Chameleon plant Houttuynia cordata 'Flore Pleno' (d)
ABOUT
Houttuynia cordata 'Flore Pleno', commonly known as chameleon plant, exhibits a striking and ornamental appearance. This particular cultivar is known for its lush, multi-colored foliage that often combines shades of green, yellow, red, and cream, contributing to its common name that alludes to the reptile known for changing color. The heart-shaped leaves add to its visual appeal, with their coloration sometimes varying depending on the light exposure and growing conditions. Beyond its colorful leaves, one of the main distinguishing features of the 'Flore Pleno' cultivar is its double-flowered form. Unlike the species' typical single bloom, this variety produces flowers that are fuller and showier, with multiple layers of petals giving them a ruffled appearance. These flowers are usually white and are complemented by prominent, leaf-like bracts which may also show some hue variations, similar to the actual foliage. Additionally, the chameleon plant is notable for its spreading habit, thanks to its rhizomes that allow it to form dense mats of ground cover. It has a vigorous nature, which means it can quickly fill in areas, albeit sometimes too aggressively for some gardeners' liking. The overall aesthetic of the plant is one of lushness and vibrancy, with its foliage often being the star of the show due to the striking variegation.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Saururaceae.
Synonyms
Chameleon Plant, Fish Mint, Fish Leaf, Rainbow Plant, Heart Leaf, Fish Wort, Bishop's Weed, Chinese Lizard Tail, Double Flowered Chameleon Plant.
Common names
Houttuynia cordata var. plena, Houttuynia cordata 'Plena'.
ToxicityTo humans
Houttuynia cordata, commonly known as chameleon plant, does not have a widespread reputation for being toxic to humans. There is no well-documented evidence of poisoning from the ingestion of the chameleon plant and it is considered non-toxic. In some cultures, the plant is even used for culinary purposes, suggesting that it is safe for human consumption in moderation. However, just as with any plant, individual allergies or sensitivities can occur, so it is always best to be cautious when coming into contact with or consuming plants that one might not be familiar with.
To pets
Chameleon plant is not known to be toxic to pets. There is no significant evidence that Houttuynia cordata poses a threat when ingested by animals such as dogs or cats. As with any non-food plant, ingestion in large quantities could potentially cause mild stomach upset in some pets due to the unfamiliar plant matter but otherwise, the chameleon plant is not expected to cause serious harm or toxicity. Owners should still monitor their pets for unusual behavior and consult with a veterinarian if any concerns arise following ingestion of any plant material.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Mixed
Flower color
Mixed
Height
1-2 feet (30-60 cm)
Spread
1-2 feet (30-60 cm)
Plant type
Herb
Hardiness zones
4-10
Native area
Southeast Asia
Benefits
General Benefits- Aesthetic Appeal: Houttuynia cordata 'Flore Pleno', commonly known as Chameleon Plant, has a unique and attractive appearance with variegated leaves that can add color and visual interest to a garden or landscape.
- Ground Cover: Its fast-spreading habit makes it an excellent ground cover, helping to reduce soil erosion and suppress weeds.
- Low Maintenance: Once established, Chameleon Plant requires minimal care, making it suitable for gardeners of all skill levels.
- Adaptability: It is adaptable to a wide range of soil conditions and can thrive in both full sun and partial shade.
- Moisture Tolerance: This plant has a high tolerance for moisture and can be used in wet garden areas where other plants might not survive.
- Wildlife Attraction: The flowers can attract pollinators like insects, which are beneficial for the ecosystem of the garden.
- Culinary Uses: Though not a benefit of the ornamental variety 'Flore Pleno', the species Houttuynia cordata is used in some Asian cuisines, representing the potential of edibility in the plant family.
Medical Properties- Antibacterial: Houttuynia cordata has been traditionally used for its potential to fight bacterial infections.
- Anti-inflammatory: Contains compounds that may help reduce inflammation in the body.
- Antiviral: Some studies suggest it has antiviral capabilities, particularly against certain strains of viruses.
- Immunomodulatory effects: It may have properties that modulate the immune system, possibly benefiting immune response.
- Antioxidant: It may help to reduce oxidative stress due to its potential antioxidant activity.
- Diuretic: Traditionally used to promote diuresis, aiding in the removal of excess water and toxins from the body.
- Antiallergic: It has been used to treat allergies and related symptoms in some traditional medicine systems.
- Detoxifying: Thought to help detoxify the body and improve overall health in traditional practices.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- The leaves of Houttuynia cordata can be used as a natural dye, producing a range of colors from yellow to green depending on the mordant used.
- The plant's leaves and stems can be used in compost as a green layer, contributing nitrogen and moisture to the compost pile.
- Due to its rapid growth and spreading habit, Houttuynia cordata can be used as a ground cover in shaded garden areas where other plants might struggle to thrive.
- The plant has been used as a food wrap in traditional cooking, where its leaves impart a distinctive flavor to steamed or grilled foods.
