African violet Streptocarpus ionanthus

Water

African violets prefer slightly moist but not waterlogged soil. As a general rule, water them when the top inch of the soil feels dry to the touch. The frequency of watering can vary depending on factors such as temperature, humidity, pot size, and soil type. On average, watering once or twice a week is often sufficient, but always adjust based on the specific needs of your plant.
Water African violets from the bottom to avoid wetting the leaves, which can lead to leaf spots or rot. Place the pot in a shallow tray or saucer filled with water and let the plant absorb moisture through the drainage holes in the bottom of the pot. Allow the plant to soak up water for about 30 minutes, then remove it from the tray and let any excess water drain away.

Light

Place African violets in a location where they receive bright, filtered light. Avoid exposing them to direct sunlight, as it can scorch their leaves. East or north-facing windows are generally suitable for providing the right amount of light.

Temperature

African violets are generally not cold-tolerant and should be kept away from cold windows or areas prone to chilly drafts.

The ideal temperature range for African violets is between 65 to 75°F (18 to 24°C). They thrive in temperatures similar to those preferred by humans, avoiding extremes on either end.

Avoid placing African violets near drafts, heating vents, or air conditioning units that can cause temperature fluctuations. Sudden changes in temperature can stress the plants and affect their growth.

Pruning

Pruning African violets helps maintain their shape, encourage bushier growth, and remove any diseased or damaged leaves.

Cleaning

As needed

Soil

It's recommended to use a commercially available African violet potting mix or create your own blend. African violet soil mixes often contain a combination of peat moss, perlite, vermiculite, and other organic materials to provide good drainage while retaining moisture.

African violets thrive in slightly acidic soil with a pH range of around 5.5 to 6.5. This slightly acidic environment allows the plants to efficiently absorb nutrients from the soil.

Repotting

Repotting African violets is typically done when the plant outgrows its current pot or when the soil becomes compacted and doesn't drain well anymore.

African violets generally require repotting every 8 to 12 months, depending on their growth rate and the size of the pot. However, if the plant is healthy and not showing signs of being root-bound, you can leave it undisturbed for longer.

When repotting, gently remove the African violet from its current pot, carefully loosen the root ball, and place it in a slightly larger pot with fresh, well-draining soil. Avoid burying the crown of the plant (where the leaves emerge) too deeply.

Humidity & Misting

African violets generally thrive in humidity levels between 40% to 60%. This range provides enough moisture in the air to support healthy foliage and flowering without promoting excessive moisture or humidity-related issues.

Suitable locations

• Indoor

  All year round

• Outdoor

  Can be grown all year round in the right climate

• Hardiness zone

  11-12 USDA

Life cycle

Germination and Seedling Stage: African violets can be propagated from seeds or through other methods such as leaf cuttings. During the germination stage, which typically takes around 2 to 3 weeks, the seeds sprout and develop into seedlings. This stage is usually carried out in a controlled environment, such as a seed tray or small pots with a suitable growing medium.

Vegetative Growth Stage: After the seedlings develop, they enter the vegetative growth stage. This stage involves the growth of leaves, stems, and roots. African violets produce a rosette of leaves from the center of the plant, with new leaves emerging from the center as the outer leaves mature. The plant focuses on establishing a healthy root system and developing foliage during this stage.

Flowering Stage: Once African violets reach maturity, they enter the flowering stage. The exact timing of flowering can vary depending on various factors such as the age of the plant, growing conditions, and cultivar. African violets typically bloom for several weeks to several months. They produce clusters of delicate, colorful flowers that can range from shades of purple, pink, white, and other variations. The flowering stage can occur multiple times throughout the year, with periods of rest in between.

Resting Stage: After a flowering period, African violets enter a resting stage. During this time, the plant may pause in blooming and focus on replenishing its energy reserves. The resting stage allows the plant to recover and prepare for the next growth cycle. It's important to provide appropriate care, such as adjusting watering and fertilization, during this period to support the plant's health.

Propogation

• Propogation time

  Spring - summer

• Leaf cuttings: Select a healthy leaf from the parent plant and remove it with a clean, sharp knife. Dip the cut end into rooting hormone and plant it into a moist, sterile soil mix. Cover with a plastic bag or container to maintain humidity, and place in a warm, bright location. After a few weeks, the cutting should start to root and develop into a new plant.
  
  Division: Carefully remove the parent plant from its pot and separate the crowns or "babies" that have formed around the base. Plant each crown into a new pot with fresh soil mix and water thoroughly.
  
  African violets can be propagated any time of year, but the best time is in the spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.

Pests

Spider mite, Thrips, Mealybug, Aphid

Diseases

Root Rot, Powdery mildew