Tall Bearded Iris Iris 'Black Swan' (TB)
ABOUT
Iris 'Black Swan' is a captivating and dramatic variety characterized by its deep, velvety purple-black flowers. The blossoms are large and showy with slightly ruffled edges, giving them a luxurious and opulent appearance. Each flower petal has a striking gradient, transitioning from a near-black at the edges to a slightly lighter purple toward the center. The petals are arranged in the classic iris form, with three upright standards that reach upward and three falls that cascade downwards, creating a distinct fan-like silhouette. In the heart of each bloom is a bright gold or yellow beard, a fuzzy strip that stands out vividly against the dark petals, adding an unexpected pop of color that draws the eye. The foliage of the Iris 'Black Swan' consists of long, sword-shaped leaves that are a deep green color, creating an elegant contrast to the bold flowers. These leaves emerge from thick, fleshy rhizomes that typically lie partially exposed on the soil surface. Overall, Iris 'Black Swan' presents a striking appearance that makes it a standout addition to any garden.
About this plant
NamesSynonyms
Tall Bearded Iris, Bearded Iris.
Common names
Iris 'Black Swan' (TB)
ToxicityTo humans
The plant commonly known as Iris may present some toxicity if ingested by humans. The most toxic parts are the rhizomes (underground stems) and roots. If parts of the Iris, particularly the rhizomes, are ingested, it can result in gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. There may also be a risk of skin irritation from handling the plant without gloves. It is important to seek medical attention if any part of the plant is ingested, especially in large amounts.
To pets
The plant commonly known as Iris is toxic to pets if ingested. All parts of the plant, particularly the rhizomes and roots, contain irritants that can lead to symptoms such as drooling, vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, and abdominal pain. In severe cases, ingestion can potentially lead to more serious effects like depression of the central nervous system. If you suspect your pet has ingested any part of an Iris, it is important to contact a veterinarian promptly.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
Purple
Height
3 feet (91 cm)
Spread
1-2 feet (30-60 cm)
Plant type
Bulb
Hardiness zones
3-9
Native area
Europe
Benefits
General Benefits- Ornamental Value: Iris 'Black Swan' is prized for its dramatic, deep purple-black flowers, adding a striking visual element to gardens.
- Landscape Design: The plant can serve as an excellent backdrop for lighter colored plants or as a focal point in a mixed border.
- Pollinator Attraction: Like many irises, Iris 'Black Swan' attracts bees, butterflies, and other beneficial pollinators to the garden, supporting biodiversity.
- Low Maintenance: Once established, irises generally require minimal care, making them suitable for gardeners at all levels of experience.
- Drought Tolerance: Iris 'Black Swan' is relatively drought-tolerant, reducing the need for frequent watering once the plant is established.
- Cutting Garden Plant: Flowers of the Iris 'Black Swan' are suitable for cutting and can be used in floral arrangements.
- Seasonal Interest: This iris species typically blooms in late spring to early summer, providing seasonal interest and color.
- Cold Hardy: Irises are generally hardy and can survive cold winters in many climates without special protection.
- Deer Resistance: Iris 'Black Swan' is not a favorite of deer, which can help reduce garden damage in areas where deer are prevalent.
- Division Propagation: The plant can be easily propagated by division, allowing gardeners to spread its beauty to other parts of their garden or to share with others.
Medical PropertiesThis plant is not used for medical purposes.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Iris 'Black Swan' can be used as a natural dye, where its petals impart shades of blue, purple, or gray to textiles and artisanal crafts.
- The fibers from Iris leaves may be utilized in paper-making processes, lending a unique texture and finish to the paper.
- Iris petals can serve as an organic pigment for artist's paints, allowing for the creation of natural and eco-friendly art supplies.
- The plant can be included in perfumery, as certain irises have a light, distinct fragrance that is prized in the creation of high-end perfumes.
- In landscape design, Iris 'Black Swan' can be used to create striking visual contrast in garden beds and borders due to its dark flowers.
- This iris can be part of a thematic garden, such as a "black" garden featuring plants with dark foliage and flowers, offering an unconventional aesthetic appeal.
- The blooms can be used in culinary presentations as an edible garnish, provided they are free from pesticides and other harmful chemicals.
- The dried seed pods can be used in floral arrangements and crafts for their unique shape and texture after the blooming season.
- Iris 'Black Swan' can be instrumental in teaching about plant genetic diversity and hybridization in educational settings due to its distinctive color.
