White Rose of York Rosa × alba 'Alba Semiplena' (A)
ABOUT
The Rosa 'Alba Semiplena', commonly known as the White Rose of York, is an elegant and historic variety of rose that exhibits a charming appearance. It is characterized by semi-double flowers, meaning each bloom has a moderate number of petals, not as full as double blooms but more so than single ones. These petals present themselves in a soft, creamy white hue that has long been admired for its purity and subtle beauty. The petals are arranged in a classic rosette shape, overlapping in a harmonious fashion that gives the bloom a sense of fullness and symmetry. At the center of the bloom, the yellow stamens are exposed, providing a striking contrast against the white petals and drawing attention to the heart of the flower. The blossoms emit a light and pleasing fragrance, which has been described as both fresh and with a hint of traditional rose scent, adding to the sensory allure of this plant. The foliage of the White Rose of York is also a notable feature with its rich green color and typical leafy appearance. The leaves are compound with a number of smaller leaflets making up the full leaf, and they often have a slightly glossy sheen which complements the flowers nicely. This rose variety is recognized for its graceful habit, creating a visual display that is both elegant and robust. It can serve as a beautiful focal point in gardens where it often contributes to a classical and romantic aesthetic, beloved by garden enthusiasts and rose aficionados alike.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Rosaceae.
Synonyms
White Rose of York, Semi-double White Rose, Alba Semi-Plena.
Common names
Rosa × alba 'Semi-plena', Rosa alba semiduplex, Rosa alba f. semiplena.
ToxicityTo humans
The Rosa alba, commonly known as the White Rose, is generally considered non-toxic to humans. There are no well-documented cases of poisoning from ingesting parts of this plant. Thus, no specific symptoms of poisoning are associated with the White Rose. However, it's always advisable to avoid eating plants not intended for consumption to prevent any possible gastrointestinal discomfort.
To pets
The Rosa alba, or White Rose, is not toxic to pets. It is generally regarded as safe for dogs, cats, and horses. There are no specific symptoms of poisoning from this plant, as it is not considered poisonous. However, ingestion of a large amount of plant material, including roses, could potentially lead to mild gastrointestinal upset in some animals.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Deciduous
Color of leaves
Green
Flower color
White
Height
5 feet (1.52 meters)
Spread
4 feet (1.22 meters)
Plant type
Shrub
Hardiness zones
4
Native area
Caucasus
Benefits
General Benefits- Ornamental appeal: The plant is valued for its aesthetic beauty, providing white, semi-double blooms that can enhance the visual appeal of gardens and landscapes.
- Scented flowers: It emits a pleasant fragrance which can be enjoyed in outdoor spaces and can be used to make perfumed products like rose water.
- Attracts pollinators: The blooms attract beneficial insects such as bees, which are essential for pollination and maintaining healthy ecosystems.
- Cultural significance: The plant often holds significance in various cultures and can be used in ceremonies or given as a symbol of purity due to its white flowers.
- Habitat enrichment: Rosa × alba 'Alba Semiplena', commonly known as the White Rose, can provide habitat and food for wildlife, such as birds and insects.
- Landscape versatility: It can be used in various garden designs, including formal beds, borders, and as a specimen plant, offering flexibility in landscape planning.
- Cut flower use: The roses are suitable for cutting and using in floral arrangements, where their beauty and aroma can be enjoyed indoors.
Medical Properties- Anti-inflammatory: The petals of the White Rose have been traditionally used for their anti-inflammatory properties.
- Antiseptic: White Rose extracts may contain antiseptic qualities useful for treating minor infections.
- Astringent: White Rose petals are known for their astringent effect, which can help tighten and tone the skin.
- Skincare: The rosewater made from White Rose can hydrate and soothe the skin, and is sometimes used for treating mild skin irritations.
- Emollient: White Rose oil is considered an emollient, which can help in moisturizing and softening the skin.
- Antioxidant: Components present in White Rose may exhibit antioxidant properties, helping to fight free radicals and potentially reduce signs of aging.
- Stress Relief: The aroma of White Rose is often used in aromatherapy to help reduce stress and promote relaxation.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- The white rose petals from Rosa × alba 'Alba Semiplena' can be used for natural plant dyeing, providing delicate shades of pink and cream to fabrics and yarns.
- White rose petals are sometimes added to speciality papers, creating a beautiful, textured finish often used for wedding invitations and stationery.
- The blooms from Rosa × alba 'Alba Semiplena' can be crystallized with egg white and sugar to create edible decorations for desserts and cakes.
- White rosewater, distilled from the petals of Rosa × alba 'Alba Semiplena', is a flavoring agent in Middle Eastern and Indian cuisines, particularly for sweets like gulab jamun and baklava.
- In perfumery, the essential oil derived from Rosa × alba 'Alba Semiplena' petals is used as a heart note in floral and oriental scents, prized for its rich, full-bodied aroma.
- Dried Rosa × alba 'Alba Semiplena' petals can be incorporated into potpourri mixes, contributing a gentle fragrance and aesthetic appeal to a room.
