Hart's Pennyroyal Mentha cervina
ABOUT
Mentha cervina, more commonly known as Hart's pennyroyal, is a perennial herb characterized by a robust mint-like smell. It belongs to the mint family and shares many typical features of this herbaceous group. Hart's pennyroyal has a creeping nature and tends to spread across the area it occupies, although specifics on its growth measurements are not discussed. The leaves of Hart's pennyroyal exhibit a deep green hue, are glossy, and have slightly serrated edges providing a somewhat textured feel to the touch. They are arranged oppositely on the stems, which is a distinctive pattern observed in mint relatives. When this plant blossoms, it produces small, delicate flowers that are usually a shade of lilac or pale purple. These blooms cluster into what is known as inflorescences, or groups of flowers that form a pattern, sometimes referred to as whorls or spirals, along the stem. The stems of Hart's pennyroyal are square in cross-section, another common feature of the mint family. These stems, along with the leaves, can provide an aromatic quality to the plant when they are crushed or brushed against, releasing the plant's essential oils into the air. The overall aspect of the plant is one that is both visually appealing and fragrantly inviting, typically seen in gardens and wild settings where it can thrive under the right conditions.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Lamiaceae
Synonyms
Hart's Pennyroyal, Preslia, Brook Mint, Water Spearmint
Common names
Preslia cervina, Mentha aquatica var. cervina, Preslia pubescens.
ToxicityTo humans
Hart's pennyroyal (Mentha cervina) is generally not considered toxic to humans, and is sometimes used in culinary applications. When consumed in reasonable amounts, it typically does not result in poisoning. However, large quantities or the concentrated oil of pennyroyal (from any Mentha species) can be toxic to humans, potentially causing liver and lung damage, abortion, and even death.
To pets
Hart's pennyroyal is typically not considered highly toxic to pets. However, just as in humans, large quantities or the essential oils from the plant can be harmful. The ingestion of substantial amounts of pennyroyal essential oil could lead to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, lethargy, and in severe cases, organ damage or failure. Pet owners should exercise caution and consult with a veterinarian if their pet consumes a large quantity of pennyroyal or shows any adverse reactions.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Evergreen
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
Lavender
Height
1 feet 6 inches (45.72 cm)
Spread
1 feet 6 inches (45.72 cm)
Plant type
Herb
Hardiness zones
6
Native area
Mediterranean
Benefits
General Benefits- Culinary uses - Mentha cervina, also known as Hart's pennyroyal, is often used to flavor food and beverages, adding a unique minty aroma and taste.
- Aromatherapy - The plant’s essential oils can be used in aromatherapy to provide a refreshing and invigorating scent.
- Ornamental value - With its attractive foliage and pale lilac flowers, it can be used to beautify gardens and landscapes.
- Pest repellent - The strong scent of Hart's pennyroyal can naturally repel certain insects and pests.
- Companion planting - It may be planted alongside other crops to enhance growth or protect against pests through companion planting strategies.
- Cultural significance - In some cultures, Hart's pennyroyal is used in traditional ceremonies or has historical significance.
- Soil improvement - Like many mint species, it can help in improving the soil structure and health as it grows.
Medical Properties- Antimicrobial action: Mentha cervina has been shown to have antimicrobial properties against a range of bacteria and fungi.
- Antioxidant effects: It contains compounds with antioxidant activity which may protect against oxidative stress.
- Antispasmodic properties: The plant has been traditionally used to relieve spasms and cramps in the digestive system.
- Analgesic properties: There is evidence to suggest Mentha cervina may have pain-relieving effects.
- Anti-inflammatory properties: Some studies have indicated that the menthol contained within the plant can help reduce inflammation.
- Carminative effects: Mentha cervina has been used to help alleviate digestive issues such as flatulence and bloating.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Mentha cervina, also known as Hart's Pennyroyal, is used as a natural insect repellent due to its strong minty scent which is disliked by many insects.
- It can be planted between paving stones and in garden pathways where the gentle crushing underfoot will release its pleasant fragrance.
- The plant is used in potpourri mixtures, contributing a fresh aromatic scent to the blend.
- The essential oil derived from Hart's Pennyroyal is utilized in aromatherapy for creating a calming and refreshing atmosphere.
- Culinary uses include flavoring sauces, drinks, and desserts though it's less common compared to other mints.
- Hart's Pennyroyal can be dried and used as a natural moth repellent in wardrobes and drawers.
- The herb is used in landscaping as a low-growing ground cover that can tolerate foot traffic.
- When dried, branches of Mentha cervina can be used to create decorative wreaths and other craft items.
