Bunya pine Araucaria bidwillii
ABOUT
Commonly known as the Bunya Pine, this distinctive plant is notable for its unique, symmetrical conical shape. Its branches are arranged in whorled tiers, radiating out from the thick central trunk that is robust and covered with rough, scaly bark. The branches themselves are dense and horizontal, presenting a regular, tiered appearance. The leaves of the Bunya Pine are needle-like, sharp, and rigid, dark green in color, and are arranged in spirals along the branches. These leaves can persist for many years before falling. The Bunya Pine produces large, woody cones that can be quite heavy and are generally spherical in shape. The seeds contained within these cones are large, similar to chestnuts, and are edible. The overall silhouette of the Bunya Pine is very distinctive, often described as majestic or imposing, with a lush, dark canopy of foliage that persists throughout the year, making it a striking feature in any landscape where it is cultivated.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Araucariaceae
Synonyms
Bunya Bunya, Bunya Pine, False Monkey Puzzle Tree
Common names
Araucaria bidwillii Hook., Eutacta bidwillii (Hook.) A.H.Kent, Eutassa bidwillii (Hook.) Regel
ToxicityTo humans
The plant commonly known as Bunya Pine (Araucaria bidwillii) is generally not known for being toxic to humans. There are no significant reports of poisoning or adverse effects from ingesting parts of this plant. However, as with many plants, individual allergic reactions or sensitivities could occur. Eating unusual plant parts should be approached with caution, and expert advice should be sought if you're unsure about the edibility of any part of a plant.
To pets
Bunya Pine (Araucaria bidwillii) does not have a widespread reputation for being toxic to pets. There is limited information on the plant causing adverse effects in domestic animals. However, the large, hard seeds may pose a physical risk if ingested due to their size and shape, potentially causing intestinal blockage. It is advised to keep an eye on pets around this plant to prevent any potential physical obstructions from ingested material, and always consult a veterinarian if you suspect your pet has ingested something harmful.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Evergreen
Color of leaves
Green
Height
150 feet (45.72 meters)
Spread
35 feet (10.67 meters)
Plant type
Tree
Hardiness zones
9
Native area
Australia
Benefits
General Benefits- Aesthetic Appeal: The Bunya pine is an attractive, symmetrical tree that adds visual interest to landscapes with its unique conical shape.
- Shade Provider: It grows to a large size, offering ample shade in gardens and parks, making it a valued tree in hot climates.
- Cultural Significance: The Bunya pine holds cultural importance for Indigenous Australians, particularly for ceremonial gatherings and as a traditional food source.
- Wildlife Habitat: Its branches and foliage provide habitat and shelter for various bird species and other wildlife.
- Edible Nuts: The tree produces large edible nuts, which can be roasted or boiled and consumed, offering a source of food.
- Soil Stabilization: The extensive root system helps stabilize the soil, preventing erosion in hilly or sloped areas.
- Wood Production: The timber is valued for woodworking and crafting musical instruments due to its fine grain and workability.
Medical PropertiesThis plant is not used for medical purposes.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- The wood of the Bunya Pine is used in the construction of musical instruments, particularly woodwind instruments, due to its acoustic properties and fine grain.
- Indigenous Australians traditionally used the resin of the Bunya Pine for attaching tool heads to handles and for waterproofing various materials.
- The large, dome-shaped cones of the Bunya Pine have been used as a source of inspiration in sculpture and decorative arts.
- Landscape architecture sometimes incorporates Bunya Pine in gardens and parks for its distinctive appearance and as a shade tree.
- The distinctive symmetrical branching pattern and foliage of Bunya Pine are sometimes used in bonsai culture to create miniature landscapes.
- In woodworking and carpentry, the timber of Bunya Pine is valued for making furniture due to its workability and finish.
- The large seeds of the Bunya Pine can be utilized in creating jewelry and craft items, such as beads and buttons.
- Bunya Pine has been used in veneer production for its visually appealing wood grain and texture when making paneling or decorative surfaces.
- The tree's bark patterns have been used as a natural design motif in fabric prints and wallpaper designs.
