Ashmead's Kernel Malus domestica 'Ashmead's Kernel' (D)
ABOUT
The plant commonly known as Ashmead's Kernel is renowned for its distinctive fruit. The apples it produces are highly regarded for their unique flavor profile. The fruit has a russeted, golden-brown skin that can sometimes exhibit a subtle orange tint. The russeting tends to be rough and netted, which gives the apples a classic, heritage look. Upon maturation, its fruits can be medium-sized, and they frequently exhibit an asymmetrical, slightly irregular shape. The skin of the apple, while predominantly golden brown due to the russeting, may show patches of green or a pale yellow undertone. When you cut into the apple, you will find the flesh is typically cream-colored, firm, and dense. It is known for being particularly juicy, which makes it a favorite for fresh eating. The tree itself, which bears these delightful fruits, has a typical apple tree appearance. It showcases a branching habit with a substantial central stem from which the branches grow outwards. Foliage on the tree is a lush green, and the leaves are broad with a slightly toothed edge, typical of apple varieties. In spring, the tree is adorned with blossoms that are white with a hint of pink, lending a picturesque quality to the plant. Throughout the growing season, these blossoms give way to the noted fruit, with the apple itself being the central visual focus for anyone interested in this particular variety. The Ashmead's Kernel, owing to its heritage and the quality of its fruit, is a cherished variety among apple enthusiasts and is cultivated not just for its agriculture but also for its ornamental appeal.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Rosaceae
Synonyms
Ashmead's Kernel Apple
Common names
Malus domestica 'Ashmead's Kernel'
ToxicityTo humans
The plant commonly known as apple is not toxic to humans when consumed as fruit. However, apple seeds contain amygdalin, a compound that can release cyanide when ingested in extremely large quantities. Cyanide is a potent poison, and symptoms of cyanide poisoning include headache, dizziness, confusion, seizures, and possible loss of consciousness leading to coma. It is important to note that accidental consumption of a few apple seeds is generally considered harmless, as the human body can detoxify small amounts of cyanide, and the seeds also have a protective coating that may prevent release of the toxin unless they are chewed. Normal consumption of apple fruit, excluding the seeds, does not pose a toxicity risk to humans.
To pets
The apple, specifically the fruit of the Malus domestica 'Ashmead's Kernel', is generally safe for pets like dogs and cats to consume in moderate amounts. However, like in humans, the seeds contain amygdalin, which can be toxic if ingested in large enough amounts as it can release cyanide. Symptoms of cyanide poisoning in pets may include drooling, dilated pupils, difficulty breathing, panting, shock, and in severe cases, coma or death. It is advisable to remove the seeds and core before feeding apples to pets to avoid any risk of toxicity. The flesh of the apple itself is not toxic and can be a healthy treat for pets when given in moderation.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
White
Height
12-15 feet (3.7-4.6 meters)
Spread
12-15 feet (3.7-4.6 meters)
Plant type
Tree
Hardiness zones
5-8
Native area
Asia
Benefits
General Benefits- High Nutritional Value: Provides essential vitamins and minerals as a part of a healthy diet.
- Culinary Versatility: Can be used in a wide range of recipes from fresh eating to baking and cooking.
- Pollination: Serves as a pollinator species for other apple varieties, enhancing biodiversity.
- Ornamental Beauty: Adds aesthetic value to gardens with its blossoms and fruit.
- Local Food Source: Can be grown and harvested locally, reducing food miles and supporting local economies.
- Shade Provider: Offers shade in landscapes and can help reduce energy costs by shading buildings.
- Habitat for Wildlife: Supports wildlife by providing food and shelter for birds and beneficial insects.
- Social & Cultural Significance: Part of cultural traditions and festivals, especially related to autumn and harvest.
- Economic Value: Orchards provide income for growers and contribute to the agricultural sector.
- Food Security: Contributes to food diversity and availability throughout the year when stored properly.
Medical Properties- Rich in antioxidants: Apple varieties such as Malus domestica 'Ashmead's Kernel' are known to be high in antioxidants, which can help in reducing oxidative stress in the body and may lower the risk of chronic diseases.
- Dietary fiber: Apples contain dietary fiber, which is beneficial for digestive health and can aid in maintaining a healthy weight by promoting a feeling of fullness.
- Vitamin C: This fruit provides vitamin C, which is important for the immune system, skin health, and the repair of body tissues.
- Heart health: The polyphenols in apples, such as quercetin, have been studied for their potential to lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases by improving cholesterol levels and reducing blood pressure.
- Blood sugar control: The type of fiber found in apples can slow down the digestion of sugars, thereby helping to regulate blood sugar levels.
- Potential cancer prevention: Some studies suggest that the phytochemicals present in apples might contribute to a reduced risk of certain types of cancer, although more research is needed.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Wood Crafting: Apple tree wood is dense and can be used in the creation of small woodworking projects like handles for tools or carved ornaments.
- Natural Dyes: The bark and leaves of the apple tree can be used to produce gentle, natural dyes for fabrics or yarns.
- Livestock Feed: The excess or fallen apples can serve as a food supplement for pigs, sheep, and other livestock.
- Apple Pomace Uses: After juice extraction, the remaining pulp, or pomace, can be utilized as a substrate for fermentation processes or even as livestock feed.
- Preservation of Other Foods: Apples emit ethylene gas, which can be used to hasten the ripening of other fruits when stored together.