- Photographers and artists may choose Iris 'Black Swan' as a subject for its dramatic appearance and the way it interacts with light.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe Iris is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe Iris is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Royalty and Elegance: The Iris has long been associated with royalty due to its regal appearance. 'Black Swan', with its deep, nearly black petals, exudes an air of sophistication and majesty.
- Wisdom and Valour: The Iris carries the symbolism of wisdom and is often connected to the deities that personify these attributes, like the Greek goddess Iris. The 'Black Swan' with its bold, rare coloring can represent the courageous pursuit of knowledge.
- Faith and Hope: Given as a gift, an Iris is a symbol of faith and hope. The 'Black Swan' variety, while unique, still carries this enduring message.
- Mystery and Magic: The nearly black color of 'Black Swan' lends this iris an air of the mysterious and the magical, hinting at the unknown and the hidden.
WaterTall Bearded Iris, like the 'Black Swan', should be watered deeply and infrequently to encourage strong root growth. During the growing season, provide about an inch of water per week, either through rainfall or supplemental watering. They require less water once established, usually every two weeks if there is no significant rainfall. Water the soil at the base of the plant to keep the foliage dry and prevent disease. In hotter, drier climates, you may need to water the irises up to twice a week.
LightTall Bearded Iris, including 'Black Swan', thrives best in full sun. It should receive at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight daily. The ideal spot is an open area with clear exposure to the sun, away from the shade of larger trees or buildings.
TemperatureThe Tall Bearded Iris 'Black Swan' is hardy and can withstand a winter low of around 14 degrees Fahrenheit, while the summer high should ideally not consistently exceed 90 degrees Fahrenheit. The optimal temperature range for robust growth is between 55 and 75 degrees Fahrenheit.
PruningPrune Tall Bearded Iris 'Black Swan' by removing spent flower stalks after blooming to direct energy back into the plant. Trim away any browned or damaged leaves during the growing season to promote healthy growth and reduce disease. The best time for substantial cleanup is in the fall, which helps to prevent overwintering pests and diseases.
CleaningNot needed
SoilTall Bearded Iris, commonly known as 'Black Swan', thrives in a well-drained soil rich in organic matter with a pH of 6.8 to 7.0. Amend the soil with compost and coarse sand to improve drainage. Ensure the rhizomes are partially exposed to prevent rot.
RepottingTall Bearded Irises like 'Black Swan' do not need frequent repotting – they should be divided and repotted every 3 to 5 years to prevent overcrowding and to rejuvenate their vigor.
Humidity & MistingTall Bearded Iris 'Black Swan' is tolerant of various humidity levels but performs best in an environment with average humidity. It does not require high humidity to thrive.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Provide bright light; allow rhizomes space.
Outdoor
Full sun, well-draining position; water sparingly.
Hardiness zone
3-9 USDA
Life cycleThe Iris 'Black Swan' (Tall Bearded Iris) begins its life cycle when the wrinkled, brown seeds germinate, typically requiring a cold stratification period to break dormancy. Once sprouted, the seedling stage involves the development of slender, sword-like leaves, and the formation of rhizomes— the thick, underground stems from which new growth emerges. As a perennial, the plant enters a vegetative stage, where foliage expands and the root system establishes itself. The iris reaches maturity in its second or third year, when it starts the reproductive stage characterized by the production of distinctive, velvety, deep purple-black flowers during late spring to early summer. After blooming, the plant focuses on energy storage and rhizome growth for the remainder of the growing season. As the cold weather approaches, the iris enters a period of dormancy, with the foliage dying back, but the rhizomes remaining viable, ready to regenerate the next growing season.
PropogationPropogation time
Late Summer to Fall
The most popular method of propagation for the Iris 'Black Swan', which falls into the Tall Bearded (TB) Iris category, is through rhizome division. This is typically done after the blooming season, often in late summer, which gives the new divisions time to establish themselves before the onset of winter. Gardeners should dig up the rhizomes with care, gently brush off the soil and inspect them for any signs of rot or disease before cutting. Using a sharp knife, the rhizomes should be cut into sections, ensuring that each division has at least one fan of leaves and a portion of the roots. The leaves should then be trimmed to about one-third of their height, which reduces water loss and makes the plant easier to handle. The divisions are then planted in well-draining soil, ideally with the rhizome slightly exposed above the soil surface to prevent rot. After planting, water the divisions well to help establish the root system.
