Hoop Pine Araucaria cunninghamii
ABOUT
The plant commonly referred to as Hoop Pine is characterized by a straight trunk with a rough, dark brown bark that may appear scaly or flaky. Its leaves are needle-like, arranged spirally on the branches, and are typically dark green, which can give the tree a dense and somewhat spiky appearance from afar. The foliage forms a symmetrical pattern that is visually appealing. Conical in shape when young, the Hoop Pine tends to become more rounded or dome-like with age. Its branches grow in a whorled pattern and are usually horizontal or slightly drooping, contributing to the plant's overall coniform silhouette. The tree produces cones that are woody and can vary in texture and size, adding an interesting visual element. The male cones are elongate and generally smaller than the larger, more globe-shaped female cones. The cones' textures are rough, offering a contrast to the smoother texture of the needles. The seeds within these cones are generally winged, assisting in their dispersal by the wind.
About this plant
NamesFamily
Araucariaceae
Synonyms
Hoop Pine, Moreton Bay Pine, Colonial Pine, Queensland Pine, Dorrigo Pine
Common names
Araucaria cunninghamii Aiton ex D.Don, Eutacta cunninghamii (Aiton ex D.Don) Link, Columbea cunninghamii (Aiton ex D.Don) R.Br., Araucaria cookii R.Br., Eutassa cunninghamii (Aiton ex D.Don) de Laub.
ToxicityTo humans
The Araucaria cunninghamii, commonly known as the Hoop Pine, is not widely known to be toxic to humans. There is no common documentation of severe toxicity associated with this plant when parts of it are ingested. However, as with any plant material, people may experience varying degrees of sensitivity or allergic reactions. Such reactions could manifest as mild gastrointestinal discomfort or dermatitis in some individuals upon ingestion or handling of the plant, but these are not commonly reported symptoms of poisoning from the Hoop Pine.
To pets
The Hoop Pine, or Araucaria cunninghamii, does not generally appear on lists of plants that are commonly known to be toxic to pets such as dogs and cats. There is no widespread evidence to suggest that ingestion of the Hoop Pine poses significant health risks to pets. However, ingestion of non-food items can cause gastrointestinal upset in pets including vomiting or diarrhea. If pets consume large quantities of plant material, or if they have specific sensitivities, it might cause an adverse reaction, so it is always prudent to monitor your pet's behavior and consult a veterinarian if any unusual symptoms arise after ingestion of any plant matter.
CharacteristicsLife cycle
Perennials
Foliage type
Evergreen
Color of leaves
Green
Height
200 feet [61 meters]
Spread
20 feet [6 meters]
Plant type
Tree
Hardiness zones
9
Native area
Australia
Benefits
General Benefits- Ornamental value: Araucaria cunninghamii, commonly known as hoop pine, is often used in landscaping and garden design for its striking appearance and symmetrical shape.
- Timber production: Hoop pine wood is valued for its versatility and is used in construction, furniture making, and veneer production.
- Erosion control: Hoop pine's root system helps to stabilize soil and prevent erosion in the areas where it grows.
- Habitat for wildlife: This tree provides a habitat and food source for various forms of wildlife, including birds and insects.
- Carbon sequestration: Like other trees, hoop pine absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gases.
- Reforestation and afforestation: Araucaria cunninghamii is used in reforestation efforts and the creation of new wooded areas due to its resilience and rapid growth.
- Shade and shelter: With its dense foliage, the hoop pine provides shade and shelter, which can be beneficial in both urban and rural environments.
- Cultural significance: In some regions, hoop pine has cultural importance and may be used in ceremonies or traditional practices.
Medical PropertiesThis plant is not used for medical purposes.
Air-purifying QualitiesThis plant is not specifically known for air purifying qualities.
Other Uses- Araucaria cunninghamii, commonly known as hoop pine, is utilized in boat building due to its straight grain and resistance to rot, making it an excellent material for masts and planking.
- In woodworking, hoop pine's fine texture and workability make it a preferred material for crafting high-quality furniture pieces that showcase its natural beauty.
- Due to its uniform appearance, hoop pine timber is often used in the manufacture of musical instruments, particularly piano actions, where consistency in wood properties is crucial.
- The wood shavings and sawdust from hoop pine are sought after as a base material for pet bedding, prized for their absorbency and natural odor control properties.
- Hoop pine cones can be used in decorative arts and crafts, such as making wreaths or as an interesting textural component in floral arrangements.
- This plant's bark can be processed and utilized as a natural mulch in gardens, contributing to soil health by retaining moisture and deterring weeds.
- Hoop pine needles, which are long and durable, are sometimes employed as a natural fiber source for weaving mats, baskets, and other traditional handicrafts.
- Due to the tree's impressive height and evergreen nature, it is planted as a visual screen or windbreak in large landscapes and farmsteads to protect smaller plants.
