African Blue Basil Ocimum kilimandscharicum
ABOUT
Ocimum kilimandscharicum, commonly known as camphor basil, is a highly aromatic herb distinguished by its strong camphor scent. The plant is characterized by its robust green foliage, with leaves that are typically lush and textured, slightly wrinkled with a fine layer of tiny hairs that give them a slightly velvety feel when touched. The edges of the leaves are somewhat serrated, adding to the intricacy of the plant's overall appearance. The camphor basil blooms with small flowers, often in shades of white to pale lavender, arranged in compact clusters that stand upright above the foliage. These flowers can add a delicate touch of color to the plant and are occasionally visited by a variety of pollinators such as bees and butterflies, adding to the lively scene around the herb. The stems of the camphor basil are squared, a trait typical of the mint family, to which it belongs, and they too can be covered with the same fine hairs as the leaves. Throughout its growth, the camphor basil emits a noticeable and refreshing camphoraceous fragrance that intensifies when the leaves are crushed or disturbed, making it a prominent candidate for sensory gardens or as a natural insect repellent due to its strong scent. Despite the omission of its physical dimensions, the visual and olfactory presence of the camphor basil makes it a distinctive and memorable addition to any garden setting.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Lamiaceae
Synonyms
African Blue Basil, Camphor Basil, Perennial Basil, Kilimanjaro Basil, East African Basil
Common names
Ocimum viride, Ocimum kilimandscharicum var. kilimandscharicum.
ToxicityTo humans
Ocimum kilimandscharicum, commonly known as the African Basil, is not widely recognized as a toxic plant to humans. It is often used in traditional medicine and as a culinary herb in some cultures. Nonetheless, ingesting any plant can potentially cause reactions in certain individuals due to allergies, so it is recommended to consume it in moderation. If a sensitivity or allergic reaction does occur, symptoms might include skin rashes, itching, or gastrointestinal distress. There is limited information on severe toxicity or poisoning from African Basil in literature, but as with any plant, it is wise to use it responsibly and seek medical advice if adverse effects are experienced after ingestion.
To pets
The African Basil is not commonly known to be toxic to pets. However, individual animals can have different sensitivities or allergic reactions to plants. If a pet ingests a large quantity of African Basil or any other non-typical food, they might experience mild digestive upset or an allergic reaction, which can manifest as vomiting or diarrhea. If any concerning symptoms arise after your pet has ingested this plant, it is advisable to consult with a veterinarian. As there is limited specific information on the toxicity of African Basil to pets, caution is recommended when allowing pets access to this or any plant.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Evergreen
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
White
Height
3 feet (0.91 meters)
Spread
2 feet (0.61 meters)
Plant type
Herb
Hardiness zones
9
Native area
East Africa
Benefits
General Benefits- Aromatic: Camphor Basil's leaves and flowers have a strong camphor scent, which is widely used in perfumes and fragrances.
- Culinary Uses: The leaves can be used in cooking, especially in dishes that require a camphor-like flavor.
- Insect Repellent: The plant's strong aroma is known to repel certain insects and pests in gardens.
- Ornamental Plant: With its lush green foliage and white-purple flowers, Camphor Basil is often used for decorative purposes in gardens and landscapes.
- Essential Oils: It is a source of essential oils which are used in aromatherapy and natural remedies (excluding medical properties).
- Cultural Significance: In some cultures, Camphor Basil has a role in religious and traditional ceremonies.
- Companion Planting: It can be used in companion planting to benefit other plants by repelling pests and improving growth conditions.
Medical Properties- Antimicrobial: Ocimum kilimandscharicum has been shown to possess antimicrobial properties, inhibiting the growth of certain bacteria and fungi.
- Anti-inflammatory: The plant is used in traditional medicine for its potential anti-inflammatory effects, which can help reduce inflammation in various conditions.
- Analgesic: It may have pain-relieving properties, helping to alleviate discomfort associated with headaches, muscle pains, and other aches.
- Antioxidant: Contains compounds that act as antioxidants, which can scavenge harmful free radicals and may support overall health.
- Respiratory relief: Used in traditional herbal remedies to help alleviate symptoms of respiratory conditions such as coughs and colds.
- Gastroprotective: The plant may offer protective effects against gastric ulcers and improve digestive health.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Aromatic Oil Extraction: Camphor basil's essential oil is extracted and used in the fragrance industry for its camphoraceous scent, being an ingredient in perfumes, scented candles, and potpourris.
- Insect Repellant: The strong aroma of camphor basil is utilized in natural insect repellent formulations to ward off mosquitos and other pests.
- Flavoring Agent: The unique flavor of camphor basil leaves is sometimes used to infuse oils, vinegars, and spirits for culinary experimentation.
- Companion Planting: Camphor basil is planted in gardens alongside vegetables to deter insect pests with its strong scent, thereby providing a natural form of pest control.
- Culinary Garnish: Its leaves can be used as an aromatic garnish for dishes, although sparingly due to its intense flavor.