- Rosa × alba 'Alba Semiplena' can be used in the craft of flower pressing, where its petals retain shape and color when dried and pressed, making them ideal for creating botanical artwork.
- Fresh petals of the white rose may be scattered in baths, providing a luxurious and fragrant bathing experience, often associated with self-care and romance.
- The petals of Rosa × alba 'Alba Semiplena' are used to make rose beads, which are then threaded into rosaries or decorative jewelry.
- Rosa × alba 'Alba Semiplena' can inspire artists and poets, often standing as a symbol of purity and being featured prominently in various forms of art and literature.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe White Rose of York is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe White Rose of York is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Purity: Often associated with its white petals, Rosa × alba 'Alba Semiplena', commonly known as White Rose, symbolizes purity and innocence. White roses are frequently used in weddings and religious ceremonies.
- Secrecy and Silence: Historically, the white rose was a symbol of secrecy. In Roman times, a white rose was placed at the door of a room where confidential matters were being discussed.
- Reverence and Humility: Due to its pure color and delicate appearance, the white rose also symbolizes reverence and humility, often used during events that require a display of respect.
- New Beginnings: The white rose is also related to new beginnings and is therefore perfect for occasions like christenings and graduations, representing the start of a new phase in life.
- Remembrance: The white rose acts as a symbol of remembrance, suggesting that the person or event it commemorates will always be remembered with respect and honor.
- Spirituality: The ethereal beauty of the white rose also connects it with spiritual matters, indicating purity of the spirit, and is often found in various religious contexts.
WaterThe White Rose of York should be watered deeply once a week, making sure the soil is moist but not waterlogged. During hot or dry weather, it may require additional water, possibly needing water two to three times a week. The amount of water typically needed is about 1 to 1.5 gallons for each plant, ensuring the water reaches deep into the root zone. It is best to avoid overhead watering to minimize the risk of leaf diseases; instead, water at the base of the plant. In the dormant season, reduce watering to only as needed, based on the soil moisture.
LightThe White Rose of York thrives in full sun to partial shade. It requires at least six hours of direct sunlight per day to flower optimally. The best spot for this rose is one where it can receive morning sun, which is less intense and helps dry dew off the leaves to reduce the risk of fungal infections.
TemperatureThe White Rose of York prefers a temperature range between 40°F and 90°F but can tolerate temperatures as low as 20°F in dormancy and briefly endure higher temperatures if well-watered. The ideal temperature for vigorous growth and bloom would be between 65°F and 75°F. Proper air circulation should be ensured to help maintain these temperature conditions.
PruningPruning the White Rose of York helps to maintain its shape, encourage new growth, and improve air circulation, which reduces the risk of disease. Prune in late winter or early spring when new growth begins; remove dead or diseased wood and any weak or crossing branches. Shaping the plant and reducing its size can be done at this time. Pruning should be performed annually to keep the plant healthy and vibrant.
CleaningAs needed
SoilThe White Rose of York flourishes best in well-draining, loamy soil enriched with organic matter; aim for a pH balance between 6.0 and 7.0.
RepottingThe White Rose of York does not typically require repotting as it is most often planted directly in the garden.
Humidity & MistingWhite Rose of York thrives outdoors and is not particularly humidity-sensitive, tolerating the typical range found in garden environments.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Ensure bright light, consistent moisture, and good air circulation for White Rose of York.
Outdoor
Plant in full sun with well-draining soil and ample space for White Rose of York.
Hardiness zone
3-10 USDA
Life cycleThe life cycle of Rosa × alba 'Alba Semiplena', commonly known as White Rose of York, begins with seed germination, which occurs when the environmental conditions are favorable, usually in moist, well-drained soil. Following germination, seedlings emerge and develop into young plants, establishing a root system and producing leaves. The white rose then enters a vegetative growth phase, during which it develops a strong stem, ample foliage, and begins to form buds. The reproductive stage follows, where the buds blossom into the characteristic semi-double white flowers that are valued for their fragrance and appearance. After pollination, which can be facilitated by insects, the flowers produce hips (fruit) that contain seeds, completing the cycle. These seeds may be dispersed by animals or natural forces, ensuring the propagation of the plant and the beginning of a new life cycle.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring-early Summer
The Rosa × alba 'Alba Semiplena', commonly known as the White Rose of York, is best propagated by hardwood cuttings. This traditional technique ideally takes place during the plant's dormancy period in late fall or winter. A healthy, mature cane from the current or previous year's growth is selected and cut into sections approximately 6 to 8 inches (15 to 20 centimeters) in length, ensuring at least three bud nodes are present. The bottom cut is made below a node at a 45-degree angle to increase the area for root development and the top cut is straight across just above a node to prevent water collection. The cutting is then planted directly into the ground or into pots filled with a well-draining soil mix, with two-thirds of its length buried. The soil is kept moist but not waterlogged, and rooting typically occurs by the next growing season. This straightforward method is time-tested and favors the creation of strong, resilient plants.
