Mother apple Malus domestica 'Mother' (D)
ABOUT
The plant known as the 'Mother' apple tree is characterized by a spreading canopy lush with green foliage. The leaves are oval-shaped, with a finely toothed margin and a glossy surface, presenting a vibrant green hue that can be bright to dark, depending on the time of the season. It typically blooms in spring, producing flowers that are pristine white to pale pink in color, with a delicate, slightly cupped shape. These blossoms give way to the 'Mother' apple's most prized feature: the fruit. The apples are medium-sized, with a skin that can range from a rich red to a striated pattern of red over a yellow background. The flesh inside is firm and crisp, offering a sweet taste with a slight tartness that is often favored for both eating fresh and for baking. The apple's overall appearance is enticing, displaying a classic apple contour with a slightly flattened base and a slightly dimpled top. The tree itself, regardless of its precise dimensions, gives an impression of robustness and productivity, with branches extending outwards to create a naturally appealing form. The bark on the trunk and limbs is typically textured, with a grey-brown tone that provides a sturdy background for the lively leaves and vibrant fruit. Overall, the 'Mother' apple tree is celebrated for its aesthetic qualities, from the seasonal show of flowers to the harvest of picturesque apples that dangle from its branches like ornaments.
About this plant
- Names
Family
Rosaceae
Synonyms
Mother Apple
Common names
Malus domestica 'Mother'.
- Toxicity
To humans
Apple trees, which include the 'Mother' cultivar of Malus domestica, are not considered toxic to humans when it comes to the fruit part that we commonly consume. However, it is important to note that the seeds inside the apples contain amygdalin, a compound that can release cyanide into the body when digested. While a small number of seeds may not cause harm, consuming a large amount could potentially lead to cyanide poisoning, which might result in symptoms such as headache, confusion, nausea, difficulty breathing, hypotension, and possibly loss of consciousness or even death if consumed in very high quantities.
To pets
For pets, particularly dogs and cats, apple trees, such as the 'Mother' cultivar of Malus domestica, present a similar risk as to humans when it comes to the seeds containing amygdalin. If a pet chews and ingests the seeds, they can potentially be poisoned by the release of cyanide. Symptoms of cyanide poisoning in pets might include dilated pupils, difficulty breathing, panting, shock, and in severe cases, coma or death. It is generally recommended to keep pets from accessing fallen apples that might contain seeds to prevent the risk of poisoning.
- Characteristics
Life cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
White
Height
12-15 feet (3.7-4.6 meters)
Spread
10-14 feet (3-4.3 meters)
Plant type
Tree
Hardiness zones
4-8
Native area
Asia
Benefits
- General Benefits
- Provides fresh fruit: The apple tree produces fruit that can be eaten fresh, providing a natural and healthy food source.
- Can be used in cooking: Apples from these trees are versatile and can be used in pies, sauces, and various recipes.
- Ornamental value: Apple trees have attractive blossoms in the spring which add beauty to the landscape.
- Shade provider: Mature apple trees can offer shade in gardens and outdoor spaces.
- Supports biodiversity: Apple trees can support various forms of wildlife, including bees during blossom and birds that feed on the fruit.
- Educational opportunities: Growing apple trees can be used as a learning tool for teaching about plant life cycles and horticulture.
- Economic value: Apple production can contribute to local economies, especially in regions where apples are a major agricultural product.
- Culinary diversity: Different varieties of apples, including 'Mother', provide a range of flavors and textures for culinary use.
- Pollination: Apple trees require cross-pollination, encouraging the presence and diversity of pollinators.
- Medical Properties
This plant is not used for medical purposes.
- Air-purifying Qualities
This plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
- Other Uses
- Cooking Apple Substitute: When traditional cooking apples are not available, Mother apples can be used in various recipes such as pies, tarts, and crumbles due to their flavor and texture.
- Natural Dye: The skin of the Mother apple can be used to create a natural dye, which can impart a range of colors from yellow to pinkish tones on fabrics and materials.
- Art Supplies: Children can use sliced Mother apples as stamps to create art, by dipping them in paint and pressing them onto paper to create patterns.
- Wildlife Food: Mother apples can also serve as a winter food source for birds and other wildlife when left on the trees or scattered on the ground.
- Photography Prop: The unique appearance of Mother apples makes them a photogenic prop for still life photography or as an element in product shoots.
- Apple Cider: Although not the traditional apple for cider, the Mother variety can be used to experiment with unique flavor profiles in homemade apple ciders.
- Decorative Arrangements: The Mother apple can be featured in autumnal and harvest-themed decorative arrangements or centerpieces.
- Educational Tool: The Mother apple tree can serve as an educational tool in botanical gardens or schools to teach about plant cultivation and varietal differences.