- Herbal Baths: Leaves of camphor basil are sometimes added to bathwater for a refreshing and invigorating herbal bath experience.
- Religious Practices: In some cultures, camphor basil has a role in religious ceremonies, where it’s used for purifying spaces or creating sacred water.
- Soil Improvement: Camphor basil can be used as a green manure, improving the soil quality when its leaves and stems are dug back into the soil.
- Natural Dye: The plant has been used in traditional fabric dyeing practices to impart a greenish hue to textiles.
- Crafting Material: Dried camphor basil stems can be woven or incorporated into handicrafts for their structure and aroma.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe African Blue Basil is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe African Blue Basil is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Protection: The common name of Ocimum kilimandscharicum, which is African Blue Basil, is often associated with protection due to its pungent scent that is believed to ward off negative spirits or energies.
- Healing: This plant is known for its medicinal properties; therefore, it symbolizes healing and is used in traditional remedies to treat various ailments.
- Purification: African Blue Basil is thought to purify and bless homes and spaces, symbolizing cleanliness and the removal of negativity.
- Love: As with many basil varieties, African Blue Basil can symbolize love and be used to transmit loving vibrations within rituals or simply through its presence in a garden.
- Prosperity: In some cultures, basil is considered a plant that attracts prosperity and wealth, making African Blue Basil a symbol for financial success.
WaterThe African Basil should be watered when the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch, which typically means once every 5 to 7 days depending on environmental factors like heat and humidity. You should water the plant thoroughly, allowing water to reach deep into the roots. Use room temperature water, and provide enough so that it begins to drain from the bottom of the pot, indicating the soil is sufficiently moistened. For an average-sized pot, this usually equates to around 16-32 ounces of water. Be careful not to overwater, as the African Basil does not like soggy soil, and ensure proper drainage is in place to avoid root rot.
LightAfrican Basil thrives in full sun conditions, and it should be placed in a spot where it can receive at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight per day. The best spot for the plant is either in a south or west-facing window if grown indoors, or in an unobstructed garden space that receives ample sunlight if grown outdoors. Avoid placing it in areas with prolonged shade as this will affect its growth and flavor.
TemperatureAfrican Basil prefers warm temperatures and should be kept in environments where the temperature stays between 70°F and 80°F for optimal growth. The plant can tolerate temperatures as low as 50°F but should not be exposed to frost, as cold temperatures below 32°F can be detrimental to its health. It is important to protect the African Basil from cold drafts and sudden temperature changes.
PruningPruning African Basil promotes bushier growth and prevents the plant from becoming leggy. Pinch off the tips of the branches as well as any flower buds that form to encourage the plant to develop more leaves, which is where the flavor is concentrated. Pruning should be done every few weeks during the growing season or whenever the plant looks like it could benefit from being shaped. The best time for pruning is in the morning, when the plant is well-hydrated.
CleaningAs needed
SoilAfrican Blue Basil prefers well-draining soil rich in organic matter with a pH between 6.0 and 7.5. A mix of two parts potting soil, one part perlite, and one part compost is ideal for optimal growth.
RepottingAfrican Blue Basil should be repotted annually in the spring to encourage healthy growth and prevent it from becoming root-bound in its container.
Humidity & MistingAfrican Blue Basil thrives in moderate to high humidity levels, around 40-60%, similar to its native tropical environment.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Ensure bright light, warm temps, and periodic watering.
Outdoor
Plant in full sun, well-draining soil, and water regularly.
Hardiness zone
9-11 USDA
Life cycleThe life of Ocimum kilimandscharicum, commonly known as African Blue Basil, begins with seed germination, which typically occurs in warm, moist soil conditions. After sprouting, the seedlings develop into young plants with distinctive aromatic leaves, entering the vegetative growth stage where they rapidly increase in size. Once mature, African Blue Basil enters the flowering stage, producing small white or lavender flowers that attract pollinators and are followed by seed formation. Seeds can then be dispersed by wind or wildlife, or harvested for propagation. Throughout its life cycle, African Blue Basil is a perennial herb in warm climates, meaning it can live for several years, but it may be treated as an annual in colder regions where it cannot survive winter freezes. The plant goes through a period of dormancy during colder months and resumes active growth with the return of favorable weather conditions.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring-Summer
Ocimum kilimandscharicum, commonly known as African Blue Basil, can be propagated most effectively through stem cuttings. This method is popular due to its simplicity and high success rate. To propagate African Blue Basil using stem cuttings, one should select a healthy, non-flowering stem and cut a 3 to 4 inch (approximately 8 to 10 cm) section below a leaf node. The lower leaves are then removed, and the cutting can be placed either in a small container of water or directly into soil. It is crucial to keep the medium moist to encourage rooting. Roots typically emerge within a few weeks, after which the new plant can be transplanted to a larger pot or directly into the garden. This way, a gardener can quickly expand their collection of African Blue Basil plants.
