Bigleaf Hydrangea Hydrangea macrophylla 'Nigra' (H)
ABOUT
The Hydrangea macrophylla 'Nigra', commonly known as the Black-stemmed Hydrangea, is distinguished by its striking, dark-brown to black stems that contrast beautifully with its lush green leaves. The leaves themselves are broad with a somewhat coarse texture and have a pronounced veining pattern that adds to the plant's overall texture. The flowers of this hydrangea are one of its most spectacular features, typically blooming in large, rounded clusters that may include shades of blue, pink, or purple. The exact color can vary depending on the soil's acidity. These flower clusters, known as mopheads, are composed of numerous smaller flowers that give the impression of a single, large globe of color. The Black-stemmed Hydrangea presents a rich display that is both colorful and elegant, making it a popular choice for gardeners wishing to create a visual impact without considering the precise measurements of the plant.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Hydrangeaceae.
Synonyms
Black-Stemmed Hydrangea, Nigra Bigleaf Hydrangea, Black-Stemmed Bigleaf Hydrangea, Nigra Hortensia.
Common names
Hydrangea macrophylla 'Nigra'
ToxicityTo humans
The common name for Hydrangea macrophylla 'Nigra' is bigleaf hydrangea. The toxicity of bigleaf hydrangea to humans is generally considered to be low, but the plant does contain compounds that can potentially cause gastrointestinal upset if ingested. Symptoms of poisoning might include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Ingesting large quantities might lead to more serious toxicity, potentially resulting in increased heart rate and respiratory problems, though such severe cases are rare.
To pets
Bigleaf hydrangea, which is Hydrangea macrophylla 'Nigra', is known to be toxic to pets, including cats and dogs. The plant contains cyanogenic glycosides, which can release cyanide when chewed or digested. Symptoms of poisoning in pets may include vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, depression, and in some cases more serious symptoms like difficulty breathing or increased heart rate. If you suspect your pet has ingested bigleaf hydrangea, contact a veterinarian immediately.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
Varies
Height
4-6 feet (1.2-1.8 meters)
Spread
4-6 feet (1.2-1.8 meters)
Plant type
Shrub
Hardiness zones
6
Native area
Japan
Benefits
General Benefits- Ornamental Appeal: H, commonly known as Bigleaf Hydrangea, has attractive dark purple to black stems and large, colorful flower heads that add visual interest to gardens and landscapes.
- Versatile Flower Colors: The flower colors of the Bigleaf Hydrangea can change from pink to blue based on the soil pH, which allows gardeners to customize the color scheme of their plantings.
- Seasonal Interest: Blooms in summer and often into fall, providing long-lasting color during the growing season.
- Shade Tolerance: Well-suited for planting in partially shaded areas where many other flowering plants may not thrive.
- Broad Climate Adaptability: Can grow in a variety of climate zones, making it accessible to gardeners in many regions.
- Attracts Pollinators: The flowers attract bees and butterflies, supporting local ecosystems.
- Durable Blooms: The flowers are long-lasting and can be used in cut flower arrangements or dried for long-term decoration.
- Soil Erosion Control: The dense growth habit can help in stabilizing soil and preventing erosion in certain settings.
- Privacy Screen: When planted in groups or hedges, the Bigleaf Hydrangea can provide privacy and reduce wind in gardens and outdoor living areas.
- Cultural Significance: Hydrangeas have various meanings in different cultures and are often used in weddings and celebrations for their symbolism.
Medical Properties- Hydrangea macrophylla, commonly known as Hydrangea, has been used traditionally for the treatment of urinary tract infections due to its diuretic properties.
- The roots have been used historically to treat kidney stones by encouraging the expulsion of stones and reducing pain.
- It contains compounds that have been claimed to possess anti-inflammatory properties, potentially providing relief for inflamed or swollen areas.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Hydrangeas can be used as a natural fabric dye, giving a range of colors from pale green to blue, depending on the soil pH and the presence of aluminum.
- The colorful sepals of hydrangeas are sometimes dried and preserved for crafting, allowing for their use in floral arrangements, wreaths, and potpourri.
- Hydrangea wood is known to be quite strong relative to its weight and has been historically used to make small items like intricate carving, musical instruments, and pipes.
- As an ornamental plant, hydrangeas can be grown in containers to decorate balconies, patios, and terraces, adding color and elegance.
- In landscape design, hydrangeas can be used as living fences when planted in a row, providing both privacy and aesthetic appeal to gardens.
- The leaves of hydrangeas can be utilized as a natural leaf shine for other plants. Rubbing the leaves can remove dust and improve the appearance of dull foliage.
- With its lush foliage, hydrangeas can be planted to help control soil erosion in sloped areas of a garden by offering ground cover and root system support.
- Pressed hydrangea flowers make for beautiful additions to bookmarks, greeting cards, or framed botanical art due to their shape and vibrant colors.
- The large leaves of hydrangeas can be used as a natural wrapping material in place of paper or plastic for small gifts, adding a unique and personal touch.