- As an ornamental tree, young hoop pine specimens are used in large gardens and parks, adding a unique aesthetic with their symmetrical shape and dense foliage.
- When trimmed into shape, hoop pine can even be used as a natural Christmas tree in regions where traditional conifers are not available.
Interesting Facts
Feng ShuiThe Hoop Pine is not used in Feng Shui practice.
Zodiac Sign CompitabilityThe Hoop Pine is not used in astrology practice.
Plant Symbolism- Resilience: Araucaria cunninghamii, also known as Hoop Pine, is known for its ability to withstand tough conditions, symbolizing the capacity to endure hardships.
- Longevity: The Hoop Pine can live for many years, often reaching a venerable age. This longevity translates to a symbolism of long life and perseverance.
- Protection: With its tall and sturdy structure, the Hoop Pine has been seen as a symbol of shelter and protection.
- Heritage: As a native species of Australia and New Guinea, it holds cultural importance and symbolizes the natural heritage of these regions.
WaterFor the Hoop Pine (Araucaria cunninghamii), it is important to maintain consistently moist soil without overwatering. Water the plant deeply once or twice a week, depending on the weather conditions, with approximately 1 to 2 gallons of water each time to encourage deep root growth. During the growing season in spring and summer, make sure to keep the watering schedule regular, but reduce the amount during the winter months when the plant's growth slows down. Ensure good drainage to prevent waterlogging, which can lead to root rot.
LightThe Hoop Pine (Araucaria cunninghamii) thrives in bright, indirect light but can also adapt to partial shade. Avoid placing the plant in direct sunlight, particularly during the hot afternoon hours, as this can cause the needles to burn. A spot that receives steady light throughout the day, such as near a window with filtered sunlight, is ideal for maintaining the health and growth of the Hoop Pine.
TemperatureThe Hoop Pine (Araucaria cunninghamii) prefers a temperate climate, thriving in a temperature range between 60°F and 75°F. It can tolerate a minimum temperature of around 25°F, but frost can damage the foliage, so it's best to protect it from extreme cold. The ideal conditions for the Hoop Pine would include steady temperatures without drastic fluctuations, avoiding exposure to severe freezing temperatures.
PruningPruning Hoop Pine (Araucaria cunninghamii) is generally done to remove dead or damaged branches and to shape the tree as desired. It is best to prune in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Depending on the plant’s needs, pruning may be required once a year or less frequently. Always use clean, sharp pruning tools to make precise cuts without harming the tree.
CleaningAs needed
SoilThe best soil mix for the Hoop Pine (Araucaria cunninghamii) should be well-draining with a slightly acidic to neutral pH level, ideally between 5.5 to 7.0. An ideal mix can be made by combining equal parts of peat, pine bark, and coarse sand or perlite to ensure proper drainage and aeration.
RepottingHoop Pines (Araucaria cunninghamii) grow quite slowly and thus don't need to be repotted frequently. They can typically be repotted every 3 to 5 years, or when the roots start to outgrow the pot. Young trees may grow faster and thus may need repotting more frequently.
Humidity & MistingHoop Pine (Araucaria cunninghamii) prefers moderate to high humidity levels. Aiming for a humidity level around 50-60% will help in maintaining a healthy growth environment for the plant.
Suitable locationsIndoor
Position Hoop Pine in bright, indirect light and avoid dry air indoors.
Outdoor
Plant Hoop Pine in well-draining soil, protected from harsh sun.
Hardiness zone
9-11 USDA
Life cycleAraucaria cunninghamii, commonly known as hoop pine, begins its life cycle with seed germination after which a juvenile plant emerges, characterized by a symmetrical conical shape and a smooth, slender stem. During the sapling stage, the hoop pine develops a thicker, rougher bark and its iconic horizontally tiered branches start to appear. As it matures into an adult tree, the canopy becomes more irregular and the tree reaches reproductive maturity, producing male and female cones on the same plant. Pollination occurs predominantly by the wind, leading to the development of seeds within the female cones. Once mature, these seeds are released and dispersed, often by gravity or sometimes by animals, to begin the next generation. Over time, adult trees can reach impressive heights of up to 60 meters and live for several hundred years before eventually dying, thereby completing their life cycle.
PropogationPropogation time
Spring to Summer
Propogation: The most popular method of propagation for the Hoop Pine (Araucaria cunninghamii) is through seeds. To effectively propagate Hoop Pine from seeds, one should ideally sow them in late winter or spring to give them a full growing season. The seeds should be sown in well-draining soil, just under the surface, and kept moist until germination, which typically occurs within a few weeks. After germination, it is crucial to maintain consistent moisture and protect young seedlings from extreme temperatures until they are established enough to be transplanted to their final growing location. Seed propagation in Hoop Pine is generally straightforward and does not require sophisticated techniques, making it accessible for most gardeners and cultivators.