- Tree Grafting Practice: Apple trees are commonly used by horticulturists and hobbyists to practice grafting techniques due to their compatibility with various other species within the Malus genus.
- Smoking Wood: Apple wood can be used for smoking meat, imparting a sweet, mild flavor that is desirable in smoked cuisines.
- Photography Projects: The blossoms of the apple tree provide an aesthetic background or subject for nature photography endeavors.
- Educational Tools: Apple trees can be used in educational settings to teach students about plant biology, life cycles, and the importance of pollinators.
- Play Structures: Older, sturdy apple trees can serve as natural play structures for children, encouraging outdoor play and interaction with nature.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe plant Apple Tree is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe plant Apple Tree is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Knowledge: As the fruit of the apple tree, the apple has been a symbol of knowledge since the story of Adam and Eve in the Judeo-Christian tradition.
- Immortality: Apples are associated with immortality in Norse and Greek mythologies, where gods eat apples for eternal youth.
- Love and Desire: Often, apples represent love and desire, perhaps from their connection to the goddesses of love in various mythologies, like Aphrodite in Greek mythology.
- Forbidden Wisdom or Temptation: Echoing the Biblical tale, apples can symbolize forbidden knowledge or the temptation to pursue it.
- Fertility and Abundance: The apple’s multitude of seeds make it a symbol of fertility, while a full apple tree represents abundance.
- Beauty: The apple is a classical symbol of beauty, as seen in tales where it is awarded to the most beautiful, such as the golden apple in the story of the Judgement of Paris in Trojan lore.
- Peace: In some cultures, the apple can represent peace, as giving an apple is seen as a gesture of goodwill and harmony.
WaterThe apple tree, specifically Ashmead's Kernel, requires regular watering to maintain even soil moisture, especially during the first few years to establish a strong root system. Young trees typically need about 5 to 10 gallons of water per week, depending on the weather conditions. Mature trees need more water but less frequently; about 15 to 20 gallons every two weeks should suffice in dry periods. During active growth and fruiting seasons, keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. Increasing water slightly in the weeks leading up to harvest can help improve fruit plumpness, but overwatering can cause fruit to burst, so balance is key.
LightAshmead's Kernel apple trees thrive best in full sunlight, receiving at least six hours of direct sunlight daily. Ideal planting spots are open areas away from larger structures or trees that might shade them. Full sun exposure is crucial for the health of the tree, encouraging strong growth and optimal fruit production.
TemperatureApple trees like Ashmead's Kernel prefer temperate climates and can generally withstand winter temperatures as low as -20°F. The ideal growing temperature range during the growing season is between 60°F to 75°F. Summer temperatures consistently above 90°F can stress the trees and lead to poor fruit development.
PruningPruning Ashmead's Kernel apple trees is important for maintaining tree health, encouraging fruit production, and managing tree size. Prune during the dormant season, usually late winter or early spring, before new growth starts. Thin out crowded branches to allow light and air circulation, which helps reduce the risk of disease. Annual pruning is beneficial for the tree, but be careful not to over-prune, as this can reduce the fruit set.
CleaningAs needed
SoilFor Apple 'Ashmead's Kernel', a well-draining loam or sandy loam soil rich in organic matter is ideal. A soil pH of 6.0 to 7.0 is optimal for nutrient uptake. Amend the soil with compost and balanced fertilizer to support healthy growth.
RepottingApple trees, including 'Ashmead's Kernel', are not typically repotted as they are grown in the ground. Instead, they may require occasional transplanting, done during dormancy in late winter or early spring every few years if necessary.
Humidity & MistingApple 'Ashmead's Kernel' prefers moderate humidity levels common in outdoor environments. They do not require specific humidity control and are adaptable to a range of atmospheric conditions, as long as other needs like sunlight and watering are met.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Not suitable for indoor growth; needs outdoor conditions.
Outdoor
Plant in full sun, well-draining soil, water regularly.
Hardiness zone
5-8 USDA
Life cycleThe common name for Malus domestica 'Ashmead's Kernel' is the Ashmead's Kernel apple. The life of this apple tree begins with dormancy during the cold winter months, followed by bud break in early spring as temperatures rise. After bud break, the tree flowers, typically in mid to late spring, depending on the climate, leading to pollination, often with the help of bees and other insects. Upon successful pollination, the flowers develop into fruit, with apples maturing through the summer and ready for harvest in late summer to fall. The tree then begins to prepare for dormancy once more, shedding its leaves in autumn. Over years, the Ashmead's Kernel apple tree will grow stronger and more productive, reaching its peak fruiting potential before eventually aging and declining in productivity.
PropogationPropogation time
Late Winter
Propogation: The most popular method for propagating the apple tree known as 'Ashmead's Kernel' is through grafting. This technique is typically performed in late winter or early spring before the tree starts its annual growth cycle. In grafting, a scion or young shoot from an 'Ashmead's Kernel' apple tree is cut and then attached to a rootstock, which is the root system of another apple tree variety that has desirable attributes such as disease resistance or adaptation to soil conditions. The scion and rootstock are carefully joined together by making a diagonal cut on each and binding them so that the cambium layers, the growing parts of the tree, are in close contact. Wrapped with grafting tape or a similar material to hold it in place, the graft site is then covered with grafting wax or sealant to prevent drying and infection. After the graft has healed and the scion begins to grow, it develops into a new 'Ashmead's Kernel' apple tree, genetically identical to the parent tree from which the scion was taken.
