Japanese Umbrella Pine Sciadopitys verticillata
ABOUT
The Japanese umbrella pine is a unique and visually striking plant. It is named for the distinctive, whorled arrangement of its branches and foliage that somewhat resemble the spokes of an umbrella. This evergreen conifer features glossy, dark green needles that are thick, stiff, and leathery to the touch. Unlike many other conifers, the needles of the Japanese umbrella pine are arranged in a radial pattern around the branchlets, creating a dense, umbrella-like appearance. The foliage of the Japanese umbrella pine has a shiny texture and can have a somewhat lacquered look, which adds to its ornamental appeal. The leaves themselves are not typical needles but are more flattened, broad, and strap-like, making them visually different from those of standard pines or spruces. The tree produces small, inconspicuous cones that start out green and mature to a brown color as they age. The scaly bark of the Japanese umbrella pine is reddish-brown and furrowed, offering additional visual interest with its rugged texture. Overall, the appearance of the Japanese umbrella pine is that of a slow-growing, sculptural plant with a unique and attractive form that makes it a prized specimen for gardens and landscapes where its appearance can be fully appreciated.
About this plant
NamesSynonyms
Japanese Umbrella Pine, Koya-maki
Common names
Sciadopitys verticillata
ToxicityTo humans
Sciadopitys verticillata, commonly known as the Japanese umbrella pine, is not widely known to be toxic to humans. There is limited information about its toxicity, and it is generally considered non-toxic. However, like with any plant, some individuals may experience allergic reactions or skin irritation upon handling, or gastrointestinal discomfort if parts of the plant are ingested. It is always advisable to exercise caution and prevent ingestion of plant parts, especially by children, due to the potential risk of choking or the discovery of unforeseen toxicities upon ingestion.
To pets
Sciadopitys verticillata, also known as the Japanese umbrella pine, is not widely recognized as being toxic to pets. While there are no significant reports of toxicity to dogs, cats, or other domestic animals, it is typically recommended to prevent pets from ingesting plants as a general precaution. Some pets might experience mild gastrointestinal upset if they consume parts of the plant. If you suspect your pet has eaten any portion of the Japanese umbrella pine and is showing symptoms of distress, it is best to consult a veterinarian.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Evergreen
Color of leaves
Green
Height
30-40 feet (9-12 meters)
Spread
15-20 feet (4.5-6 meters)
Plant type
Tree
Hardiness zones
5-8
Native area
Japan
Benefits
General Benefits- Aesthetic Appeal: Sciadopitys verticillata, commonly known as Japanese Umbrella Pine, has a unique and striking appearance, adding visual interest to landscapes with its glossy, dark green, umbrella-like whorls of needles.
- Longevity: The Japanese Umbrella Pine is known to be a long-lived tree, often reaching significant ages, which makes it a good investment for a long-term landscape feature.
- Low Maintenance: Once established, the Japanese Umbrella Pine requires minimal care and is relatively low maintenance compared to other ornamental trees.
- Winter Interest: This evergreen retains its foliage year-round, providing greenery and visual interest even in the winter months when other plants may be dormant.
- Shade Provider: As a tree with dense foliage, it can offer a good amount of shade, becoming a natural umbrella that can be appreciated during sunny days.
- Wildlife Habitat: Though not specifically known for attracting a wide array of wildlife, it can still provide habitat and shelter for various birds and small mammals.
- Resilience: The Japanese Umbrella Pine is tolerant of a range of soil conditions, although it prefers well-drained, slightly acidic soil. It is also relatively resistant to pests and diseases.
Medical PropertiesThis plant is not used for medical purposes.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- The wood of Sciadopitys verticillata, commonly known as the Japanese umbrella pine, is known for being water-resistant and is used in the construction of boats and ships.
- In woodworking, the fine grain of the Japanese umbrella pine's wood is valued for creating intricate wooden crafts and detailed sculptures.
- The rope-like structure of the bark has been traditionally utilized for making cords and ropes in rural Japan.
- Its unique foliage is often used in ikebana, the Japanese art of flower arrangement, for its aesthetic appeal.
- During festive periods like Christmas in western countries, the Japanese umbrella pine is sometimes used as an alternative to the traditional Christmas tree due to its similar conical shape and evergreen nature.
- Landscape designers prize the Japanese umbrella pine for its architectural form and use it as a focal point in gardens and parks.
- In bonsai, the Japanese umbrella pine is shaped and maintained as a miniature tree, representing harmony and peace in the living art form.
- The resinous sap of the Japanese umbrella pine is sometimes used for waterproofing and treating wooden boats and containers.
- Japanese umbrella pine needles, due to their length and sturdy nature, can be utilized in handicrafts and for weaving small mats or baskets.
