved Mahoe is between 50 and 85 degrees Fahrenheit. It can tolerate minimum temperatures down to about 30 degrees Fahrenheit for short periods, but prolonged exposure to freezing temperatures can damage the plant. To ensure healthy growth, try to maintain a temperature within the ideal range and protect the plant from extreme cold.
PruningPrune the Thick-leaved Mahoe to maintain shape and health, removing any dead, damaged, or diseased branches. Pruning can be done in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. This plant may not require frequent pruning; once a year is often sufficient. Pruning encourages fresh growth and can stimulate flowering.
CleaningAs needed
SoilThick-leaf mahoe thrives in well-draining soil with a slight preference for acidic to neutral pH, ranging around 5.5 to 7.0. A soil mix composed of loam, compost, and coarse sand or perlite would be ideal to ensure proper drainage and fertility. Soil structure should allow for aeration and prevent waterlogging to accommodate this plant's preferences.
RepottingThick-leaf mahoe typically requires repotting every 2 to 3 years to replenish nutrients and prevent root crowding. Repotting should be done in the spring or early summer when the plant is entering a period of active growth, which allows it to recover more quickly.
Humidity & MistingThick-leaf mahoe prefers moderate humidity levels around 40-50%. It is tolerant of a range of humidity conditions but may suffer in excessively dry environments, so maintaining average room humidity is generally suitable.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Ensure bright, indirect light and well-draining soil.
Outdoor
Plant in dappled shade, protect from strong winds.
Hardiness zone
8-11 USDA
Life cycleMelicytus crassifolius, commonly known as Thick-leaved Mahoe, begins its life cycle as a seed, which germinates in favorable conditions with sufficient moisture and warmth, resulting in the emergence of a radicle and then a seedling with both root and shoot systems. The seedling stage involves the establishment of the plant with simple leaves and the development of a strong root system. As it enters the juvenile phase, the plant exhibits more compound and true leaves and begins to develop a woody stem. Upon reaching maturity, the Thick-leaved Mahoe produces flowers that are dioecious, meaning male and female flowers are on separate plants, and these flowers facilitate cross-pollination, chiefly through wind or insect vectors. After pollination, fruits develop, which are small berries that contain seeds for the next generation, completing the reproductive cycle. Over time, the plant may enter a senescence phase where growth slows, and it ultimately dies, returning nutrients to the soil and making space for new growth in the ecosystem.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring-early summer
Melicytus crassifolius, commonly known as stiff bluebush, can be propagated most effectively through seed sowing. The best time to collect seeds from the stiff bluebush is when the fruits are ripe which usually occurs in late summer or early autumn. After collection, the seeds should be sown in a well-drained seed-raising mix, lightly covered with the mix or fine grit, and kept moist until germination. Germination can be erratic, but providing a cold stratification period of around four weeks at 39 to 41 degrees Fahrenheit (4 to 5 degrees Celsius) can improve the germination rate. The sown seeds should then be placed in a warm, bright location but not in direct sunlight to avoid drying out the soil. Once the seedlings have grown large enough to handle, they are then pricked out and potted on into individual containers, where they are grown on until they reach a suitable size for transplanting into their final position.