- Fruit Leather: Creating homemade fruit leather snacks is another unusual use for Mother apples, as their flavor can add a unique twist to this healthy treat.
- Apple Syrup: Through reduction, Mother apples can be turned into a sweet syrup, which can be used as a topping for pancakes, waffles, or ice cream.
Interesting Facts
- Feng Shui
The apple tree is not commonly used in Feng Shui practice.
- Zodiac Sign Compitability
The apple tree is not used in astrology practice.
- Plant Symbolism
- Love and Affection: The apple, especially the 'Mother' variety, often symbolizes love and affection, stemming from the fruit's association with various goddesses of love in mythology.
- Beauty and Permanence: As a fruit that can withstand cool temperatures and keep well over time, apples can represent beauty that endures.
- Knowledge and Wisdom: The apple is frequently associated with knowledge and wisdom, harking back to the story of Adam and Eve, where it represented the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge.
- Temptation and Sin: In some religious traditions, the apple symbolizes temptation and original sin, again linked to the biblical narrative.
- Fertility and Abundance: Apples are often a symbol of fertility and abundance due to their plentiful fruit and the many seeds they contain, which suggests the potential for new growth.
- Health and Well-being: The saying "an apple a day keeps the doctor away" reflects the apple's association with health and well-being.
- Water
When watering the apple tree 'Mother', it is important to maintain consistent moisture, especially during the first few years and during dry spells. Water young trees weekly with about 15-20 gallons, depending on weather conditions. Mature trees should be watered every 2 to 3 weeks with 20-30 gallons if there is no significant rainfall. During hot, dry periods, increase the frequency of watering. Always water deeply to encourage root growth, avoiding shallow, frequent watering that can lead to weak root systems.
- Light
Apple trees like 'Mother' require full sun to thrive, with at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight daily. The best spot for planting them is in an open area away from taller trees or buildings that could shade them. Proper sunlight ensures good fruit development and helps prevent fungal diseases by allowing foliage to dry quickly.
- Temperature
Apple trees such as 'Mother' can tolerate winter temperatures as low as -30°F, but they need to enter into dormancy properly to survive the cold. The ideal growth temperature for 'Mother' is between 60°F and 75°F. It is essential to plant the tree where the winter chill is sufficient to break dormancy, ensuring proper blossoming and fruit set in the spring.
- Pruning
Pruning the 'Mother' apple tree is crucial for good fruit production, sunlight penetration, and air circulation. Prune annually during the dormant season, typically in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Remove any dead, diseased, or crossing branches, and thin out the canopy to ensure that light reaches the interior of the tree. Keep the center of the tree open by trimming back the main branches to promote a strong, well-shaped tree.
- Cleaning
As needed
- Soil
Apple trees like 'Mother' thrive in well-draining, loamy soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. A mix of garden soil, compost, and peat moss is ideal for providing nutrients and adequate drainage.
- Repotting
Apple trees such as 'Mother' do not typically need repotting as they are grown outdoors. Instead, they may require transplanting every few years if grown in a nursery setting before being planted in a permanent location.
- Humidity & Misting
Apple trees like 'Mother' prefer outdoor conditions and are generally tolerant of a wide range of humidity levels, they do not have specific indoor humidity requirements.
- Suitable locations
Indoor
Not ideal to grow 'Mother' apple trees indoors.
Outdoor
Plant in full sun, well-draining soil, and water regularly.
Hardiness zone
4-8 USDA
- Life cycle
The Mother apple tree, like other Malus domestica cultivars, begins its life as a seed that germinates in the soil, developing into a seedling. With adequate sunlight, water, and nutrients, the seedling grows into a young tree, which will take several years before it reaches maturity and is capable of bearing fruit. Upon maturity, the apple tree enters a yearly cycle of flowering in the spring, when blossoms are pollinated by insects, primarily bees. Following pollination, the flowers develop into fruit, with apples typically maturing in late summer to fall, depending on the climate and conditions. Once the apples are ripe, they can be harvested, after which the tree enters a period of dormancy during the winter months. This cycle repeats annually, with the apple tree potentially living and bearing fruit for several decades.
- Propogation
Propogation time
Late winter to early spring
The most popular method of propagating the 'Mother' apple tree, or Malus domestica 'Mother', is through grafting. Grafting is usually done in late winter to early spring, before the tree starts active growth. Scion wood, which is a twig from a mature 'Mother' apple tree, is cut and attached to a compatible rootstock. The chosen rootstock will determine the size of the tree and its resistance to various soil and climatic conditions. The scion should have several buds and is typically 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15 cm) in length. The cut end of the scion is shaped to fit snugly against the rootstock, and the two are bound together with grafting tape, wax, or a similar material to protect the join from air and pathogens until it heals and the scion begins to grow on its own, taking nutrients from the rootstock.