- The tree serves as a natural windbreak and is often planted along coastlines or in mountainous regions to protect against soil erosion and harsh winds.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe Japanese Umbrella Pine is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe Japanese Umbrella Pine is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Longevity: Sciadopitys verticillata, commonly known as Japanese Umbrella Pine, is known for its long lifespan, often living for several hundred years. This attribute symbolizes endurance and the passage of time.
- Uniqueness: The unique whorled arrangement of the needles, resembling an umbrella, symbolizes individuality and standing out from the crowd.
- Strength: As a pine species, it's generally associated with strength and steadfastness, traits that are admired for resilience in adversity.
- Peace: Japanese Umbrella Pine trees are often found in serene settings like botanical gardens and traditional Japanese temples, symbolizing tranquility and peace.
- Natural Beauty: The aesthetic appeal of these trees, which enhances the landscapes, symbolizes natural beauty and elegance.
WaterThe Japanese Umbrella Pine requires consistent moisture but dislikes standing water. Watering should be done deeply, allowing the soil to become slightly dry between waterings. This typically translates to about 1 to 1.5 gallons per week for established plants, depending on the climate and soil drainage. During hot, dry spells, increase the frequency, ensuring at least 1.5 gallons per week to keep the soil moist. In winter, reduce watering to half a gallon per week because the plant's water requirements decrease with cooler temperatures and reduced light levels.
LightThe Japanese Umbrella Pine thrives in full sun to partial shade. It prefers a spot that receives at least four to six hours of direct sunlight every day. However, in hotter regions, it can benefit from light afternoon shade to prevent scorching of the foliage. The plant should not be placed in deep shade, as this can hinder its growth and reduce the density of its unique needled leaves.
TemperatureThe Japanese Umbrella Pine can tolerate a temperature range from 20 to 90 degrees Fahrenheit but grows best between 60 and 75 degrees Fahrenheit. It can withstand occasional drops below 20 degrees but should be protected from harsh winter winds. The ideal growing conditions involve moderate temperatures without extreme fluctuations.
PruningPruning of the Japanese Umbrella Pine is typically minimal and done for shaping or to remove dead or damaged branches. The best time to prune is in late winter or early spring before new growth starts. Light pruning can be done yearly, but significant cuts should be done less frequently to maintain the natural form of the plant.
CleaningAs needed
SoilJapanese Umbrella Pine prefers acidic to neutral pH soil, ranging from 5.0 to 7.0. A well-draining mix with peat moss, bark chips, and perlite or sand would be ideal. Good aeration and moisture retention are crucial for healthy root development.
RepottingThe Japanese Umbrella Pine does not require frequent repotting; it should be repotted every 3 to 5 years. It's slow-growing and should be repotted in the springtime if the roots have filled the pot.
Humidity & MistingJapanese Umbrella Pine thrives in average to high humidity levels. It is adaptable and does not require any special humidity considerations when planted outdoors in its suitable climate range.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Keep well-lit, dry air, avoid overwatering.
Outdoor
Provide full sun, protect from harsh winds.
Hardiness zone
5-7 USDA
Life cycleSciadopitys verticillata, commonly known as Japanese Umbrella Pine, begins its life cycle when its seeds germinate, typically requiring a period of cold stratification to break dormancy. Upon germination, the seedling emerges and establishes itself, growing a taproot and developing its initial umbrella-like whorls of foliage. As a juvenile, the Japanese Umbrella Pine grows slowly, gradually developing a straight trunk and a distinctive pyramidal shape with more whorls of dark green, shiny needles. Eventually, it reaches maturity and starts reproductive cycling, producing cones; male cones release pollen while female cones develop seeds after pollination. After several years, mature cones will drop seeds that may lead to new plants, continuing the species' life cycle. Throughout its long life, often exceeding 100 years, the tree will periodically grow larger, shed old foliage, and produce new growth at the tips of its branches.
PropogationPropogation time
Early spring
Sciadopitys verticillata, commonly known as Japanese umbrella pine, is best propagated by seed or by cuttings, often with preference towards the latter for maintaining clonal fidelity. One of the most popular methods of propagation for Japanese umbrella pine is by taking semi-hardwood cuttings. This typically occurs in late summer or early autumn. Cuttings should be about 4 to 6 inches (approximately 10 to 15 cm) long, and the lower needles removed to expose a clean stem for planting. The stem is then dipped in rooting hormone to encourage root development and planted in a well-draining soil mix. The cuttings should be kept under high humidity and consistent, but not direct, light until roots have sufficiently developed, which can take several months. It's important to maintain moisture without overwatering to prevent rot.