- An infusion of the leaves can be used in the garden as a natural pest deterrent, warding off certain insects and fungal diseases.
- The plant's attractive foliage and flowers make it a suitable candidate for ornamental water gardens and koi ponds, as it can provide shade and shelter for aquatic life.
- In areas prone to soil erosion, Houttuynia cordata's dense root system can help stabilize the soil and prevent runoff.
- The plant can be used in sensory gardens due to its strong scent when the leaves are crushed, providing an olfactory experience.
- When dried and used in potpourri, the leaves can add a unique aroma to a room, though the scent might not be pleasant to all individuals.
- Its vibrant leaves can be used in a floral arrangement as filler foliage to complement flowers and create a fuller bouquet.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiChameleon plant is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityChameleon plant is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Resilience: Houttuynia cordata 'Flore Pleno', commonly known as Chameleon Plant, is known for its vigorous growth and ability to thrive in various conditions, symbolizing adaptability and resilience in the face of adversity.
- Healing: The Chameleon Plant is used in traditional medicine, especially in Asia, representing healing and the restoration of health.
- Balance: With its balanced growth habit and heart-shaped leaves, the Chameleon Plant is often associated with harmony and balance in life.
- Variety: The varying colors of the Chameleon Plant's leaves, which can include shades of green, yellow, and red, symbolize diversity and richness in experiences or relationships.
WaterChameleon plant prefers consistently moist soil, so it's important to water it regularly. It should be watered deeply once or twice a week, providing about 1 inch of water each time. During hotter, drier periods, you may need to water more frequently to maintain moisture levels. It's best to use a soaking method, allowing water to penetrate the soil directly around the root zone. In terms of the amount, plan on using approximately half a gallon of water per square foot every week, adjusting as needed based on weather conditions and soil drainage.
LightChameleon plant thrives in partial shade to full sun. The ideal spot for this plant would be an area that receives morning sunlight and is shaded during the hottest part of the day. However, it can also adapt to full sun exposure if necessary, though this might increase its need for water. Avoid placing it in deep shade as this can hinder its vigorous growth and the vibrancy of its foliage.
TemperatureChameleon plant does well in a wide range of temperatures but prefers to be in conditions between 50 and 90 degrees Fahrenheit. It can survive minimum temperatures down to 30 degrees Fahrenheit but should be protected from frost. The ideal temperature range promotes healthy growth and ensures the survival of the plant through varying seasons.
PruningPruning chameleon plant can help control its invasive nature and encourage bushier growth. Cut back the plant in early spring or late winter before new growth starts. Pruning can be done as needed throughout the growing season to remove any unruly or dead stems. The best time for major pruning is when the plant is dormant to minimize stress.
CleaningAs needed
SoilChameleon Plant thrives in moist, rich, well-draining soil with a pH of around 6.0 to 7.5. A good soil mix is composed of two parts peat, one part perlite, and one part pine bark fines for optimal drainage and fertility.
RepottingChameleon Plants should be repotted every 2-3 years to refresh the soil and accommodate root growth. They can be invasive, so regular repotting also helps to control their spread.
Humidity & MistingChameleon Plant prefers high humidity levels, ideally above 50%, to thrive. Providing a humid environment will mimic its natural habitat and support its lush growth.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Provide bright, indirect light and keep moist.
Outdoor
Plant in moist, shaded area with ample space.
Hardiness zone
5-11 USDA.
Life cycleHouttuynia cordata 'Flore Pleno', commonly known as double flowered chameleon plant, starts its life as a seed, which upon finding suitable moist soil conditions, germinates in early spring. The seedling quickly develops into a young plant with heart-shaped leaves and begins to spread via rhizomes, creating a dense mat. As it reaches maturity, typically in late spring to early summer, it produces striking double-petaled, white flowers with a central tuft of green leaves that have a fishy odor when crushed. After flowering, the plant sets small fruits that rarely produce viable seeds, with the species primarily propagating itself vegetatively through its invasive root system. In fall, with colder temperatures, the foliage may die back, but the roots overwinter and persist in the soil, ready to regrow the following spring. In colder climates, the plant may exhibit a deciduous behavior, while in warmer regions it can remain evergreen, resuming growth more vigorously when favorable conditions return.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring-Early Summer
The most popular method of propagating Houttuynia cordata 'Flore Pleno', commonly known as Chameleon plant, is by division. Propagation by division is best carried out in the spring as the plant emerges from dormancy. To propagate by division, gently lift a clump of the plant from the soil. Using a sharp knife or spade, divide the clump into smaller sections, making sure that each section has a portion of the root system attached. Replant the divisions immediately, spacing them about 12 inches (approximately 30 centimeters) apart to allow for growth. Keep the soil moist until the new divisions are well established. This method of propagation is highly effective for the Chameleon plant due to its robust root system and can quickly lead to an increase in your plant collection.