- Some cultures have utilized the Bunya Pine's sturdy leaves in weaving baskets, mats, and other traditional crafts.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe Bunya Pine is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe Bunya Pine is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Resilience: The Bunya pine (Araucaria bidwillii) is known for its ability to thrive in a range of soil types and withstand various climates, symbolizing the ability to endure challenging conditions.
- Longevity: With a lifespan that can extend over a thousand years, the Bunya pine represents enduring existence and timelessness.
- Antiquity: As a species that has existed since the time of the dinosaurs, this plant embodies ancient history and a connection to the past.
- Rarity: Due to its unique cone production pattern and limited natural distribution, the Bunya pine is often associated with rarity and exclusiveness.
- Cultural significance: The indigenous peoples of Australia consider the Bunya pine a sacred tree, often linked with spiritual practices and traditional uses, thus representing cultural heritage.
- Strength: With its robust trunk and branches, the Bunya pine is frequently a symbol of strength and stability.
WaterThe Bunya Pine should be watered thoroughly, allowing the soil to dry out slightly between waterings. An average guideline is to provide about 1-2 gallons of water every week during the growing season, reducing to once every two weeks in winter. The exact amount can vary depending on climate, soil type, and plant size; use the feel of the soil to judge whether more or less is needed. It's important not to overwater as this can lead to root rot. Younger trees will need more frequent watering than established ones.
LightThe Bunya Pine thrives best in full sunlight to partial shade conditions. It prefers a spot where it can receive at least six hours of direct sunlight daily, but it can tolerate some shade, especially in hotter climates. Ensure it is planted away from overshadowing structures or trees for optimal growth.
TemperatureThe Bunya Pine can tolerate a wide range of temperatures but grows best when the temperature remains between 70°F and 80°F. It can handle occasional dips down to about 20°F but should not be exposed to prolonged periods of extreme cold. It is not frost-tolerant and should be protected from temperatures below this range.
PruningPruning the Bunya Pine is primarily done to remove dead or damaged branches and maintain a desired shape or size. It is best to prune during the dormant season, avoiding the sap-rich spring period. Pruning is not often needed and should be done sparingly, as the tree has a naturally symmetrical shape.
CleaningNot needed
SoilBunya Bunya tree thrives in well-draining soil with a pH ranging from 5.5 to 6.5. A mix consisting of equal parts loam, peat, and sharp sand is ideal, promoting good drainage and aeration while retaining adequate moisture.
RepottingBunya Bunya trees should be repotted every 2 to 3 years when young and less frequently as they mature due to their slow growth rate. It's crucial to avoid damaging the taproot during repotting.
Humidity & MistingBunya Bunya trees prefer moderate to high humidity levels, ideally between 50% and 60%. They can tolerate some variation but perform best with consistent humidity.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Provide bright light and ample space for Bunya Bunya when growing indoors.
Outdoor
Choose a sunny spot with well-draining soil for Bunya Bunya outdoors.
Hardiness zone
9-11 USDA
Life cycleBunya pine (Araucaria bidwillii) begins its life cycle when a mature tree drops its large, heavy cones, which release edible seeds. These seeds germinate and develop into a seedling with a taproot system, which will stabilize the young plant and help it access water and nutrients. As the seedling grows, it develops into a juvenile tree with characteristic symmetrical branches and soft, needle-like leaves. The juvenile period can last for many years before the tree reaches its reproductive maturity. Once mature, the bunya pine produces male and female cones on the same tree; the male cones release pollen, which is wind-dispersed to pollinate the female cones, leading to seed development. The cycle continues as new cones eventually mature, fall to the ground, and release seeds to start the process over again.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring to Summer
The most popular method of propagating the Bunya Pine, or Araucaria bidwillii, is through seeds. Seed propagation is typically most successful when carried out in late winter to early spring. The large seeds should be collected from the female cones, which usually drop from the tree. After collection, the seeds are sown in a well-draining seed raising mix, placed about 1 inch deep. The pot or tray with the seeds should be kept moist and in a warm location around 68 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit (20 to 25 degrees Celsius) to encourage germination. The seeds can take several weeks to germinate, and once they have sprouted, the seedlings should be cared for until they are strong enough to be transplanted outside.