- Some artists use the patterned bark of older hydrangea plants to create textured paper or to add an interesting element in paper-making crafts.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe Hydrangea is often associated with gratitude, grace, and beauty reflecting its lush blooms and can be used to inspire these qualities in the home. In Feng Shui, the pink varieties can be used to enhance love and romance when placed in the southwest sector of the garden or home. Blue Hydrangeas are linked to calmness and serenity and could be placed in the East for health or Southeast for wealth to foster peace and tranquility.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe Hydrangea is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Understanding: In Japan, hydrangeas are said to symbolize an apology or gratitude because a Japanese emperor gave them as apologies to his maidens.
- Heartfelt Emotions: The plant is often associated with expressing genuine emotions towards someone else due to the wide range of colors and lushness of the blooms.
- Rejection: In some cases, hydrangeas can symbolize a frigidness or lack of warmth, as they were historically used to diplomatically turn down suitors.
- Gratitude: The prolific nature of the hydrangea's flowers makes it a perfect symbol for gratitude, offering many thanks in the form of its numerous blooms.
- Abundance: The full, abundant clusters of hydrangea flowers can symbolize opulence, wealth, or abundance.
- Vanity: Some victorian interpretations suggest the hydrangea symbolizes vanity due to its showy flowers.
WaterBigleaf hydrangeas, including the variety Hydrangea macrophylla 'Nigra', prefer consistently moist soil, so water them deeply once or twice a week depending on weather conditions. During particularly hot or dry spells, they may require more frequent watering to prevent wilting. Provide about 1 gallon of water to the root zone each time you water, ensuring the soil is thoroughly soaked but not waterlogged. During the winter or in cooler climates, reduce the amount of water to match the plant's reduced needs. Aim to maintain even soil moisture, as bigleaf hydrangeas are sensitive to fluctuations in water availability.
LightBigleaf hydrangeas thrive best in morning sun with afternoon shade, especially in hotter climates. An ideal spot for Hydrangea macrophylla 'Nigra' is one that receives direct sunlight in the morning for a few hours and dappled or partial shade during the heat of the day. Avoid intense, full-day sunlight as it can scorch the leaves and stress the plant.
TemperatureBigleaf hydrangeas are quite hardy and can tolerate a range of temperatures. They can survive in temperatures as low as 0 degrees Fahrenheit during dormancy in winter and can handle summer temperatures up to the high 90s. The ideal temperature for robust growth is between 65 and 75 degrees Fahrenheit, which encourages healthy foliage and bountiful blooms.
PruningPrune bigleaf hydrangeas, such as Hydrangea macrophylla 'Nigra', after they have finished blooming to maintain shape and remove any dead wood. These hydrangeas flower on old wood, so it's important not to prune them heavily in late winter or early spring, or you may risk cutting off the flower buds. Moderate pruning right after the blooms have faded is best. Removing spent flowers can encourage rebloom and tidying up the plant by cutting back about one-third of the oldest stems can rejuvenate it.
CleaningAs needed
SoilThe best soil mix for Hydrangea macrophylla, commonly known as Bigleaf Hydrangea, should be rich in organic matter, well-draining, and have a pH that ranges from 5.5 to 6.5 for optimal growth and bloom color.
RepottingBigleaf Hydrangeas should be repotted every 2 to 3 years or when they become root-bound in their current pots, as this encourages continued health and growth.
Humidity & MistingBigleaf Hydrangea thrives at high humidity levels, ideally between 60% to 70%, to maintain healthy growth and vibrant blooms.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Keep in bright, indirect light; water when topsoil dries.
Outdoor
Plant in partial shade; mulch well; keep soil moist.
Hardiness zone
6-9 USDA
Life cycleHydrangea macrophylla 'Nigra', commonly known as Black-stemmed Hydrangea, begins its life as a dormant, leafless plant during winter, when it undergoes a period of rest. In early spring, the plant enters a vegetative stage, with new leaf growth emerging from buds on the distinctive black stems. As spring progresses, the hydrangea develops lush, green foliage and eventually produces large, showy flower clusters, often ranging from blue to pink, depending on soil acidity, during late spring to summer. After the flowering period in the summer, the plant enters a maintenance phase where it continues to display both flowers and healthy foliage. In the fall, the hydrangea's leaves may change color as it begins to enter dormancy again, preparing for the winter by ceasing growth and conserving energy. Over multiple years, the Black-stemmed Hydrangea will continue this annual cycle, slowly maturing and expanding in size and floral display.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring-Early Summer
Hydrangea macrophylla 'Nigra', commonly known as Black-stemmed Hydrangea, is typically propagated through softwood cuttings taken in late spring or early summer when the plant's new growth is still tender but maturing. The most popular method involves selecting a healthy shoot and cutting a 4 to 6-inch (approximately 10 to 15 centimeters) length just below a leaf node. This cutting should then have the lower leaves removed, with only the topmost pair left intact. The cut end is often treated with rooting hormone to encourage root development before being placed in a well-draining potting mix. The cutting should be kept moist and in a warm, humid environment until roots develop, which can take several weeks. Once rooted, the new plant can be eventually acclimated to outdoor conditions and then transplanted into the garden.
![Rose deutzia [Yuki Cherry Blossom]](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fplants-admin.emdemapps.com%2Fimages%2Fplants%2F%2Fimages%2F604b6510a383a.png&w=640&q=75)
![Hydrangea [Pink Annabelle] ('Ncha1')](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fplants-admin.emdemapps.com%2Fimages%2Fplants%2F%2Fimages%2F604b576c63619.png&w=640&q=75)