- It can be used as an ornamental feature in water gardens or near ponds owing to its preference for damp conditions.
- The leaves of Hart's Pennyroyal are sometimes used to impart a minty flavor in homemade toothpaste recipes.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe plant Mentha cervina, commonly known as "Hart's pennyroyal" is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityHart's pennyroyal is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Refreshment: Mentha cervina, commonly known as Hart's Pennyroyal, is often associated with the feeling of being refreshed, as its crisp and invigorating scent can re-energize and revitalize the senses.
- Healing: Hart's Pennyroyal has been used in traditional medicine for its antiseptic and healing properties, symbolizing the ability to support health and wellness.
- Cleansing: With its strong, clean aroma, Hart's Pennyroyal is believed to purify the air and environment, signifying cleanliness and the removal of negative energy.
- Protection: Historically, pennyroyals were used to ward off insects and pests, representing the plant’s symbolic meaning of protection and defense against harm.
WaterHart's pennyroyal should be watered regularly to maintain consistently moist soil, especially during the growing season. Typically, watering this plant every 1 to 2 days during hot weather and reducing to once or twice a week during cooler months is appropriate. When watering, apply water directly to the soil until it begins to run through the drainage holes, which may equate to approximately 1 gallon for outdoor plants or 8-16 onzes for smaller indoor pots. Adjust the amount of water and frequency based on soil moisture, reducing watering in winter or during periods of rain.
LightHart's pennyroyal prefers full sun to partial shade conditions. The ideal location is one where the plant can receive at least 4 to 6 hours of direct sunlight daily, but it can also tolerate and thrive in slightly shaded areas. Avoid placing it in deep shade as this will inhibit its growth and may result in leggy plants.
TemperatureHart's pennyroyal can endure a wide range of temperatures but grows best when daytime temperatures are between 60°F to 70°F. This plant is hardy and can survive minimum temperatures down to about 30°F, however, it should be protected from frost. During extremely hot days, the plant can withstand temperatures up to 80°F, but it is crucial to maintain adequate moisture levels in the soil.
PruningPruning Hart's pennyroyal is important for encouraging bushier growth and preventing legginess. It's best to prune lightly throughout the growing season whenever the plant appears to be getting too long or overgrown. Pruning in the early spring can help to promote vigorous growth. Pinching off the tips of the stems is often sufficient for maintaining a compact and healthy plant.
CleaningAs needed
SoilHart's pennyroyal, or Mentha cervina, thrives in well-draining, fertile soil that is slightly acidic to neutral in pH, typically between 6.0 to 7.0. A high-quality potting mix amended with compost and perlite will create the ideal environment for growth, ensuring both sufficient drainage and nutrient content.
RepottingHart's pennyroyal should be repotted every one to two years to prevent it from becoming root-bound and to replenish the soil's nutrients. Spring is the best time for repotting, just before the growing season begins.
Humidity & MistingHart's pennyroyal prefers moderate to high humidity levels. Consistent humidity around 40-60% is ideal for maintaining healthy growth, as it replicates the plant's natural humid habitat.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Place Hart's pennyroyal in a bright spot, away from direct sun.
Outdoor
Plant Hart's pennyroyal in partial shade with moist soil.
Hardiness zone
7-11 USDA
Life cycleMentha cervina, commonly known as Hart's Pennyroyal, begins its lifecycle with the germination of seeds, which require warm temperatures and adequate moisture to sprout. Following germination, the seedling emerges and establishes a root system while developing its first pair of true leaves. As it enters the vegetative growth stage, Hart's Pennyroyal develops a bushy habit with numerous stems, and its foliage, which is highly aromatic, continues to expand. The plant then progresses to the flowering stage, producing small, lilac or purple flowers in whorls around the stem, which attract various pollinators. After pollination, the flowers develop into small nutlets, which are the plant's seeds, completing its reproductive cycle. Finally, as a perennial herb, Hart's Pennyroyal can persist through multiple growing seasons, entering a period of dormancy during colder months and resuming active growth as temperatures rise.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring to Summer
Mentha cervina, commonly known as Hart's pennyroyal, is generally propagated through the division of root sections or from cuttings. For root division, the most effective time is either early spring or fall. To propagate Hart's pennyroyal using this method, gardeners can carefully dig up the plant, ensuring a good amount of root is attached, and then divide it into smaller sections, making sure each new plant has a portion of the root system. These sections can then be replanted into moist, well-draining soil, spaced about 12 to 18 inches apart (approximately 30 to 45 centimeters), allowing enough room for growth. This method is popular for its simplicity and high success rate, as the divisions usually take root easily and begin to grow into new plants quickly.
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